In some cases, shrubs have invaded areas where they were naturally excluded in the pristine habitat.

Instead of the pristine habitats and unspoilt wildernesses of the 1979 series, it aims to show the monumental scale of humanity's impact on nature.

He urged ecologists to study human-stressed areas along with the pristine habitats they then preferred.

Wilderness areas have been established around the country to ensure long-term protection of pristine habitats.

However, many amphibian declines or extinctions have occurred in pristine habitats where the above effects are not likely to occur.