| 单词 | work |
| 释义 | work (wɜːʳk ) Word forms: works , working , worked 1. verb A1 People who work have a job, usually one which they are paid to do. He works for the U.S. Department of Transport. [VERB preposition/adverb] I started working in a recording studio. [VERB preposition/adverb] Where do you work? [VERB] He worked as a bricklayer's mate. [VERB + as] I want to work, I don't want to be on welfare. [VERB] Synonyms: be employed, do business, have a job, earn a living 2. uncountable noun [oft in/out of N] A1 People who have work or who are in work have a job, usually one which they are paid to do. Fewer and fewer people are in work. I was out of work at the time. She'd have enough money to provide for her children until she could find work. What kind of work do you do? Synonyms: employment, calling, business, job 3. verb A1 When you work, you do the things that you are paid or required to do in your job. I can't talk to you right now–I'm working. [VERB] He was working at his desk. [VERB preposition/adverb] Some firms expect the guards to work twelve hours a day. [VERB noun] 4. uncountable noun A2 Your work consists of the things you are paid or required to do in your job. We're supposed to be running a business here. I've got work to do. I used to take work home, but I don't do it any more. There have been days when I have finished work at 2pm. The film highlights the stressful and difficult aspects of the teacher's work. Synonyms: task, jobs, projects, commissions 5. verb A2 When you work, you spend time and effort doing a task that needs to be done or trying to achieve something. Linda spends all her time working on the garden. [VERB preposition] While I was working on my letter the telephone rang. [VERB preposition] Leonard was working at his German. His mistakes made her laugh. [VERB preposition] The most important reason for coming to university is to work for a degree. [VERB preposition] The government expressed hope that all the sides will work towards a political solution. [VERB preposition] Work is also a noun. There was a lot of work to do on their house. We hadn't appreciated how much work was involved in organizing a wedding. He said that the peace plan would be rejected because it needed more work. 6. uncountable noun [usu to/at N] A1 Work is the place where you do your job. Many people travel to work by car. She told her friends at work that she was trying to lose weight. 7. uncountable noun A2 Work is something which you produce as a result of an activity or as a result of doing your job. It can help to have an impartial third party look over your work. Tidiness in the workshop is really essential for producing good work. That's a beautiful piece of work. You should be proud of it. 8. countable noun B2 A work is something such as a painting, book, or piece of music produced by an artist, writer, or composer. In my opinion, this is Rembrandt's greatest work. Under his arm, there was a book which looked like the complete works of Shakespeare. The church has several valuable works of art. Synonyms: creation, performance, piece, production 9. verb B2 If someone is working on a particular subject or question, they are studying or researching it. Professor Bonnet has been working for many years on molecules of this type. [VERB + on] Work is also a noun. Our work shows that 10 per cent of families were behind on their rent or mortgage. 10. verb A2 If you work with a person or a group of people, you spend time and effort trying to help them in some way. She spent a period of time working with people dying of cancer. [V + with/among] He knew then that he wanted to work among the poor. [V with/among n] Work is also a noun. ...a highly respected doctor who is noted for his work with the poor. She became involved in social and relief work among the refugees. [+ among] 11. verb A2 If a machine or piece of equipment works, it operates and performs a particular function. The pump doesn't work and we have no running water. [VERB] Is the telephone working today? [VERB] Ned turned on the lanterns, which worked with batteries. [VERB preposition/adverb] Synonyms: function, go, run, operate 12. verb B1 If an idea, system, or way of doing something works, it is successful, effective, or satisfactory. 95 per cent of these diets do not work. [VERB] If lust is all there is to hold you together, the relationship will never work. [VERB] I shouldn't have come, I knew it wouldn't work. [VERB] A methodical approach works best. [VERB adverb] 13. verb B1 If a drug or medicine works, it produces a particular physical effect. I wake at 6am as the sleeping pill doesn't work for more than nine hours. [VERB] The drug works by increasing levels of serotonin in the brain. [VERB preposition/adverb] 14. verb B2 If something works in your favour, it helps you in some way. If something works to your disadvantage, it causes problems for you in some way. One factor thought to have worked in his favour is his working class image. [VERB preposition] This obviously works against the interests of the child. [VERB preposition] 15. verb If something or someone works their magic or works their charms on a person, they have a powerful positive effect on them. As Foreign Secretary, he had to