These buy up links from an open market to route traffic in the direction of their clients.

Modern load balancing routers can use different rules to make decisions on where to route traffic.

When a component comes back on line, the load balancer begins to route traffic to it again.

However, in order to route traffic efficiently through the network, nodes in a structured overlay must maintain lists of neighbors that satisfy specific criteria.

Better computers and software were developed, air route traffic control centers were consolidated, and the number of flight service stations reduced.