In this type of system neither the flame nor the products of combustion can contact the feed solids or the offgas.

Its use in fuel cells eliminates the pollution from products of combustion.

Hot gaseous products of combustion move upward, causing the influx of more dense cold air to the combustion zone.

Smoke inhalation injury refers to injury due to inhalation or exposure to hot gaseous products of combustion.

Gas dryers must always be vented outdoors, as the products of combustion are mixed with the moist air.