work his charm on leaders from Stalin to Truman. [VERB noun + on] Our spirits rallied as the hot tea worked its magic. [VERB noun] 16. verb If your mind or brain is working, you are thinking about something or trying to solve a problem. My mind was working frantically, running over the events of the evening. [VERB] 17. verb If you work on an assumption or idea, you act as if it were true or base other ideas on it, until you have more information. We are working on the assumption that it was a gas explosion. [VERB + on] 18. verb If you work a particular area or type of place, you travel around that area or work in those places as part of your job, for example trying to sell something there. Brand has been working the clubs and the pubs since 1986, developing her comedy act. [VERB noun] This is the seventh year that he has worked the streets of Manhattan. [VERB noun] 19. verb If you work someone, you make them spend time and effort doing a particular activity or job. They're working me too hard. I'm too old for this. [VERB noun adverb/preposition] They didn't take my father away, but kept him in the village and worked him to death. [VERB noun adverb/preposition] 20. verb If someone, often a politician or entertainer, works a crowd, they create a good relationship with the people in the crowd and get their support or interest. The Prime Minister has an ability to work a crowd–some might even suggest it is a kind of charm. [VERB noun] He worked the room like a politician, gripping hands, and slapping backs. [VERB noun] Synonyms: handle, move, excite, manipulate 21. verb B2 When people work the land, they do all the tasks involved in growing crops. Farmers worked the fertile valleys. [VERB noun] Synonyms: cultivate, farm, dig, till 22. verb When a mine is worked, minerals such as coal or gold are removed from it. The mines had first been worked in 1849, when gold was discovered in California. [be VERB-ed] Only an agreed number of men was allowed to work any given seam at any given time. [VERB noun] 23. verb A2 If you work a machine or piece of equipment, you use or control it. Many adults still depend on their children to work the computer. [VERB noun] 24. verb If something works into a particular state or condition, it gradually moves so that it is in that state or condition. A screw had worked loose from my glasses. [VERB adjective] 25. verb If you work a substance such as dough or clay, you keep pressing it to make it have a particular texture. Work the dough with the palm of your hand until it is very smooth. [VERB noun] Remove rind from the cheese and work it to a firm paste, with a fork. [VERB noun preposition/adverb] Synonyms: manipulate, make, form, process 26. verb If you work a material such as metal, leather, or stone, you cut, sew, or shape it in order to make something or to create a design. ...the machines needed to extract and work the raw stone. [VERB noun] ...a long, cool tunnel of worked stone. [VERB-ed] 27. verb If you work with a particular substance or material, you use it in order to make something or to create a design. He studied sculpture because he enjoyed working with clay. [V with/in n] 28. verb If you work a part of your body, or if it works, you move it. Each position will work the muscles in a different way. [VERB noun] Her mouth was working in her sleep. [VERB] 29. countable noun [with singular or plural verb, usually noun NOUN, NOUN noun] A works is a place where something is manufactured or where an industrial process is carried out. Works is used to refer to one or to more than one of these places. The steel works could be seen for miles. ...a recycling works. ...the works canteen. 30. plural noun Works are activities such as digging the ground or building on a large scale. ...six years of disruptive building works, road construction and urban development. 31. singular noun [the NOUN] You can say the works after listing things such as someone's possessions or requirements, to emphasize that they possess or require everything you can think of in a particular category. [informal, emphasis] Amazing place he's got there–squash courts, swimming pool, jacuzzi, the works. 32. See also working 33. at work phrase B1 If someone is at work they are doing their job or are busy doing a particular activity. The salvage teams are already hard at work trying to deal with the spilled oil. He is currently at work on a novel. Television cameras were invited in to film him at work. 34. at work phrase If a force or process is at work, it is having a particular influence or effect. The report suggested that the same trend was at work in politics. It's worth being aware of the psychological forces at work during the evening. 