请输入您要查询的英文单词:

 

单词 catastrophism
释义

catastrophismn.

/kəˈtastrəfɪz(ə)m/
Etymology: < catastrophe n. 3 + -ism suffix.
The theory that certain geological and biological phenomena were caused by catastrophes, or sudden and violent disturbances of nature, rather than by continuous and uniform processes.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > earth sciences > theory of formation of earth > [noun] > violent disturbance
catastrophism1869
1869 Huxley in Sci. Opinion 21 Apr. 464/1 By Catastrophism I mean any form of geological speculation which..supposes the operation of forces different in their nature..from those which we at present see in action.
1883 H. Drummond Nat. Law in Spiritual World 19 It was the Geology of Catastrophism.
figurative.1885 Cent. Mag. 31 68 The Craig household..was conducted on the theory of ‘catastrophism’ rather than that of ‘uniform law’.

Draft additions June 2004

The theory that social and political change occurs in sudden and violent upheavals.
ΚΠ
1923 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 28 734 Little by little the conclusion gathered the force of demonstration in social science that, whatever may prove to be more particular principles of human relationships, gradualism rather than catastrophism is the universal manner of social cause and effect.
1953 Amer. Polit. Sci. Rev. 47 41 Bipartisanship helps to create and to strengthen stereotypes which inhibit thought and breed violent emotion. Inevitably it becomes the handmaid of a dogma of utopian catastrophism.
1961 A. Schlesinger in Internat. Affairs 38 (1962) 133 The whole point of the New Deal lay in its faith in ‘the exercise of Democracy’, its belief in gradualness, its rejection of catastrophism.
1976 Philos. & Public Affairs 5 321 Rejecting what he calls Marx's catastrophism and asserting that socialism is developing inside capitalist society, Bernstein substitutes for Marxist theory of transition to socialism a theory closer to Marx's theory of transition to capitalism.
1999 Boundary 2 26 236 Both of these contemporary theories of decolonizing nationalism are disillusioned and sobering. They do not exhibit the catastrophism and eschatology of a Marx or a Fanon.

Draft additions June 2004

[after Polish katastrofizm (A. Hertz 1932, in Droga No. 6).] A literary movement characterized by its pessimistic vision, associated with the Żagary group of poets in Poland in the 1930s.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary world > [noun] > literary movements or theories
romanticism1821
romantism1828
naturalism1845
realism1856
sensationism1862
symbolism1866
classicisma1878
eroticism1881
impressionism1883
sensitivism1891
verism1892
neoclassicism1893
veritism1894
social realism1898
neo-realism1908
futurism1909
Félibrism1911
postmodernism1914
vorticism1914
Dada1918
Dadaism1918
Scythism1921
Scythianism1923
Russian Formalism1925
surrealism1927
Neue Sachlichkeit1929
populism1930
Sachlichkeit1930
dirty realism1931
ultraism1932
thingism1935
formalism1943
organicism1945
lettrism1946
New Wave1960
socialist realism1967
catastrophism1969
pointillism1972
po-mo1986
1969 C. Milosz Hist. Polish Lit. 405 Cosmic visions of a doomsday made their appearances in poems, treated sometimes with solemnity, sometimes with macabre buffoonery. To some of these poets, the term ‘catastrophism’ has been applied.
1988 E. Możejko in Between Anxiety & Hope 3 The singularity of Miłosz's poetic pronouncement was classified by literary critics as belonging to the ‘second avant-garde’; its early phase was defined as catastrophism.
1999 Partisan Rev. 66 25 There has always been Milosz's work a fundamental element of catastrophism, a grave open-eyed lucidity about the twentieth century.

Draft additions June 2004

The interpretation of events as disastrous; pessimism.
ΚΠ
1996 National Rev. 31 Dec. 35/2 An increase in catastrophism. Militias, survivalists, paramilitary confraternities: all these groups will increase in an effort to forge a protective community ranged against whatever forces of darkness..they fear.
2001 Technol. Rev. 104 39/1 The good news..is that there is little call for catastrophism. The country's sheer size and the distributed nature of many aspects of the infrastructure..limit the amount of disruption any single terrorist group could cause.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online September 2018).
<
n.1869
随便看

 

英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。

 

Copyright © 2004-2022 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2025/1/11 23:11:27