pho·nog·ra·phy 
(fə-nŏgrə-fē, fō-)
(fə-nŏgrə-fē, fō-)n.
1. The science or practice of transcribing speech by means of symbols representing elements of sound; phonetic transcription.
2. A system of shorthand based on phonetic transcription.
pho·nogra·pher, pho·nogra·phist n.