35. to have your work cut out phrase If you say that you will have your work cut out to do something, you mean that it will be a very difficult task. The new administration has its work cut out for it. [+ for] He will have his work cut out to get into the team. 36. in the works phrase If something is in the works, it has already been planned or begun. [mainly US] He said there were dozens of economic plans in the works. Nobody should be surprised by this. It's been in the works for some time. 37. to make short/heavy/easy/quick work of sth phrase You can use work to talk about how easily or quickly a particular task is done. For example, if a person or thing makes short work of doing something or makes light work of it, they do it quickly and easily. An aerosol spray will make short work of painting awkward objects. This horse made light work of the cross-country course. Australia made hard work of beating them. 38. a nasty piece of work phrase [usually verb-link PHRASE] If you say that someone is a nasty piece of work, you mean that they are very unkind or unpleasant. [British, informal, disapproval] 39. to put/set sb to work phrase If you put someone to work or set them to work, you give them a job or task to do. By stimulating the economy, we're going to put people to work. Instead of sending them to prison, we have set them to work helping the lemon growers. 40. get/go to work phrase If you get to work, go to work, or set to work on a job, task, or problem, you start doing it or dealing with it. He promised to get to work on the state's massive deficit. He returned to America where he set to work on a new novel. 41. to work your way somewhere phrase If you work your way somewhere, you move or progress there slowly, and with a lot of effort or work. Rescuers were still working their way towards the trapped men. Many personnel managers started as secretaries or personnel assistants and worked their way up. 42. nice/good work convention You can say to someone ' nice work' or 'good work' in order to thank or praise them for doing something well or quickly. [formulae] Nice work, Matthew. I knew you could do it. 43. to throw a spanner in the works phrase If someone throws a spanner in the works, they prevent something happening smoothly in the way that it was planned, by causing a problem or difficulty. [British] A bad result is sure to throw a spanner in the works. Phrasal verbs: work in phrasal verb If you work one substance into another or work it in, you add it to the other substance and mix the two together thoroughly. Gradually pour the liquid into the flour, working it in carefully with a wooden spoon. [VERB noun PARTICLE] Work in the potato and milk until the mixture comes together. [VERB PARTICLE noun] Work the oil gradually into the yolks with a wooden spoon. [VERB noun PARTICLE noun] work off 1. phrasal verb If you work off energy, stress, or anger, you get rid of it by doing something that requires a lot of physical effort. She went for a brisk walk to work off her frustration. [VERB PARTICLE noun] If I've had a bad day I'll work it off by cooking. [VERB noun PARTICLE] 2. phrasal verb If you work off a debt, you repay it by working. The report proposes that students be allowed to work off their debt through community service. [VERB PARTICLE noun] There were heavy debts. It would take half Edward's lifetime to work them off. [VERB noun PARTICLE] work out 1. phrasal verb B2 If you work out a solution to a problem or mystery, you manage to find the solution by thinking or talking about it. Negotiators are due to meet later today to work out a compromise. [VERB PARTICLE noun] It took me some time to work out what was causing this. [VERB PARTICLE wh] 'How will you contact me?'—'We haven't worked that out yet.' [VERB noun PARTICLE] See to have sth all worked out 2. phrasal verb B2 If you work out the answer to a mathematical problem, you calculate it. It is proving hard to work out the value of bankrupt firms' assets. [VERB PARTICLE noun] If you asked me to add 2 and 2, I would not have the brain power to work it out. [VERB noun PARTICLE] 3. phrasal verb If something works out at a particular amount, it is calculated to be that amount after all the facts and figures have been considered. The price per pound works out at £3.20. [VERB PARTICLE + at] It will probably work out cheaper to hire a van and move your own things. [V P adj] 4. phrasal verb If a situation works out well or works out, it happens or progresses in a satisfactory way. Things just didn't work out as planned. [VERB PARTICLE preposition/adverb] I hope it will work out well. [VERB PARTICLE preposition/adverb] The deal just isn't working out the way we were promised. [VERB PARTICLE noun (not pronoun)] One of the ways people experience loss is when relationships don't work out. [VERB PARTICLE] 5. phrasal verb If a process works itself out, it reaches a conclusion or satisfactory end. People involved in it think it's a nightmare, but I'm sure it will work itself out. [VERB pronoun-reflexive PARTICLE] 6. phrasal verb If you work out your service or your notice, you continue to work at your job until you have completed a specified period of time. There was an interim before her successor actually came because she had to work out her notice. [VERB PARTICLE noun] 7. phrasal verb B1+ If you work out, you do physical exercises in order to make your body fit and strong. Work out at a gym or swim twice a week. [VERB PARTICLE] 8. See also workout work over phrasal verb To work someone over means to beat them very violently. [informal] The gang worked me over. [VERB noun PARTICLE] work up 1. phrasal verb If you work yourself up, you make yourself feel very upset or angry about something. She worked herself up into a bit of a state. [V