| 单词 | clinical |
| 释义 | clinical (klɪnɪkəl ) 1. adjective [ADJECTIVE noun] Clinical means involving or relating to the direct medical treatment or testing of patients. [medicine] The first clinical trials were expected to begin next year. ...a clinical psychologist. clinically (klɪnɪkli ) adverb [usually ADVERB adjective/-ed] She was diagnosed as being clinically depressed. It has been clinically proved that it is better to stretch the tight muscles first. 2. adjective You use clinical to describe thought or behaviour which is very logical and does not involve any emotion. [disapproval] All this questioning is so analytical and clinical–it kills romance. Collocations: clinical course 3 variants of the clinical course of calculous cholecystitis were revealed: acute, chronic and asymptomatic. 2013, 'Peculiarities of clinical course and diagnostics of calculous cholecystitis in children', Patologìâ The clinical course of the poisoning was peracute. 2006, 'Variação da toxidez de Arrabidaea bilabiata (Bignoniaceae) em coelhos Variation of the toxicity of Arrabidaea bilabiata (Bignoniaceae) in rabbits', Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira We assessed the clinical course of prepubertal patients to propose appropriate management. 2016, 'Clinical Implications of Obstructed Hemivagina and Ipsilateral Renal Anomaly (OHVIRA) Syndrome in the Prepubertal Age Group.', PLoS ONE Awareness of a primary infection may help prevent re-exposure, avoiding a reinfection with a potentially severe clinical course. 2019, 'An Italian pediatric case series of Maldive-imported dengue fever', Emergency Care Journal After stabilization and reconfirmation of intracranial perfusion during the clinical course weaning was started. 2011, 'Blunt cerebrovascular trauma causing vertebral arteryd issection in combination with a laryngeal fracture: a case report', Journal of Medical Case Reports The studies available present only descriptive clinical data on leucoderma that accompanies lupus erythematosus in its diverse clinical forms. 2005, 'Estudo comparativo entre vitiligo, nevo halo e lúpus eritematoso vitiligóide por meio de métodos imunológicos, histológicos e imuno-histoquímicos Comparative study of vitiligo, halo nevus, and vitiligoid variant of lupus erythematosus by immunological, histological, and immunohistochemical methods', Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia Infections were initially diagnosed based on clinical data and observation of morulae within platelets and then confirmed by biomolecular techniques. 2014, 'Natural infection of Anaplasma platys in dogs from Umbria region (Central Italy)', Veterinaria Italiana In both groups, we analyzed demographic and clinical data as well as nondependent factors. 2018, 'Evaluation of factors for poor outcome in preterm newborns with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus associated with late-onset neonatal sepsis', Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management A review of clinical data also suggested that the worse preoperational dyskinesia causes worsened graft-induced dyskinesia. 2016, 'Striatal plasticity in L-DOPA- and graft-induced dyskinesia; the common link?', Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by echocardiography and cineangiography. 1995, 'Tratamento cirúrgico da endocardite infecciosa Surgical treatment of infective endocarditis', Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery The clinical diagnosis was chronic cervicitis. 2008, 'Tubal metaplasia of the endocervix', Journal of Cytology A clinical diagnosis of cauda-conus lesion was made. 2011, 'The transparaspinal approach: A novel technique for one-step removal of dumb-bell-shaped spinal tumors', Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine The clinical diagnosis of calcific uremic arteriolopathy relies on high index of suspicion. 2018, 'A Rare Case of Multiorgan Calciphylaxis in a Patient with Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease', Case Reports in Urology The clinical diagnosis was an infected dentigerous cyst. 2015, 'Intraosseous verrucous carcinoma arising from an infected dentigerous cyst—A case report', Journal of the Formosan Medical Association This short-sighted decision will harm the interests of patients and undermine the improvement initiatives that the national clinical director has led and coordinated. Times, Sunday Times I have also seen the problem as a clinical director. Times, Sunday Times At a recent dinner, one clinical director told colleagues that he had chosen to undergo an operation at his own hospital. Times, Sunday Times In 1977, he became clinical director. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The majority of the other clinical directors said that they wouldn't dream of choosing their own hospital. Times, Sunday Times Leadership in healthcare requires judgment and an understanding of the balances between clinical effectiveness, the benefit to the population, public opinion, private choices and costs. Times, Sunday Times In 2000 the society set up a special annual award on clinical effectiveness and audit for the trainees. Times, Sunday Times They included 24 core standards, looking at areas such as safety, clinical effectiveness and patient focus. Times, Sunday Times The score for the quality-of-services rating will be based on how well trusts meet the commission's 24 core standards in areas such as safety and clinical effectiveness. Times, Sunday Times The limited number of patients indicates that more trials are needed to determine the overall clinical effectiveness. