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单词 duty
释义
duty
(djti , US dti )
Word forms: duties
1. uncountable noun B2
Duty is work that you have to do for your job.
Staff must report for duty at their normal place of work.
My duty is to look after the animals.
Synonyms: responsibility, job, task, work  
2. plural noun B2
Your duties are tasks which you have to do because they are part of your job.
I carried out my duties conscientiously.
He was relieved of his duties as presidential adviser.
3. singular noun [oft with poss] B1+
If you say that something is your duty, you believe that you ought to do it because it is your responsibility.
I consider it my duty to write to you and thank you.
4. variable noun
Duties are taxes which you pay to the government on goods that you buy.
Import duties still average 30%.
...customs duties.
They are pressing the Chancellor to reduce excise duty on beer.
5. off duty, on duty phrase B2
If someone such as a police officer or a nurse is off duty, they are not working. If someone is on duty, they are working.
I'm off duty.
Four officers were told to go off duty and rest at home.
Extra staff had been put on duty.
Quotations:
Our duty is to be useful, not according to our desires but according to our powersHenri Frédéric AmielJournal
Without duty, life is soft and boneless; it cannot hold itself togetherJoseph JoubertPensées
When a stupid man is doing something that he is ashamed of, he always declares that it is his dutyGeorge Bernard ShawCaesar and Cleopatra
Do your duty, and leave the outcome to the GodsPierre CorneilleHorace
England expects that every man will do his dutyHoratio Nelsonsignal at the Battle of Trafalgar
Duty, honour! We make these words say whatever we want, the same as we do with parrotsAlfred CapusMariage Bourgeois
Collocations:
carry out a duty
These men carried out their duties for us and this is the treatment they receive.
The Sun (2008)
Staff explained the manner in which they tried to carry out their duties in a humane way.
Coyle, Andrew & Stern, Vivien The Prisons We Deserve (1994)
The policy covers persons employed by the club who have an accident while carrying out their duties.
Aiken, Nick Working with Teenagers (1994)
duty hours
Duty hours are 7:00am 7:00pm and 7:00pm 7:00am.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
Eight (8) of these hours must be yard duty hours to help us maintain student safety.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
The act may or may not have been performed during duty hours.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
He tried to escape during duty hours by scaling a chain link fence at the edge of the island.
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Similarly, 5% of human factor accidents occurred to pilots who had been on duty for 13 or more hours, where only 1% of pilot duty hours occur during that time.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
duty of loyalty
Several state nonprofit corporation laws specify that board members are personally liable for approving a transaction that violates a board member's fiduciary duty of loyalty.
Christianity Today
Directors of nonprofit corporations also have a fiduciary duty of loyalty to the corporation.
Christianity Today
In most cases, a director breaches the duty of loyalty only through some secret or undisclosed interest in a transaction with the corporation.
Christianity Today
Under these circumstances, the pastor likely has violated the fiduciary duty of loyalty by usurping a corporate opportunity.
Christianity Today
In such a case, the duty of loyalty may be violated.
Christianity Today
ethical duty
Rule-of-law campaigners also say that firms have an ethical duty to promote fairness and human rights.
Times, Sunday Times
There were rumours a while back that these were to be repatriated out of a sense of ethical duty and cultural respect.
Times, Sunday Times
Do you have an ethical duty to report it?
Times, Sunday Times
He argued the doctor breached his ethical duty by giving the star propofol, a powerful anaesthetic normally used only in hospitals, at home to help him sleep.
The Sun
Reed reviewed the book and, finding no objectionable content, determined it was her ethical duty to defend the book against an outright ban.
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exercise a duty
You could, however, be sued if you harmed other car occupants, and an insurer might refuse to pay as you didn't exercise your duty of care to passengers.
Times, Sunday Times
Captains, too, need to exercise a duty of care.
Times, Sunday Times
Corporate directors are required to exercise their duties with due care because the institutional integrity of a corporation depends upon the proper discharge of those duties.
Christianity Today
In 1536, he exercised the duties of censor of the press for the king.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
He was, however, stilled barred from campaigning for himself or exercising any duties of his office, should he win.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
extra duty
After the fourth time of going and being presumed upon for extra duty, the helper decided she won't help anybody anymore.
Christianity Today
The extra duty on petrol-guzzling cars amounted to 'rather less than the cost of half-filling the tank'.
Times, Sunday Times
Those buying properties for more than 937,000 will pay extra duty, however.
Times, Sunday Times
I was also pleased that there was no extra duty on alcohol.
Times, Sunday Times
Some passengers could lose their flights despite having booked and paid in advance, unless they pay the extra duty.
Times, Sunday Times
fiduciary duty
Charter brought proceedings against the defendant on the basis it received the sums transferred with knowledge of breach of trust or fiduciary duty of the manager.
