| 单词 | on |
| 释义 | on pronunciation note: The preposition is pronounced (ɒn ). The adverb and the adjective are pronounced (ɒn ).In addition to the uses shown below, on is used after some verbs, nouns, and adjectives in order to introduce extra information. On is also used in phrasal verbs such as 'keep on', 'cotton on', and 'sign on'. 1. preposition A1 If someone or something is on a surface or object, the surface or object is immediately below them and is supporting their weight. He is sitting beside her on the sofa. On top of the cupboards are vast straw baskets which Pat uses for dried flower arrangements. On the table were dishes piled high with sweets. The cushions were soft blue to match the Chinese rug on the floor. Synonyms: on top of, supported by, resting on, in contact with 2. preposition A1 If something is on a surface or object, it is stuck to it or attached to it. I admired the peeling paint on the ceiling. The clock on the wall showed one minute to twelve. There was a smear of gravy on his chin. On is also an adverb. I know how to darn, and how to sew a button on. 3. preposition A1 If you put, throw, or drop something on a surface, you move it or drop it so that it is then supported by the surface. He got his winter jacket from the closet and dropped it on the sofa. He threw a folded dollar on the counter. 4. preposition A1 You use on to say what part of your body is supporting your weight. He continued to lie on his back and look at clouds. He raised himself on his elbows, squinting into the sun. She was on her hands and knees in the bathroom. 5. preposition A1 You use on to say that someone or something touches a part of a person's body. He leaned down and kissed her lightly on the mouth. His jaw was broken after he was hit on the head. 6. preposition B1 If someone has a particular expression on their face, their face has that expression. The maid looked at him, a nervous smile on her face. She looked at him with a hurt expression on her face. 7. adverb [ADVERB after verb] A2 When you put a piece of clothing on, you place it over part of your body in order to wear it. If you have it on, you are wearing it. He put his coat on while she opened the front door. I had a hat on. 8. preposition B2 You can say that you have something on you if you are carrying it in your pocket or in a bag. I didn't have any money on me. I have those numbers, but not on me at the moment, they're at home. 9. preposition B1 If someone's eyes are on you, they are looking or staring at you. Everyone's eyes were fixed on him. It's as if all eyes are focused on me. Ellen is eating, her eyes on her food. 10. preposition B2 If you hurt yourself on something, you accidentally hit a part of your body against it and that thing causes damage to you. Mr Pendle hit his head on a wall as he fell. She cut her hand on a broken glass. 11. preposition A2 If you are on an area of land, you are there. He was able to spend only a few days at a time on the island. You lived on the farm until you came back to America? ...a tall tree on a mountain. ...their winter retreat on Barbados. I've eaten ostrich meat on the continent. 12. preposition A2 If something is situated on a place such as a road or coast, it forms part of it or is by the side of it. The company has opened a men's store on Fifth Avenue. The hotel is on the coast. He visited relatives at their summer house on the river. 13. preposition A2 If you get on a bus, train, or plane, you go into it in order to travel somewhere. If you are on it, you are travelling in it. We waited till twelve and we finally got on the plane. I never go on the bus into the town. His son came up with me to Birmingham every day on the train. On is also an adverb. He showed his ticket to the conductor and got on. 14. preposition A1 If there is something on a piece of paper, it has been written or printed there. The writing on the back of the card was cramped but scrupulously neat. The numbers she put on the chart were 98.4, 64, and 105. How does a poem change when you read it out loud as opposed to it being on the page? 15. preposition A2 If something is on a list, it is included in it. I've seen your name on the list of deportees. Nutritionists placed certain seafood dishes on the list of foods to limit or avoid. ...the range of topics on the agenda for their talks. 16. preposition B1 Books, discussions, or ideas on a particular subject are concerned with that subject. The longest chapter in almost any book on baby care is on feeding. They offer a free counselling service which can offer help and advice on legal matters. He declined to give any information on the Presidential election. The ambassador's comments on the U.S. decision were relatively restrained. 