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The industry is still in its infancy and evidence from clinical evaluation trials is scarce. Times, Sunday Times (2015) Metastatic nidi in rare locations were confirmed according to the results of clinical evaluation, imageological methods and follow-up. 2015, 'Application of 18F-FDG PET/CT in Rare Metastatic Locations of Esophageal Carcinoma', Journal of International Translational Medicine Nosologic diagnosis was done through clinical evaluation. 1998, 'Clinical, genetical, radiological, and anatomopathological survey of 17 patients with lethal osteochondrodysplasias', Genetics and Molecular Biology These findings provide a rationale for a clinical evaluation of combined cediranib/quinacrine therapy for malignant glioma. 2014, 'Combined efficacy of cediranib and quinacrine in glioma is enhanced by hypoxia and causally linked to autophagic vacuole accumulation.', PLoS ONE However, there is no clinical evidence that eating manuka honey aids health. Times, Sunday Times (2013) There is no clinical evidence to support these assertions, the researchers said. Times, Sunday Times (2015) The clinical evidence suggests that the performance of the two drugs is virtually indistinguishable and both are equally safe. Times, Sunday Times (2006) Yet clinical evidence of an allergy or biochemical intolerance to food is only found in about five per cent of people tested. Times, Sunday Times (2008) However, clinical evidence of improvement was confirmed after 5 days of antimycotic intravenous therapy. 2013, 'Infectious endotheliitis: a rare case of presumed mycotic origin', Clinical Ophthalmology This should involve detailed blood tests and a clinical examination. Times, Sunday Times (2009) The dancers are dressed as both doctors and patients and what unfolds feels like a clinical examination. Times, Sunday Times (2015) Each of the former players will be given the tests and a neurological clinical examination either at home or at a clinic. Times, Sunday Times (2016) Diagnosis of premature canities was made based on clinical examination. 2018, 'Association between premature canities and quality of life at Medan, Indonesia 2017', Bali Medical Journal The patients were submitted to pre- and postoperative clinical examination, preoperative duplex scan and pre- and postoperative air plethysmography. 2009, 'Estudo da hemodinâmica venosa por meio da pletismografia a ar no pré e pós-operatório de varizes dos membros inferiores Venous hemodynamic study by air plethysmography in the pre- and postoperative period of lower limb varicose veins', Jornal Vascular Brasileiro The group should invite the most informed virologists with clinical experience to join their team and formulate sensible policies to contain this disease. Times, Sunday Times From our own clinical experience and knowledge, we share the concerns we are hearing from vulnerable patients, friends and relatives. Times,Sunday Times As a consequence people are over-fearful of the significance of minor symptoms, while their physicians lack the clinical experience to reassure them. Times, Sunday Times Surgeons have warned for a long time about the detrimental effect of less clinical experience on training. Times, Sunday Times We are there to support, empower, and align their spirituality within the context of their healthcare clinical experience. Christianity Today To suggest otherwise contradicts the evidence and clinical guidelines provided by national health bodies. Times, Sunday Times Lawyers said that arrangements would be made for treatment to be withdrawn in line with national clinical guidelines. Times, Sunday Times New clinical guidelines will also order staff to wear a face mask, apron and gloves when coming within 3ft of a patient. The Sun The society found that couples face a postcode lottery to obtain free fertility treatment despite clinical guidelines. Times, Sunday Times That was contrary to all legal and clinical guidelines, but management at the trust had failed to take action. Times, Sunday Times Despite clinical improvement after fluid therapy, mild azotaemia persisted. 2018, 'Granulomatous rhinitis secondary to feline leishmaniosis: report of an unusual presentation and therapeutic complications', Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports No obstruction was found at the cineangiography and the patient was discharged after clinical improvement. 2006, 'Complicações cardiovasculares em usuário de cocaína: relato de caso Cardiovascular complications related to cocaine use: case report', Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva He underwent multiple surgeries including mitral valve replacement and embolectomy with clinical improvement. 