单词 | agglutination |
释义 | agglutinationn. 1. Medicine and Surgery. a. Apposition or adhesion of the surfaces of a wound during healing; the action or process of encouraging or accomplishing this by medical or surgical means; an instance of this. In later use also: adhesion, or the formation of adhesions, between surfaces within the body; an instance of this. Cf. glutination n. 1, conglutination n. 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > treatments uniting or replacing parts > [noun] > uniting fractures, wounds, etc. > uniting wound agglutination?1541 concarnation1638 ?1541 R. Copland Galen's Fourth Bk. Terapeutyke sig. Ciijv, in Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens The causes that let and hyndre the agglutynacyon [Fr. lagglutination]. 1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. x. xxv. 383 But such a suture will helpe nothing to agglutination, if there lye or remaine any skin betweene the lips of the wound. 1678 J. Browne Compl. Disc. Wounds lxiv. 299 Fallopius writes that he saw an Empirick who sold this Oyl for agglutinations of wounds, and this being applied to the deepest stabs, within the space of twenty four hours it cures infallibly. 1703 J. Moyle Experienced Chirurgion iii. i. 150 There are two general Intentions, viz. Agglutination and Concarnation. Most of simple Wounds are cured by the first of these. 1786 T. Kirkland Inq. Present State Med. Surg. II. 272 He supposes, very rationally, that its not healing by agglutination..was from the alteration the ichor had begun to make at the bottom of the wound. 1818 S. Cooper Dict. Pract. Surg. (ed. 3) 643/1 The invaginated portion of intestine sometimes sloughs.., while the agglutination of the parts preserves the continuity of the intestinal canal. 1870 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 17 Dec. 651/1 It passed up between the convolutions of the intestine, causing acute inflammation and agglutination of all the parts in the region affected. 1915 A. B. Johnson Operative Therapeusis I. 5 Our suture should be such a size and strength and so placed as to serve only until agglutination and repair be well established. 1946 Amer. Jrnl. Obstetr. & Gynecol. 52 60 Two patients were aborted incidentally during operations for extensive pelvic agglutinations and large ovarian cysts. 1967 C. P. Artz & J. D. Hardy Complications Surg. (ed. 2) ii. 26/2 Up to five to eight days the so-called agglutination of the wound edges does not take place and tissue layers can be moved upon each other. 2003 Jrnl. Pediatric & Adolescent Gynecol. 16 61/1 Adhesions between the labia lead to fusion (agglutination) across midline, resulting in compromise of the urethral and vaginal openings. ΚΠ ?1545 C. Langton Introd. Phisycke f. liiiv Nutrition..is the assimilation or makynge lyke of that that norysheth, to that which is nouryshed, the whyche to be done as there must nedes go before, agglutination or adhesion. 1650 H. Brooke Υγιεινη 29 For how is Nutrition performed, but by agglutination and Assimilation, by making the food one and the same with the body. 1694 W. Salmon tr. Y. van Diemerbroeck Anat. Human Bodies (new ed.) i. 341/1 That there are Four Things necessary to perfect Nutrition. 1. The Alimentary Juice it self. 2. The Apposition of this Juice. 3. Then its Agglutination. 4. And lastly, Its Assimilation. 1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. I. 69/1 Agglutination, among physicians, signifies either the adherence of new substance, or the giving of a glutinous consistence to the animal fluids, whereby they become more fit for nourishing the body. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > joint > joints > [noun] > joints of skull commissure?a1425 lambdac1475 sagittal suture (addition, commissure)?1541 coronal suture1543 sagit?1550 garland-seam1576 commissary1577 agglutination1578 skull-seam1605 lambdoidal suture (commissure)1653 transverse suture1741 orbitar1782 pterion1878 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 9 The bones of the temples..are equally circumscribed with scalie Agglutinations. 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 937 Aboue the forehead as farre as to the scaly agglutinations. 1678 J. Browne Compl. Disc. Wounds xxi. 119 The first two are planted above the Ears, one on either side, above the Petrosa; these rather deserve to be nominated Scaly Agglutinations. 