17. preposition B2 You use on to introduce the method, principle, or system which is used to do something. ...a television that we bought on credit two months ago. ...a levelling system which acts on the same principle as a spirit level. They want all groups to be treated on an equal basis. 18. preposition B1 If something is done on an instrument or a machine, it is done using that instrument or machine. ...songs that I could just sit down and play on the piano. I could do all my work on the computer. She sewed the dresses on the sewing machine. 19. preposition B1 If information is, for example, on tape or on computer, that is the way that it is stored. Tourists try, and fail, to capture the view on film. Descriptions of the pieces have been logged on computer by the Art Loss Register. 20. preposition A2 If something is being broadcast, you can say that it is on the radio or television. Every sporting event on television and satellite over the next seven days is listed. Here, listen, they're talking about it on Radio-Paris right now. On is also an adjective. ...teenagers complaining there's nothing good on. 21. adjective [verb-link ADJECTIVE] B1 When an activity is taking place, you can say that it is on. There's a marvellous match on at Wimbledon at the moment. Every year they put a play on at Saint Holy Cross Church. We in Berlin hardly knew a war was on during the early part of 1941. 22. adverb [ADVERB after verb] B2 You use on in expressions such as 'have a lot on' and 'not have very much on' to indicate how busy someone is. [spoken] I have a lot on in the next week. 23. preposition B1 You use on to introduce an activity that someone is doing, particularly travelling. I've always wanted to go on a cruise. They look happy and relaxed as they stroll in the sunshine on a shopping trip. Students on the full-time course of study are usually sponsored. He died suddenly while on a skiing holiday with his family in Val d'Isere. 24. adverb [be ADVERB, ADVERB after verb] B1 When something such as a machine or an electric light is on, it is functioning or in use. When you switch it on, it starts functioning. The light was on and the door was open. The central heating's been turned off. I've turned it on again. The light had been left on. He didn't bother to switch on the light. Synonyms: functioning, working, operating, in use 25. preposition If you are on a committee or council, you are a member of it. Claire and Beryl were on the organizing committee. He was on the Council of Foreign Relations. 26. preposition A1 You can indicate when something happens by saying that it happens on a particular day or date. This year's event will take place on June 19th, a week earlier than usual. She travels to Japan on Monday. I was born on Christmas day. Dr. Keen arrived about seven on Sunday morning. 27. preposition You use on when mentioning an event that was followed by another one. She waited in her hotel to welcome her children on their arrival from London. On reaching Dubai, the evacuees are taken straight to Dubai international airport. 28. adverb [ADVERB after verb] B2 You use on to say that someone is continuing to do something. They walked on in silence for a while. If the examination shows your company enjoys basically good health, read on. He happened to be in England when the war broke out and he just stayed on. 29. adverb [be ADVERB, ADVERB after verb] If you say that someone goes on at you, you mean that they continually criticize you, complain to you, or ask you to do something. She's been on at me for weeks to show her round the stables. [+ at] He used to keep on at me about the need to win. [+ at] He'll go on at me for telling. She hadn't learned to drive, but she had kept going on at him to let her try. 30. adverb [from n ADV] You use on in expressions such as from now on and from then on to indicate that something starts to happen at the time mentioned and continues to happen afterwards. Perhaps it would be best not to see much of you from now on. We can expect trouble from this moment on. Morrison took the news badly and from then on his spirits noticeably sagged. 31. adverb [adv ADV] You often use on after the adverbs 'early', 'late', ' far', and their comparative forms, especially at the beginning or end of a sentence, or before a preposition. The market square is a riot of colour and animation from early on in the morning. Later on I learned how to read music. The pub where I had arranged to meet Nobby was a good five minutes walk further on. 32. preposition Someone who is on a drug takes it regularly. She was on antibiotics for an eye infection that wouldn't go away. Many of the elderly are on medication. 33. preposition B2 If you live on a particular kind of food, you eat it. If a machine runs on a particular kind of power or fuel, it uses it in order to function. The caterpillars feed on a wide range of trees, shrubs and plants. He lived on a diet of water and tinned fish. The system could be used to ensure that cars are converted to run on unleaded petrol. ...making and selling vehicles that run on batteries or fuel-cells. 