2017, 'Infective endocarditis due to Abiotrophia defectiva and its feared complications in an immunocompetent person: Rare, but real', Journal of Global Infectious Diseases Histopathology result after excisional biopsy revealed angiofibrolipoma and post-operative clinical improvement was significant. 2013, 'Angiofibrolipoma of the calf', Rare Tumors Hemi-nephrectomy of the involved side was followed by clinical improvement. 2010, 'Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a Horse-Shoe kidney', Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation He gave as examples the clinical laboratory sciences and anaesthetics. Times, Sunday Times The purser-corpsman was trained in anatomy, physiology, pharmacy, clinical laboratory, hygiene and sanitation, emergency treatment, first aid, and nursing. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 There are audio conference transcripts and recordings, as well as streaming video of experts in clinical laboratory management and pathology operations. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The principles of specificity and cross-reactivity of the antigen-antibody interaction are useful in clinical laboratory for diagnositic purposes. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Even so, the current shortage of qualified clinical laboratory professionals has spurred manufacturers to develop automated systems for even these rarely performed tests. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The most frequent clinical manifestation was arthritis (70.5%) followed by carditis (50.8%) and chorea (35.2%). 2006, 'Características clínicas e demográficas de 193 pacientes com febre reumática Clinical and demographic features of 193 patients with rheumatic fever', Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia Turbidity of the peritoneal dialysate was the sole clinical manifestation. 2019, 'Paracoccus yeei as a cause of peritoneal dialysis peritonitis in the United Kingdom', IDCases Major scientific studies and reviews on clinical manifestation and physiopathology of mercury poisoning were evaluated. 2003, 'Mercuralismo metálico crônico ocupacional Chronic occupational metallic mercurialism', Revista de Saúde Pública They accept that its importance in clinical medicine may be underestimated. Times, Sunday Times Nonetheless, we have definitively entered a new era of clinical medicine with an accelerated progress in oncology treatments. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 He fully appreciated the contributions that science, instrumentation and the laboratory could make to the advancement of clinical medicine, and made full use of them. Times, Sunday Times Although one accepts the professionalism of pharmacists, they are not trained in clinical medicine over the prolonged period that it takes to train a doctor. Times, Sunday Times They are worthy winners, but for all the importance of their work, it was published just eight years ago, and has yet to have an impact on clinical medicine. Times, Sunday Times Countless breakthroughs have been due to clinical observation of human patients and epidemiology. Times, Sunday Times His widely separated remarks on the technique of writing, and how he moved from clinical observation to producing a coherent narrative of broad general interest, are extraordinarily illuminating. The Times Literary Supplement These are evaluated by interview and clinical observation. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Thirty of these patients (16%) had their diagnosis completely changed, during the clinical observation development period. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 He published a paper on this radiographic phenomenon (pneumoperitoneum) in 1919 based on a clinical observation he had made in 1917. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 He had specialization in anesthesiology and clinical pharmacology. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Clinical pharmacology connects the gap between medical practice and laboratory science. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Amongst his many contributions are the discovery of the contagious nature of infectious diseases, and the introduction of clinical pharmacology. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Many society members are researchers in basic and clinical pharmacology who help develop disease-fighting medications and therapeutics. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 His experiences during the war in clinical pharmacology would inspire him to investigate placebo-like phenomena. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 In this case series, three cases are presented, with special emphasis on the atypicality of their clinical presentation. 2018, 'Unusual manifestations of obsessive-compulsive disorder', Annals of Indian Psychiatry Furthermore, viral infections such as those caused by coxsackievirus are rarely associated with such a severe clinical presentation. 2017, 'Febrile rhabdomyolysis of unknown origin in refugees coming from West Africa through the Mediterranean', International Journal of Infectious Diseases This review focuses on the clinical presentation of the obstructive sleep apnoea/ hypopnoea syndrome in adults. 