Material flow calculations are routinely used in numerous engineering applications.

The norm seeks to provide a universally recognized paradigm for practitioners and companies employing material flow cost accounting.

Acoustic cleaners help maintain material flow and also prevent blockages in the pre grind silos.

Before powerful computers were available, most problems of material flow simulation have been solved by means of queuing theory and operations research methods.

Trophic dynamics became the foundation for much of the work to follow on energy and material flow through ecosystems.