It devalues the debate we need about how to assess data that, for all their faults, provide the least bad way of assessing public opinion.

One criticism of the 2008 paper concerns a muddled series of questions that ask students to assess data about the altitude of satellites and their period of orbit.

Profiling helps not only to understand anomalies and to assess data quality, but also to discover, register, and assess enterprise metadata.

After assessing data to ensure the system had no short circuit, the breaker was reset and pump reactivated.

For preprocessing, this includes compensating for spectral overlap, transforming data onto scales conducive to visualization and analysis, assessing data for quality, and normalizing data across samples and experiments.