Kul·tur·kampf 
(k
l-t
r
kämpf
′)
n.1. The struggle (1871-1883) between the Roman Catholic Church and the German government under Bismarck for control over school and ecclesiastical appointments and civil marriage.
2. A conflict between secular and religious authorities: "The 1920s proved to be the focal decade in the Kulturkampf of American Protestantism" (Richard Hofstadter).
[German : Kultur, Kultur; see KULTUR + Kampf, struggle (from Middle High German, from Old High German kamph, from Germanic *kampaz, field of battle, from Latin campus, field; see CAMPUS).]