pron-refl P + into/to] Don't just lie there working yourself up, do something about it. [VERB pronoun-reflexive PARTICLE] 2. See also worked up 3. phrasal verb If you work up the enthusiasm or courage to do something, you succeed in making yourself feel it. Your creative talents can also be put to good use, if you can work up the energy. [VERB PARTICLE noun] Malcolm worked up the nerve to ask Grandma Rose for some help. [VERB PARTICLE noun (not pronoun)] 4. phrasal verb If you work up a sweat or an appetite, you make yourself sweaty or hungry by doing exercise or hard work. You can really work up a sweat doing housework. [VERB PARTICLE noun] I wasn't hungry, but I'd worked up a thirst. [VERB PARTICLE noun (not pronoun)] 5. phrasal verb If you work up something such as a piece of writing, you spend time and effort preparing it. I sketched the layout of a prototype store and worked up a business plan. [VERB PARTICLE noun] They asked me to work up some sample drawings and bring them down. [VERB PARTICLE noun (not pronoun)] Quotations: I just don't happen to think [work]'s an appropriate subject for an ethicGoodbye to the Work Ethic Work expands so as to fill the time available for its completionParkinson's Law I mean, really: Why work? Simply to buy more stuff?Generation X Work is the curse of the drinking classes Work is the great cure of all maladies and miseries that ever beset mankind If any would not work, neither should he eat Bible: II Thessalonians All that matters is love and work Anyone can do any amount of work, provided it isn't the work he is supposed to be doing All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy Idioms: work hand in hand if two people or organizations work hand in hand, they work closely together, often with a single aim Steelmakers are working hand in hand with auto makers to slash the cost of producing automotive parts. Easy Learning Idioms Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers work your guts out [informal] to work very hard These women were amazing. They worked their guts out from 7.30 to 4.30 every day, often all evening and weekend too if they had families. Easy Learning Idioms Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers work your fingers to the bone to work extremely hard I have washed, cooked, fetched and carried all my life. I worked my fingers to the bone in this house. Easy Learning Idioms Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers do the donkey work [British] to do all the most physically tiring or boring parts of a job or a piece of work The boss sent for Andy and got him to do the donkey work. Easy Learning Idioms Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers something is all in a day's work said to mean that something that most people would consider difficult, unusual, or exciting is easy or normal because it is part of your job, or because you often experience this kind of thing For war reporters, dodging snipers' bullets is all in a day's work. Easy Learning Idioms Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers work overtime to work very hard in order to achieve something This might explain why people sleep longer when the immune mechanisms are working overtime to fight off infections. Easy Learning Idioms Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers work your socks off to work very hard We've all worked our socks off to produce this show. Easy Learning Idioms Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers do someone's dirty work to do something unpleasant or difficult on someone's behalf because they do not want to do it themselves He's always got other people to do his dirty work for him. Easy Learning Idioms Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers have your work cut out to have a very big problem to deal with that you will not find easy to do. The Prime Minister has his work cut out for him as most analysts see little chance of resolving the constitutional crisis. Easy Learning Idioms Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers a nasty piece of work a very unpleasant person What about the husband, then. He's a real nasty piece of work. Easy Learning Idioms Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers a piece of work [US] a very surprising, unusual, or impressive person Her next role is to play the most highly decorated policewoman in New York City. She's a real piece of work – very controversial. Easy Learning Idioms Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers work miracles to achieve very impressive results This beauty cream really works miracles and freshens up my face. Easy Learning Idioms Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers Collocations: oversee work As chief operating officer he was charged with overseeing work on home shopping and online sales. Times, Sunday Times While there, he oversaw work on silica gel, phosphates, magnesium and powder metallurgy. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 His daughters and their friends played inside while he oversaw work on the big house. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Translations: Chinese: 工作, 工作, 运转 Japanese: 労働, 働く, 機能する |
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