The 19th century heralded a more scientific approach to map-making; much of the artistry and symbolism was stripped away in an attempt to create a two-dimensional representation of three-dimensional reality.

When a particle enters a black hole, he hypothesised, it leaves behind information about itself as a hologram; a two-dimensional representation he called a super translation.

The navigator features a two-dimensional representation of the virtual world.

The final rearrangement leads to lumisantonin as can be discerned by comparing the three-dimensional drawing with the earlier two-dimensional representation.