First, economists have found that education level, schools and universities attended and the kind of degree you get are strong predictors of success as measured by income.

However, its terms will be broadened, with an increasing emphasis on those studying part-time for workbased, shorter foundation degrees or studying at home and for higher education level apprenticeships.

Among their many failings, the reporting measures do not take into account job, background, education level, age or years of experience.

These exist from the secondary education level and up.

Usually there are at least two national union confederations, one for academically educated and one for branches with lower education level.