1726 A. Monro Anat. Humane Bones 72 The squamous Agglutinations or false Sutures are one of each Side, a little above the Ear. 1784 A. Hamilton Outl. Theory & Pract. Midwifery i. i. 21 The three portions of bone..are connected posteriorly..by thick cartilaginous agglutinations. 3. The action or process of agglutinating or adhering together; the state of adhesion or cohesion. Also in extended use. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > [noun] > close, intimate, or permanent joining > cohesion coagmentation1578 coherency1603 coherence1604 conglutination1607 agglutination1614 cementation1660 cohesion1678 1614 Bp. J. King Vitis Palatina 28 God so ordered the matter betwixt them, that this adhæsion and agglutination of one to the other [sc. man to woman] should be perpetuall. 1656 R. Vines Treat. Inst. Lords-Supper xxxiii. 361 Reputed Christians and believers, by an outward profession and agglutination. 1712 J. M. tr. J. Freind Chym. Lect. 136 And this Agglutination of Parts is to be seen many Liquors, but most of all in Saline ones. 1797 Weekly Entertainer 6 Nov. 376 The platina was exposed to the heat of the glass-houses at Sevres for five days and nights altogether, without any other alteration than the agglutination of its grains together. 1833 Dublin Penny Jrnl. 7 Dec. 180/1 The process being carried on under ground, the precise means by which the agglutination of the clay had been effected, was not ascertained. 1878 F. J. Bell & E. R. Lankester tr. C. Gegenbaur Elements Compar. Anat. 83 Some are distinguished by the agglutination of foreign bodies—cemented grains of sand. 1911 M. Fishberg Jews, Race & Environment xiv. 317 Plica Polonica, or Weichselzopf in German is, as its name implies, a disease, mostly met with in Poland along the banks of the Vistula, characterized by the agglutination of the hairs which are infested with vermin. 1961 D. F. Aberle in D. M. Schneider & K. Gough Matrilineal Kinship ii. 112 Since no legislative act imposed this grouping on the Navahos, it is probable that two processes are at work to prevent the agglutination of very large clans. 1998 A. K. Shukla et al. Biol. Pollen 61 Sticky pollen-kitt also helps in the agglutination of pollen grains to form aggregates. 4. Something that is agglutinated, adhered, or fixed together; a mass or group formed by the adhesion of separate elements, a consolidation, cluster. Frequently in extended or figurative contexts. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > mass formed by collection of particles aggregatea1425 aggregation1547 concentration1606 compositure1632 collective1655 conglomeration1697 agglutination1743 1743 F. Walsh Antediluvian World 114 The Mountains, Hills, Rocks, and other rising Ground, are not meer Agglutinations, or contiguous parts of the Earth. 1823 tr. A. von Humboldt Geognostical Ess. Superposition Rocks 202 We give the name of breccias, or conglomerates, with large primitive fragments.., to the various agglutinations of pieces of granite, gneiss, and syenite. 1831 S. Smith in Lady Holland Mem. (1855) II. 314 Where is it to end? Are all political agglutinations to be unglued? 1846 G. Grote Hist. Greece II. ii. ii. 344 Sparta was..but a mere agglutination of five adjacent villages. 1877 F. T. Roberts Handbk. Med. (ed. 3) I. 50 The formation of thickenings, adhesions, or agglutinations in connection with the membrane. 1920 C. H. C. Wright French Classicism i. v. 52 Montaigne's early essays are seen to be impersonal agglutinations of anecdotes illustrative of a moral observation. 1950 Life 27 Nov. 81/1 Andrew Mellon..presided over one of the richest agglutinations of capitalist enterprises ever put together. 1974 A. R. Ammons Sphere 18 Groups form—it's natural—agglutinations, a center shaping, a core center of command and focus. 1994 Amer. Spectator Apr. 14/3 The largest agglutination of sleaze since the Nixon administration. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > star > star-matter > [noun] > stellar process agglutination1753 nebularizationa1892 fission1919 carbon cycle1940 r-process1956 s-process1956 nucleosynthesis1957 starquake1969 the world > the universe > star > stellar motion > [noun] > meeting agglutination1753 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Agglutination is used by some Astronomers to denote the meeting of two or more stars in the same part of the zodiac. Agglutination is more peculiarly understood of the seeming coalition of several stars, so as to form a nebulous star. 6. Linguistics. The morphological process of successively adding affixes to a root in order to form a compound, contrasted as a mode of word-formation or of the expression of complex ideas with inflection or the use of isolated elements.Agglutination is a particular characteristic of certain non-Indo-European languages, including (for example) Hungarian, Nahuatl, Korean, Japanese, and Turkish. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > word-formation > [noun] > compounding > agglutination agglutination1818 parathesis1837 1818 H. M. Williams tr. A. von Humboldt Personal Narr. Trav. III. iii. ix. 264 An increase which we have already mentioned several times under the name of agglutination [Fr. aglutination] or incorporation. 1830 S. T. Coleridge Table-talk 7 May The Platt-Deutsch was a compact language like the English, not admitting much agglutination. 1870 F. W. Farrar Families of Speech iv. 170 Agglutination may be described as that principle of linguistic structure which consists in the mere placing of unaltered roots side by side. 1915 A. Werner Lang.-families Afr. iii. 36 None of these points must be taken absolutely; we have already seen that we rarely get a language of perfectly pure type, an isolating one which does not show the beginnings of agglutination, or an agglutinating one which has no real inflexions. 1949 W. D. Elcock in R. L. Ritchie Stud. in French Lang. 43 The authors of the Dicziunari Rumantsch Grischun select, however, as type, a form agôr, and, allowing for the possibility of agglutination of prefixes, this form would certainly appear to be the more primitive. 1992 Eng. Today Oct. 27/2 Example b [Nisamcheki hedi I have seen the headmaster] is a typical example of agglutination in Kiswahili where subject, tense, object and verb are all in one word. 7. Medicine and Biology. The process by which cells, microorganisms, or particles form insoluble clumps in the presence of antibody or certain other substances, or in certain conditions; the state produced by this process. Frequently attributive.Agglutination forms the basis of many diagnostic tests, esp. for infectious diseases, and of blood typing. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > immunogenesis > [noun] > agglutination agglutination1896 autoagglutination1903 haemagglutination1907 isoagglutination1907 isohaemagglutination1907 hetero-agglutination1913 isoagglutinating1921 the world > health and disease > healing > diagnosis or prognosis > tests > [noun] > specific test pneobiomantia1846 blood test1851 drug test1863 Romberg test1872 Rinne1881 Romberg's sign1884 tuberculin test1892 guaiac test1894 agglutination1896 percolation test1899 Pirquet test1908 skin test1908 Wassermann1909 Romberg1915 Pandy('s) test1916 glucose tolerance test1917 Kolmer1921 patch test1922 skin testing1923 provocation1924 Kolmer–Wassermann1925 Queckenstedt1928 Kline1929 Prausnitz–Küstner1929 cross-match1930 Mantoux test1931 paraffin test1935 Paul–Bunnell test1935 stress test1937 Burpee test1939 lepromin test1939 patch testing1941 pinprick1941 breath test1945 provocation test1948 protamine titration1949 Coombs test1950 smear test1950 Schilling test1955 tanned-(red-)cell1956 amniocentesis1958 Pap smear1963 Pap test1963 drugs test1967 Schultz–Charlton1974 amnio1984 cross-matching- 1896 Lancet 2 May 1258/1 If cultures of bacteria are mixed with this immunised serum these bacteria become altered in a very remarkable way, losing their mobility and collecting in masses. This state is called by Professor Gruber agglutination. 1915 Lancet 13 Nov. 1086/2 The agglutination test..gave a positive result in practically every case of enteric fever. 1953 R. W. Fairbrother Text-bk. Bacteriol. (ed. 7) x. 130 The agglutination of red blood corpuscles by serum is termed hæmagglutination and frequently constitutes an examination of great importance in medico-legal work. 1972 McGraw-Hill Yearbk. Sci. & Technol. 142/2 The agglutinin used in this experiment was..a molecule which binds to the cell surface with its one remaining active site but which cannot cause agglutination because it lacks a second active site. 1997 K. Reichs Déjà Dead xxxvi. 429 Some antibodies blow up foreign antigens, others clump them together. That clumping is called an agglutination reaction. 2010 G. Daniels & I. Bromilow Essent. Guide Blood Groups (ed. 2) ii. 10 An IgG molecule can therefore cross-link the two cells and produce agglutination. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?1541 |
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