Times, Sunday Times (2008)
Few courts have addressed the fiduciary duty of loyalty in the context of churches or other nonprofit corporations.
Christianity Today (2000)
The day we recovered a $60 million verdict against a bank for breach of fiduciary duty.
Times, Sunday Times (2015)
You have a fiduciary duty.
Times, Sunday Times (2016)
If elected, they are elected by all shareholders and they have a fiduciary duty to act in the interests of all shareholders.
Times, Sunday Times (2015)
fulfil a duty
The pages, in rotation, had only two opportunities to fulfil this duty.
Times, Sunday Times
Eventually a way was found to allow him to fulfil his duty without putting others in his battalion at risk.
The Sun
Her guard went home once he had got her to write a confirmation that he had done his utmost to fulfil his duty.
Times, Sunday Times
If he doesn't, he cannot expect you to fulfil your duty of care towards him.
Times, Sunday Times
And they don't fulfil the duty to the forces.
Times, Sunday Times
full-time duty
The no-nonsense regime aims to boost their morale and help them back into full-time duty.
The Sun
Anyone unemployed for two years will have to take up full-time duties to qualify for handouts.
The Sun
Why a possible return to full-time duties now?
Times,Sunday Times
Very shortly afterward, he was appointed deputy interior minister for political affairs, (though he continued his full-time duties as senior adviser).
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He soon grew tired of the day-to-day travel and left his full-time duties to write and spend time with his family.
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handle a duty
Though he hestaites sometimes, he handles his duties with precision.
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He handles all duties in its creation, including writing, penciling, inking, lettering, and coloring.
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She works at a hospital and handles her duties as a doctor and a nurse.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
hazardous duty
Chafing at the drudgery of the work he soon volunteered for 'hazardous duty'.
Times, Sunday Times
Birding moved from being a benign activity to hazardous duty.
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Participation was voluntary, and there was neither a financial reward nor hazardous duty associated with the qualification.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
She performed her hazardous duties under enemy shore fire on several occasions, but escaped with only minor damage from shrapnel and no casualties.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
household duties
Maybe you need a rota for household duties, for example.
The Sun
In exchange for their lodging and pocket money, they usually performlight household duties, including some childcare.
Times, Sunday Times
However, try drawing up a roster listing the household duties you take on so that it's clear what chores are in lieu of the rent.
Times, Sunday Times
Research took precedence over household duties.
Times, Sunday Times
Our actions show we would rather earn more money to pay someone else to fulfil those boring household duties, or to purchase better labour-saving devices, or buy convenience food.
Times, Sunday Times
impose a duty
New planning guidelines will impose a duty on town halls to keep close tabs on local house prices and rents.
The Sun
The government plans to impose a duty of care on companies and executives will face jail for the most egregious failures.
Times, Sunday Times
It did not in terms impose any duty to insure on a director or other officer as such, let alone any civil liability for failure to do so.
Times, Sunday Times
Such an attractive nuisance may impose a duty of care even towards trespassers.
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It was said that it was recognised that imposing a duty of care could enhance standards.
Times,Sunday Times
legal duty
She also found a substantial number of the expert witnesses had undergone no training to understand their legal duty.
Times, Sunday Times
If the employee has real concerns, then as an employer you have a legal duty to help resolve them.
Times, Sunday Times
Unlike housing and waste disposal, local authorities have no legal duty to maintain parks.
Times,Sunday Times
The judge said allowing smoking breached landlords' legal duty to prevent 'crime and disorder' on their premises.
The Sun
The council said it had a legal duty over the bill.
The Sun
military duty
The provincial governors also had worries of their own: ensuring servitors reported for military duty, that walls were maintained, that villages paid their taxes.
The Times Literary Supplement
Rather than doing his military duty, he stayed overnight at the house of the bishop, talking all night with him.
Christianity Today
You filed, asking for exemption from military duty on conscientious grounds.
Times, Sunday Times
Yet he had been influenced by ideas of military duty, and was not a member of an overt opposition group.
Times, Sunday Times
They were deserting bigotry, penury and boredom more than military duty.
The Times Literary Supplement
moral duty
He acknowledged that he was in a minority, but said he felt a moral duty to speak up for his ancient ancestors.
Times, Sunday Times (2015)
Asylum may be a moral duty, but there is also a strong economic benefit and cultural advantage to immigration.
Times, Sunday Times (2016)
There is a widespread and illogical feeling that we have a moral duty to horses that we don't have to many other of our fellow mammals.
Times, Sunday Times (2013)
It was our moral duty to help.
The Sun (2016)
It has a moral duty to assist these victims.
Times, Sunday Times (2011)
normal duty
Then four resumed normal duties while three continued searching.
The Sun (2009)
Public officials whose normal duties have been suspended are likely to be given basic training.