2010, 'Clinical assessment of the obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome', Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease This case raises the possibility of such a clinical presentation being caused by haematogenous dissemination of distant site visceral tumours. 2016, 'Multiple cutaneous metastases of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma that mimic keratoacanthoma', JPRAS Open The typical clinical presentation includes multiple lentigines and cardiac defects. 2009, 'PTPN11 Mutations in LEOPARD Syndrome: Report of Four Cases in Taiwan', Journal of the Formosan Medical Association Reports indicate that poor clinical professional performance in the prison may go unrecognised or not be properly addressed, raising issues of accountability in individual clinical care on a daily basis. Times, Sunday Times Workflow interruptions can be a result of fatigue and frustration among clinical professional when using barcoding systems. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Looking at barcoding technology in healthcare from a clinical professional standpoint, barcoding technology may impact the workflow process and disrupt the delivery of care to patients. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 These unwieldy plans can only further undermine the efficiency of the health system, the role of doctors as clinical professionals - and most importantly, the autonomy of individuals. Times, Sunday Times Over 2,000,000 visits are provided by clinical professionals each year. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 This paper discusses the main tools for detecting disseminated cancer cells currently available, their limitations, and clinical relevance. 2012, 'Safety of Ovarian Tissue Autotransplantation for Cancer Patients', Obstetrics and Gynecology International In this review, we highlight the clinical relevance and importance of this diagnostic strategy in axillary osmidrosis therapy. 2016, 'Diagnosis of Human Axillary Osmidrosis by Genotyping of the Human ABCC11 Gene: Clinical Practice and Basic Scientific Evidence', BioMed Research International Despite its clinical relevance, the roles of rb1 during normal retinotectal development and function are not well understood. 2012, 'The tumor suppressor gene retinoblastoma-1 is required for retinotectal development and visual function in zebrafish.', PLoS Genetics The majority of the stenoses are without clinical relevance. 2004, 'Early rectal stenosis following stapled rectal mucosectomy for hemorrhoids', BMC Surgery As a clinical researcher, he discovered the first immunodeficiency disease. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Not only biologists and clinical researchers are required but also physicists, chemists, computer scientists and engineers. Times, Sunday Times The need for bioinformaticians, bioengineers, and clinical researchers outpaces the supply. The Scientist Clinical researchers have widely accepted this scale due to high levels of score consistency. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The company provides comprehensive systems for clinical researchers in a multitude of therapeutic areas. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Doctors have given the findings a cautious welcome, although they added that the program needed to be proven in a clinical setting. Times, Sunday Times They are being held in a safe clinical setting. The Sun The next step will be to secure a trial of the device in a clinical setting. The Sun The cardiac and blood-pressure responses were higher than when both managers were tested to exhaustion in a clinical setting a fortnight earlier. Times, Sunday Times K23 awards provide funding for three to five years of supervised clinical research in a clinical setting. The Scientist The results showed decreases both in clinical signs and in pain scores. Times, Sunday Times If horses display the clinical signs, especially if they are known to have been in contact with infected horses, veterinary advice should be sought. Times, Sunday Times The first clinical signs of rabies, involving fever and paralysis, were detected five days later. Times, Sunday Times If a pet shows clinical signs of illness, please do not take it to the vet; telephone your vet's practice for advice. Times,Sunday Times I had no clinical signs or symptoms. Times, Sunday Times This houses a learning resources centre, sports facilities and a clinical skills centre, where students can learn in simulated hospital environments. Times, Sunday Times Hundreds of thousands of healthcare assistants have taken over hands-on care as nursing becomes more focused on clinical skills. Times, Sunday Times New staff will tend to patient care, freeing nurses to focus on clinical skills. The Sun And that's before we get to clinical skills. Times, Sunday Times Trouble often breaks out and nurses need public order as well as clinical skills. Times, Sunday Times This has diverted clinical staff from patient care to the needs of bureaucracy. Times, Sunday Times There was short-termism and a gulf between managers and clinical staff. Times, Sunday Times They could start by