Themes include: bedrock geology, surficial geology, mineral resource data, groundwater aquifer data, geophysical and geochemical data, bedrock topography and overburden thickness, plus many more themes.

In the 1960s, more and more groundwater aquifers developed.

Hydraulic fracturing opponents fear that it can lead to contamination of groundwater aquifers, though the industry deems this highly unlikely.

This has led to the development of biochemical and biomolecular markers for assessing intrinsic biodegradation occurring in difficult to access groundwater aquifers.

Sea level rise brings risk to coastal groundwater aquifers, which increases vulnerability to saline intrusion (8).