34. preposition If you are on a particular income, that is the income that you have. ...young people who are unemployed or on low wages. He's on three hundred a week. You won't be rich as an MP, but you'll have enough to live on. 35. preposition Taxes or profits that are obtained from something are referred to as taxes or profits on it. ...a general strike to protest a tax on food and medicine last week. The Church was to receive a cut of the profits on every record sold. Loans were extended to help pay the interest on the old ones. 36. preposition B2 When you buy something or pay for something, you spend money on it. I resolved not to waste money on a hotel. He spent more on feeding the dog than he spent on feeding himself. More money should be spent on education and housing. 37. preposition B2 When you spend time or energy on a particular activity, you spend time or energy doing it. People complain about how children spend so much time on computer games. You all know why I am here. So I won't waste time on preliminaries. ...the opportunity to concentrate more time and energy on America's domestic agenda. 38. not on/just not on phrase If you say that something is not on or is just not on, you mean that it is unacceptable or impossible. [mainly British, informal] We shouldn't use the police in that way. It's just not on. 39. on and on phrase If you say that something happens on and on, you mean that it continues to happen for a very long time. ...designers, builders, fitters–the list goes on and on. Lobell drove on and on through the dense and blowing snow. ...a desert of ice stretching on and on. Synonyms: interminably, for a long time, for ages, continuously 40. what sb is (going) on about phrase If you ask someone what they are on about or what they are going on about, you are puzzled because you cannot understand what they are talking about. [British, informal] What on earth are you going on about? Honest, Kate, I don't know what you're on about. 41. know what sb is on about phrase If you say that someone knows what they are on about, you are confident that what they are saying is true or makes sense, for example because they are an expert. [British, informal] It looks like he knows what he's on about. 42. have sth on sb phrase If someone has something on you, they have evidence that you have done something wrong or bad. If they have nothing on you, they cannot prove that you have done anything wrong or bad. [informal] Secret services now had something on her if they needed it. You've got nothing on me and you know it. Your theory would never stand up in a court of law. 43. be on sb phrase If you say that something is on someone, you mean that it is their responsibility or their fault. [informal] He panicked in his team selection and tactics, so that defeat was on him. If you play poorly, as Anton did, then that is on you. If it doesn't work out, it's all on me. 44. on behalf of phrase If you do something on someone's behalf, you do it for that person as their representative. The form in someone's behalf is also used, mainly in American English. She made an emotional public appeal on her son's behalf. Secret Service officer Robin Thompson spoke on behalf of his colleagues. 45. on and off phrase If something happens on and off, or off and on, it happens occasionally, or only for part of a period of time, not in a regular or continuous way. I was still working on and off as a waitress to support myself. We lived together, off and on, for two years. Synonyms: occasionally, sometimes, at times, from time to time 46. and so on phrase B2 You use and so on or and so forth at the end of a list to indicate that there are other items that you could also mention. ...subjective ideas of happiness, such as health, wealth, being loved and so on. The patient can have apples, apple juice, apple sauce, and so forth. 47. on top of phrase B1+ If one thing is on top of another, it is placed over it or on its highest part. ...the vacuum flask that was resting on top of the stove. [+ of] ...the fairy on top of the Christmas tree. Place the sliced chicken fillet on top and pour a little sauce over it. Idioms: what planet is someone on? or what planet does someone come from? said to mean that you think someone has crazy ideas, or behaves in a very strange way, or does not understand something at all How on earth do they expect me to fund a nanny? What planet are they on?' Easy Learning Idioms Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers Translations: Chinese: 在上, 在...之上 Japanese: 物の上に載って, ･･･の上に |
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