| 单词 | constitutional |
| 释义 | constitutional (kɒnstɪtjuːʃənəl , US -tuː- ) adjective [usually ADJECTIVE noun] Constitutional means relating to the constitution of a particular country or organization. ...efforts to resolve the country's constitutional crisis. We have a constitutional right to demonstrate. A Romanian judge has asked for a Constitutional Court ruling on the law. Synonyms: legitimate, official, legal, chartered constitutionally adverb ...a nationwide conspiracy to deprive women of their constitutionally protected rights. Collocations: constitutional check One of his proudest achievements was to advance the use of judicial review as a constitutional check on politicians. Times,Sunday Times The courts are 'a constitutional check on the executive and legislative branches of government to ensure that they act in accordance with the basic law'. Times, Sunday Times Despots don't have to worry about constitutional checks, don't have the inconvenience of an independent judiciary and don't have to fear any backlash from the arbitrary use of power. Times, Sunday Times His enemies accuse him of using his great wealth to compromise human rights, freedom of the press and of undermining the constitutional checks and balances on his won power. Times, Sunday Times The opposition accuses the president, who came to power as prime minister in 2014, of stifling the media, sweeping away constitutional checks and balances, and stamping out dissent. Times, Sunday Times Monarchy grows stronger in a democracy when it acts with fairness and a clear sense of its constitutional constraints. Times, Sunday Times Modern readers are shocked by the book's political philosophy, with its seemingly bleak view of human nature and its endorsement of sovereign power with no constitutional constraints. The Times Literary Supplement Other federal judges have salaries that may be adjusted without direct constitutional constraints, however statutory schemes usually govern these salaries. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Any proposed change to constitutional constraints, or rules of constraints, are subject to economic scrutiny for their effects on efficiency and equity. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Spain's constitutional court was in emergency session last night considering a request by the central government to block his candidacy. Times, Sunday Times (2018) A whole series of interreligious cases are in front of the constitutional court and awaiting judgment. Times, Sunday Times (2007) Yesterday the constitutional court threw out the second report. Times, Sunday Times (2016) Individuals who have carried their complaints to the constitutional court will be disappointed. Times, Sunday Times (2011) Its constitutional court could be used to challenge any further cash being set aside for rescuing other countries. Times, Sunday Times (2010) Critics called it a power grab and constitutional crisis. The Sun (2017) The affair became a national scandal and a constitutional crisis. Times, Sunday Times (2017) They are a central part of the present constitutional crisis. After Thatcher (1989) It would cause a constitutional crisis if she refused. The Sun (2013) I refuse to see the proliferation of minor parties as a constitutional crisis. Times, Sunday Times (2015) She was not about to stop and explain, even if it had been the source of a major constitutional debate back home. Times, Sunday Times In her absence, there continued a bland constitutional debate on the succession. Times, Sunday Times Though this was not published during the course of the constitutional debates, it survives in a personal letter. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 During the following months, the constitutional debates continued. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 He had a 'constitutional duty to seek to resolve the situation for the good of the country', he claimed. Times, Sunday Times Explaining his opposition, the president said last night that it was his constitutional duty to protect the financial interests of the country. Times, Sunday Times And isn't it her constitutional duty to be happy about whoever she has to meet? The Sun Yet he insists on retaining the ultimate 'signing off' power, as his constitutional duty. Times, Sunday Times In 2002, in order to fulfil their constitutional duty, the government tabled an anti-subversion bill. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 A leading constitutional expert warned that he would not be able to avoid it. Times, Sunday Times Instead, he will appear as a constitutional expert early on in the trial. Times,Sunday Times He has been described as an eminent constitutional expert. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Yet few constitutional experts have been defending the president and most believe he has strayed far across the boundaries set by the act. Times, Sunday Times Constitutional experts are split over whether peers breached the rules by defeating the government on a major financial issue. Times, Sunday Times He eventually came to the view that a new constitutional framework should be considered. Times, Sunday Times Its influence goes wider than this, of course, and the principle it states finds expression in the constitutional framework of countries throughout the world. Times, Sunday Times We are importing showy bits of their political culture but not the protection provided by their overarching constitutional framework. Times, Sunday Times It was also said to be contrary to the constitutional framework underpinning the devolution settlement; and/or contrary to the rule of law principles of legal certainty and legality. Times, Sunday Times Consistency with the rule of law or the constitutional framework underpinning the devolution settlement was relevant only so far as it assisted in resolving that issue. Times, Sunday Times The majority opinion only called for exceptions to the statutes protecting the constitutional freedom from cruel and unusual punishment. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Constitutional freedom and the law. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 He worked throughout his life to protect civil rights, uphold constitutional freedoms, and ensure equal justice for all. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Notably, he was given sweeping powers to rule by decree and suspend constitutional freedoms. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Constitutional government has been gravely, perhaps even fatally, undermined. Times, Sunday Times That, too, began with the downfall of a corrupt tyrant amid hopes of constitutional government. Times, Sunday Times But the prospects of a successful transition to constitutional government are good. Times, Sunday Times They were united in their commitment to constitutional government. The Times Literary Supplement She prefers to build up the institutions of constitutional government slowly. Times, Sunday Times Delegates also endorsed a constitutional guarantee on human rights, though it was ambiguous and made no mention of political freedom. canada.com True, a few states had such a requirement on their own, but those states had never rested this requirement on a federal constitutional guarantee. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 He said it would render insecure and valueless every constitutional guarantee... Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 His proposal included broader forms of autonomy, including a constitutional guarantee of free and directly elected local self-governance. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Citizens have a constitutional guarantee of the right to use their own spoken and written language in court proceedings. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The defeat could also have far-reaching constitutional implications. Times, Sunday Times However, it would have profound constitutional implications. Times, Sunday Times Giving evidence to peers about the constitutional implications of coalition government, he said there would be 'some advantage in codifying more clearly the rights of the coalition party'. Times, Sunday Times There are constitutional implications related to the weakness of cabinet government to be investigated too. Times, Sunday Times Despite the repetition, too many people are still missing the constitutional implications of the referendum. Times, Sunday Times They should never have agreed to serve a president who insists more on personal loyalty than on any constitutional interpretation of the civil-military relationship. Times,Sunday Times I wouldn't presume to secondguess that constitutional interpretation - although a number of eminent lawyers have done so. Times, Sunday Times His philosophy of constitutional interpretation was essentially historical contextualism. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 This was a case of statutory rather than constitutional interpretation. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Unwritten constitutional principles were relied upon to demonstrate this, indicating such principles were growing in importance in constitutional interpretation. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 It's not only a constitutional issue but an economic one. Times, Sunday Times The action also raises the constitutional issue of the right of the executive to 'unilaterally' change the terms and conditions of the judiciary. Times, Sunday Times Both will have to make their position clear on the vexed constitutional issue of the monarchy. Times, Sunday Times If the government disagreed, the constitutional issue would need to be resolved by the courts. Times, Sunday Times I would suggest the following: first, that for such a major constitutional issue, any change would require a super-majority of at least 60 per cent voting in favour. Times,Sunday Times The subject was democracy and constitutional law. Times, Sunday Times (2014) The challenge raised complex issues of constitutional law. America Past and Present (1995) Dillon was suddenly transported back to the constitutional law seminar he had loved so much at UVA. BALANCE OF POWER (1998) Yet again a constitutional law question has arisen of whether to do something (within the system of tripartism of power). 2012, 'Insufficiency of the normative as a characteristic of Sports Law', Zbornik Radova Pravnog Fakulteta u Splitu There were 18 of us in total — environmentalists, a constitutional lawyer who made sure we were doing everything by the book and other experts. Times, Sunday Times Maybe next time send an anthropologist, or constitutional lawyer - and do, please, use more decolonizing sensibility in the editing process. The Times Literary Supplement A new press regulator would be better protected from political interference if it were overseen by a body established by a charitable trust, according to a leading constitutional lawyer. Times, Sunday Times On entering the law, his ambition had been to become the best constitutional lawyer in the country. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Civil servants are consulting constitutional lawyers about how the change can be enacted. Times, Sunday Times Such doctrines do not have a democratic or constitutional mandate from the states that agreed to be bound by the convention. Times, Sunday Times The duties of a union steward vary according to each labor union's constitutional mandate for the position. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Shores sees such consistency not only as sound policy, but as a constitutional mandate. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 He retired by constitutional mandate in 1970 at the age of seventy-five. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 It hardly advances the democratic cause to deploy subterfuge and to pass off political commitments as constitutional mandates. Globe and Mail The court, however, did not rule on the core constitutional matter of the retrocession. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The central questions concerned constitutional matters and operational matters. Times, Sunday Times But it would be hard to make the case without provision for a referendum on constitutional matters such as voting reform. Times, Sunday Times He later returned to the university as a lecturer, specialising in constitutional matters. Times, Sunday Times These are all significant constitutional matters by any standard. Times, Sunday Times Any changes to the arrangement would require potentially complicated constitutional negotiations. canada.com How much so defined much of the lengthy constitutional negotiations and modifications that followed. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Moreover, powers gained by any province during future constitutional negotiations would also have to be offered to the other provinces. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 In constitutional negotiations they were able to secure a legislative veto power for the king. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Since 1968 the party has appealed for constitutional negotiations on the matter of provincial sovereignty, in addition to holding two provincial referendums on the matter. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Under governments predominantly of the moderate left, they have pursued social reforms to reduce inequality while accepting the market economy and adhering to constitutional norms. Times, Sunday Times He insisted that religious doctrines be 'peaceable'- that they conform to liberal and constitutional norms. Times, Sunday Times The courts made decisions to liquidate fifty-nine local organizations for violations of constitutional norms and federal legislation during that period. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The imposition of that legal duty was a matter for judicial determination, involving criteria of public or legal policy consistent with constitutional norms. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 These private institutions are not public bodies and don't have a constitutional obligation to let anyone say anything. Times, Sunday Times In the subsequent 54 days, revelations in football changed the national landscape beyond recognition, turning a consultation project into a constitutional obligation. Times, Sunday Times For example, a prosecutor has a constitutional obligation to preserve, and to communicate with the defense about exculpatory evidence in the possession of the government. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The opinion invited legislative action to implement what the court defined as the constitutional obligation. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 However, according to the provision, the constitutional obligations must be performed without fear and favour. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The amended version broadens the definition to include threats to 'constitutional order, sovereignty and territorial and state integrity'. Times, Sunday Times We have a constitutional order. The Sun The new constitutional order survives, though narrowly. Times, Sunday Times We urge all parties involved to respect constitutional order and the rule of law. canada.com Between 1789 and 1958 the country experienced no fewer than 17 different forms of constitutional order. Times, Sunday Times Their successors turn out to have little more respect for constitutional politics and a free press. Times, Sunday Times Unite's rejection of constitutional politics was smuggled through the arcane setting of a rules conference. Times, Sunday Times Persisting with the internecine dispute will discredit constitutional politics. Times, Sunday Times Labour's national standing was hollowed out because of public hostility to an ideological stance and a leadership that were far removed from the traditions of constitutional politics. Times,Sunday Times For all the disagreements in constitutional politics on economic and social issues, these are family differences. Times, Sunday Times Referendums are invariably proposed, and opposed, out of political expediency and advantage, not out of constitutional principle. Times, Sunday Times The same question arose in relation to a second constitutional principle, that of parliamentary accountability. Times,Sunday Times Any attempt to advise refusal of royal assent to a bill passed by parliament would stand constitutional principle on its head. Times, Sunday Times This reflects the basic constitutional principle that governments cannot rule by decree in a democracy except for short periods while subject to parliamentary oversight. Times,Sunday Times The court had to be persuaded that the case engaged issues of legal and constitutional principle, rather than the apportionment of scarce public funds. Times, Sunday Times Formal leaders are always elected through some constitutional process, but pastors may find themselves going more often to informal leaders. Christianity Today Then a genuine transition from dictatorship to an inclusive constitutional process can really begin, led by a new generation of leaders. Times, Sunday Times A constitutional process will begin shortly. Times, Sunday Times Clearly the constitutional process that flowed from the original convention has been a failure, but the problem that led to the convention being established has not disappeared. Times, Sunday Times By constitutional process, a by-election was to be called to fill the vacancy and move forward from the turbulence. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Section 20 contains a constitutional prohibition against smoking in indoor workplaces. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Clubs were exempt from the constitutional prohibition because they were not open to the public. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The constitutional prohibition on multiracial political parties was lifted. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 In 1970, voters rejected a proposal to repeal the constitutional prohibition on open saloons. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 In the early 20th century, the constitutional prohibition on state involvement in roads was removed. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 On other occasions he defended vigorously the constitutional protection of free speech, while expressing personal distaste for some of its consequences. Times, Sunday Times Section 37 provides for the constitutional protection of the mechanic's lien. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Two judges on the three-judge panel held that false statements are not worthy of constitutional protection. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The king has constitutional protection from arrest and trial. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The jury found that the city used excessive force and violated the members' constitutional protection against unreasonable search and seizure. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Just abolish the constitutional provision regarding the right to private property and there we are. ST It was not until 1980, however, that an agreement could be reached on how to implement this new constitutional provision. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 It was argued that a federal tax on carriages violated the constitutional provision regarding direct taxes. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The ruling was in line with a constitutional provision allowing for such extensions when voting could not be properly held due to exceptionally serious circumstances. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 While the employer's actions may have constituted bad faith, its actions did not contravene the policies of any statute or constitutional provision. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 While politicians have been focusing on the 'constitutional question', this injustice has got steadily worse. Times, Sunday Times There could hardly be a constitutional question of greater import. Times, Sunday Times One can see why prime ministers have been so reluctant to open this constitutional question. Times, Sunday Times This raised the constitutional question of whether states could nullify federal laws. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The decision provided hints that the court might approach the constitutional question differently. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 In the following year he lost a constitutional referendum. Times, Sunday Times Backed by a narrow majority in a constitutional referendum last month, he has created an executive presidency with sweeping powers. Times, Sunday Times The lowest turnout was for the 1993 constitutional referendum, when only 54.8% of the registered decided to vote. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 In the constitutional referendum of 1946 it advocated to maintain the monarchy, but the majority of voters opted for the establishment of a republic. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 His resignation came months before the country's constitutional referendum and elections. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 To treat constitutional reform as ordinary parliamentary business is a category mistake. Times, Sunday Times (2012) The government is trying to change the law via the constitutional reform bill. Times, Sunday Times (2009) For the first time since the suffragettes, constitutional reform has become a popular issue. Times, Sunday Times (2009) Avoiding the promotion of political and constitutional reform on the basis of short-term expediency is imperative. Times, Sunday Times (2012) But this has been used as a peg on which to hang a wide range of unconnected constitutional reform proposals. Times, Sunday Times (2009) There are at least two years before the constitutional requirement to hold an election starts to loom. Times, Sunday Times She abolished the constitutional requirement, claiming that it encouraged the military to intervene at regular intervals. Times, Sunday Times Her decision was a private one marking her journey of faith; there was no compulsion to make it, or constitutional requirement for it. Times, Sunday Times It was, in those days, a constitutional requirement that on the first occasion that you accepted a ministerial position you would offer your constituents the chance to deliver their verdict. Times, Sunday Times The constitutional requirement for multi-party coalitions, which has never been implemented strictly as stipulated, should also be reconsidered, he said. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 They have a constitutional responsibility to resolve difficulties between themselves in accordance with the rules, and so as not to call on the ultimate referee. Times, Sunday Times In previous years, the provinces wanted more money to run the programs for which they have constitutional responsibility. Globe and Mail Four former lord chancellors have taken the unprecedented step of warning the current holder of the office that cuts to judges' pensions could breach his constitutional responsibilities. Times, Sunday Times He had wanted to remove the term as part of a wideranging constitutional revision this summer, but the issue will not even be discussed. Times, Sunday Times How could anyone understand the sense of alienation gripping me as we moved through the political process of the constitutional revision? Christianity Today This cabinet was preparing an important constitutional revision. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 As a result of a constitutional revision which occurred in 2003, these regions are now to be called overseas regions. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 A constitutional revision committee was eventually formed under the new parliament, which issued an incomplete report in 2007. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The argument for an absolute constitutional right to attend also proves too much. Times, Sunday Times (2009) But voting is a constitutional right, conferred by nations that practise the former. Times, Sunday Times (2011) There is no constitutional right not to be offended. Times, Sunday Times (2010) That, as they say, is your constitutional right. Times, Sunday Times (2011) Indeed, by reporting such matters the press fulfils its important watchdog role, ensuring the public has the information it has a constitutional right to receive. Times, Sunday Times (2013) In 1999, by a 95-per-cent vote, we enshrined a constitutional safeguard prohibiting merger with any other political party. Globe and Mail Though very poor and deprived they are still not facilitated with any constitutional safeguard and concern. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 They must revive the independence of parliament, the civil service, the courts, the press and local government as constitutional safeguards against central control. Times, Sunday Times But if he remains aloft he could, in his last months, accomplish changes that will secure his place in history (oh, and further weaken our constitutional safeguards). Times, Sunday Times He was willing to accept the widest franchise that any civilized country had, if he might have with it the constitutional safeguards which every country but our own possessed. Times, Sunday Times Our senior judiciary need no lessons from politicians about the need to respect the constitutional separation of powers between the political branches of government and the judiciary. Times, Sunday Times That undermines the constitutional separation of powers, he said, by asking the judiciary to rubber-stamp the executive branchs interpretation of the law. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Moreover, this intrusion would, under certain circumstances, violate constitutional separation of powers principles. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 New building, new name and new constitutional status making it separate, unlike the law lords, from the legislature. Times, Sunday Times The position has no constitutional status. Times, Sunday Times These rights have constitutional status, binding each of the country's constitutional institutions. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 After referendums were held on all these islands, they are currently in the process to change their constitutional status. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The exact constitutional status of the state during this period has been a matter of scholarly and political dispute. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The labyrinthine constitutional structure led to a lack of accountability and haphazard decision-making. Times, Sunday Times I am a big believer in our constitutional structure. Christianity Today The regulator's powers include opening a formal inquiry, seizing day-to-day control from the trustees and even asking parliament to impose a constitutional structure on the society. Times, Sunday Times A given structure becomes part of the constitutional structure of government. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Such rules do, therefore, have some life in the area of substantive rights as well as enforcement of constitutional structure. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 If it’s a constitutional violation, it’s the obligation of our government to fashion a remedy. Smithsonian Mag The next year, 2000, a panel of three judges agreed and reversed the district court, while still finding a constitutional violation. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 It should be replaced by a rule that allows the plaintiff to recover full damages when the constitutional violation was sufficient to cause them. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Finally, the court determined that the absence of probable cause as a constitutional violation was clearly established in law. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Due to a constitutional violation, four of those convicted of the fraud were later released as they were not initially charged with the offense. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Translations: Chinese: 有关宪法的 Japanese: 憲法の |
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