Times,Sunday Times (2020)
Both forces are understood to be unhappy at having to divert officers from their normal duties after budget cuts.
Times, Sunday Times (2013)
official duty
He never drank to excess, though, and certainly not on official duty.
The Sun
Of course civil servants working for ministers have views, but that's separate from their official duty to compile a balanced package for the minister to consider.
Times, Sunday Times
It became his official duty to present reports from the various departments of state to the king.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
In 1990, he went abroad on official duty and did not return.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
He also rejected the argument that removing paintings from walls was an official duty.
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onerous duty
The court should be slow to supplement them by way of an onerous duty of care in private law.
Times, Sunday Times
The most onerous duty was that he was sometimes called to sit on courts-martial.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
Other public sector chiefs with similar earnings had far more onerous duties.
Times, Sunday Times
She moved to less onerous duties in 1902.
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The soldier was exempted from more onerous duties and often got better rations and other favours from his officer.
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owe a duty
Perhaps - though it seems to me that those who commandeer the recently deceased owe a duty of care.
Times, Sunday Times
Moreover, fund managers owe a duty to the clients whose money they are paid to invest.
Times, Sunday Times
But when your wages come out of the listener's wallet you owe a duty of neutrality.
The Sun
That was not to say that the right of disclosure was absolute, for a person might owe a duty to treat information as private or confidential.
Times, Sunday Times
Directors of companies up for sale owe a duty to all shareholders.
Times, Sunday Times
parental duties
After that, her parental duties began to affect her music-making and further albums contained fewer original compositions and more covers.
Times, Sunday Times
The powerlessness, the sense of failing in your parental duties, the feeling of not being considered, not respected.
Times, Sunday Times
It was also about parental duties, neighbourliness and commitments across generations.
Times, Sunday Times
Neither of us saw it that way, however, until we were shoulder-deep in parental duties with our son.
Times, Sunday Times
We find a toy, or put on a video, to take over parental duties while we prepare dinner or catch up on work.
Times, Sunday Times
pastoral duties
The traditional textbooks on pastoral theology, he says, primarily stress such pastoral duties as weddings, dedications, and funerals.
Christianity Today
Ministry in nursing homes has always been one of my favorite pastoral duties, in some sense precisely because of the challenge.
Christianity Today
He fits in pastoral duties around matches and training.
The Sun
The offense did not occur while the pastor was performing his pastoral duties.
Christianity Today
He took his pastoral duties as manager very seriously.
Times, Sunday Times
patriotic duty
Supporting her is his patriotic duty.
Times, Sunday Times (2016)
The references to patriotic duty are predictable and hackneyed.
Times, Sunday Times (2012)
She said we had a patriotic duty to remain.
Times, Sunday Times (2016)
Bolivia has maintained a navy and schoolchildren are taught that a return to the sea is a patriotic duty.
Times, Sunday Times (2011)
That sense of patriotic duty prevails no longer in many of the sportsmen given the privilege of playing for our national teams.
Times, Sunday Times (2010)
patrol duty
She carried out minelaying operations, patrol duty, and other routine work.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
In addition to these specific groups, all police forces retain a majority of officers for the purpose of patrol duty and general law enforcement.
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She continued on patrol duty for the next year.
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No mission, however, received the prominence of antisubmarine coastal patrol duty.
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She continued her service in this operation with surveying and patrol duty.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
perform a duty
This conveys the idea that she's there to perform a duty, not to soak up adulation.
Times, Sunday Times
Yet removal of their immunity had not resulted in any diminution of the advocate's readiness to perform that duty.
Times, Sunday Times
He has tried to perform his duty but all attempts have failed.
Times, Sunday Times
I wasn't asked to perform this duty again.
Times, Sunday Times
We should also be proud of our prison officers who perform their duty under extreme pressure due to the lack of manpower and with their hands tied behind their backs.
The Sun
primary duty
Companies have a primary duty to promote their businesses for the benefit of shareholders.
Times, Sunday Times
His primary duty was to 'recruit clandestine human intelligence sources'.
Times, Sunday Times
Instead of secret missions, my primary duty was to glean information from sources such as politicians and scientists.
The Sun
That was a primary duty but not the only consideration, he said.
Times, Sunday Times
Any politics that excluded this primary duty to give aid and support was inadequate.
Times, Sunday Times
regular duties
Fourth, we get exhausted by having to support the commercial racket while carrying on all our regular duties as well.
Christianity Today
He has insisted, therefore, that one of the security guards patrolling the fair should, alongside his regular duties, also practise yoga.
Times, Sunday Times
He has been absent from regular duties for three weeks, including one spent in hospital, after he contracted the virus.
Times,Sunday Times
Border staff are sometimes taken away from their regular duties to assist them.
Times, Sunday Times
These were in addition to his regular duties presenting popular planetarium shows from 1956 to 1984 and producing his own radio program.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
religious duty
What if we inspired them to be fueled by grace and love, not religious duty or pressure?