making administrators accountable to clinical staff, rather than clinical staff being accountable to administrators. Times, Sunday Times The cameras, which monitor doctors, nurses and patients in the smart rooms, can identify individual clinical staff and patients within the room. Times, Sunday Times Sometimes relatives are so distressed that clinical staff simply do not broach the subject of organ donation. Times, Sunday Times A clinical study showed it significantly increased skin elasticity compared with the placebo group after 24 weeks. The Sun Ministers awarded the 2 million grant, the first large-scale clinical study on eating disorders, last spring, saying that research was crucial to address a dearth of knowledge about eating disorders. Times, Sunday Times Almost 100 people signed up for what they were told was going to be a 'novel mind-body clinical study of chronic lower back pain'. Times, Sunday Times The company has embarked on a second clinical study to examine the longer-term effects of its prototypes and expects to publish the results early next year. Times, Sunday Times This clinical study was performed in two different medical departments at two separate academic medical centers. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 So far, we rely on visible clinical symptoms. ST The test on this runner relates to a sample taken the following day, and the horse showed no clinical symptoms on raceday. Times, Sunday Times Mainly, he seems an over-researched assemblage of clinical symptoms and medicaments. Times, Sunday Times Psychiatry continues to rely not on biological markers of disease but on clusters of clinical symptoms. The Times Literary Supplement Ten patients received a 200ml dose of plasma, and researchers said all clinical symptoms, including fever and cough, subsided within three days. Times,Sunday Times But there is no definitive clinical test that can tell you whether you are actually intolerant to wheat. Times, Sunday Times (2009) The lack of a clinical test to determine Lariam toxicity has left her in a constant battle with doctors. Times, Sunday Times (2016) In the clinical test, the microneedle patch was well tolerated by the patient. 2017, 'Microneedle physical contact as a therapeutic for abnormal scars', European Journal of Medical Research Very few compounds make it through the laboratory, clinical testing and getting a licence to be prescribed (up to seven million molecules are screened, leading to one commercial launch). Times, Sunday Times That means that manufacturers should be required to conduct toxicological and clinical testing and to disclose the results. The Scientist Scanners may have an edge for very high-density arrays (if required for massive clinical testing). The Scientist He also claimed to be responsible for aspirin's initial surreptitious clinical testing. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Even widely used remedies may not have undergone substantial clinical testing. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Student vets are facing such high levels of debt that ministers are being urged to exempt them from tuition fees in their clinical training years. Times, Sunday Times It developed into a clinical training and research unit with 200 multidisciplinary staff. Times, Sunday Times Has the pharmacist had appropriate clinical training to ensure the consultation will be safe? Times, Sunday Times Inadequate patient monitoring and poor clinical training were highlighted at inquests which found instances of ignorance among medical practitioners. Times,Sunday Times The new curriculum consists of 18 months of basic science and two and a half years of clinical training. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 It was a slightly clinical treatment, though, involving being washed down on a wet bed. Times, Sunday Times Forty-two per cent were about 'all aspects of clinical treatment', covering a hospital stay, ward cleanliness and problems with doctors and surgeons. The Sun A hospital spokesman said that the patients had been isolated 'for ongoing clinical treatment and management of their condition while tests took place'. Times, Sunday Times Millions of people are unable to read and understand essential instructions concerning their clinical treatment and medication, a report claims today. Times, Sunday Times But a clinical treatment will take years to develop. The Sun They proliferated endlessly, and seemed to be of little clinical use, not least because they were so hard to operationalize. The Times Literary Supplement (2012) Such fun isn't dependable enough for any serious clinical use. Times, Sunday Times (2016) The pharmaceutical industry had provided only limited investment because few applications were considered to be nearly ready for clinical use. Times, Sunday Times (2009) Sulphonamides have been known for decades as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and are in clinical use. 2017, 'Synthesis of some natural sulphonamide derivatives as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors', Organic Communications Translations: Chinese: 临床的 Japanese: 臨床の |
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