At times, these roles can be fulfilled through nonverbal signals, including silence.

There was less disjunction between what he was trying to say and his nonverbal signals.

In face-to-face communication nonverbal signals accomplish the same task.

Since then, other studies have analysed the relative contribution of verbal and nonverbal signals under more naturalistic situations.

Leakage refers to communicative incidents in which nonverbal signals betray the true content of contradictory verbal messages.