Christianity Today
Some came out of religious duty and did not care about preaching one way or another.
Christianity Today
Church schools prepared individuals for the clergy and for other religious duties and positions.
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Most religions grant exceptions from religious duties to people who are sick.
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The young generation of the community tends to have little knowledge about their religion and generally do not fulfill all religious duties.
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resume duty
An expected leave period before resuming duties did not eventuate.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
In the late 1940s, she was temporarily declared inactive, out of service, but resumed duties shortly thereafter.
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Next, after a brief training period, the warship resumed duty with transatlantic convoys.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
In case of incapacity, a deputy prime minister assumes the office of acting prime minister until the prime minister resumes duty, or until the appointment of a new prime minister.
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sacred duty
The preservation of great art, music and literature, meanwhile, he saw as a sacred duty.
Times,Sunday Times
I was one of the afternoon volunteers entrusted with this sacred duty.
Christianity Today
They then refuse to select them, an infringement of their sacred duty to pick the best team.
Times, Sunday Times
These days, all actors feel they have a sacred duty to show the public that they can laugh at themselves.
Times, Sunday Times
Reading thus becomes a continuous act of interior iconoclasm: a sacred duty, as well as an absolutely necessary means to understanding the true nature of creation.
The Times Literary Supplement
sense of duty
These, and an absolute sense of duty, he rigorously applied to himself, often at the cost of anxious heart-searching.
Times, Sunday Times (2008)
This sense of duty and love of collaborative work shaped much of what he wrote.
The Times Literary Supplement (2013)
But fame has not dented his sense of duty.
The Sun (2015)
They must decide whether to vote out of a sense of duty to the past or out of enlightened self-interest.
Times, Sunday Times (2014)
share a duty
Western governments share a duty to fight barbarism.
Times, Sunday Times
Members share the duty of leading services throughout the year.
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Sportsmanship requires that skaters in the paceline share the duty as paceline leader.
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Can they learn to work together so that they are sharing the duties?
Times, Sunday Times
They shared the duty brilliantly, each performing for more than 20 minutes without interruption and flawless in their reading before a 500-strong congregation.
Times, Sunday Times
solemn duty
He added that the medical care of people was a 'solemn duty' that the doctors, and the hospital, had failed to perform.
Times, Sunday Times
It also has a solemn duty to respect the freedoms that the rest of the developed world takes for granted.
Times, Sunday Times
He said each generation had a solemn duty to hand the world to its successors in a condition that was not only more prosperous, but also more beautiful.
Times, Sunday Times
But neither she nor they could ever have imagined them having to perform such a solemn duty.
The Sun
Dear reader, it was my solemn duty to road-test it for you.
Times, Sunday Times
statutory duty
The planners are failing to meet their statutory duty to protect biodiversity.
Times, Sunday Times (2007)
There was no statutory duty upon councils to fund open-air swimming pools.
Times, Sunday Times (2006)
The new statutory duty should not apply to universities and they should be exempt, as proposed for the security services and judicial bodies.
Times, Sunday Times (2015)
Officials actively seek to avoid their statutory duty to provide advice and assistance to those who make requests by refusing to provide any direct contact information.
Times, Sunday Times (2012)
tariff duty
Politicians and bureaucrats would succumb to the lure of government lucre accumulated through taxation, tariff duties and public land sales.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
New credit was obtained, foreign investment was stimulated, and taxes were both increased and reorganized, while tariff duties were lowered.
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We favor the immediate downward revision of the existing high and in many cases prohibitive tariff duties, insisting that material reductions be speedily made upon the necessaries of life.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
teaching duties
The difference between old and new has narrowed over that time and the latter have always paid more attention to their teaching duties.
Times, Sunday Times
Without a family and with no college teaching duties, she was able to devote all her time to research.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
He considered his teaching duties to be particularly important and enjoyed nurturing the philosophical aspirations of his students.
Times, Sunday Times
He was able to withdraw from some of his teaching duties, which must have been a relief, and devote his time to writing.
The Times Literary Supplement
In addition to his teaching duties he supervised sports and ran the school's drama society.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
violate a duty
Meanwhile, there are essentially no effective sanctions for prosecutors who violate their duty and ethics.
The Times Literary Supplement
This stopped a former friend of the artiste from publishing material about her in a book, on the basis that the author had violated a duty of confidence.
Times, Sunday Times
He was accused with insult, influence of a fair trial and violating the duty to observe secrecy.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
Conflict of interest rules are intended to prevent officials from making decisions in circumstances that could reasonably be perceived as violating this duty of office.
Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0
The directors violated their duties as directors by issuing shares for the purpose of preventing the takeover.
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Translations:
Chinese: 关税
Japanese: 任務
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