The theory or practice of protecting domestic industries from foreign competition by the restriction or discouragement of imports, esp. through…

Political Economy. The combination of a number of persons, or of a community, for purposes of economic production or distribution, so as to save…

gen. The reform of a tariff, or of existing tariff conditions; spec. (Historical) in U.S. politics, ‘a reform favouring a general reduction of…

fiscal harmonization between several nations or states, chiefly in conjunction with the adoption of a single currency; (esp. in later use) spec.…

(a) originally U.S., defence or surveillance of the border of a nation or territory, (now) esp. in order to prevent illegal immigration; (b) (in…

Chiefly Economics and Sociology. The action, fact, or process of applying rational methods of analysis or planning to economic or social…

(a) the fixing of a tariff; (b) conversion to a pro-tariff party.

an agitation in favour of a tariff.

The condition or fact of being inflated; the policy of inflating the currency. Also transferred and figurative.

A programme of limited capitalism and private enterprise in the Soviet Union from 1921 until 1928, between war communism (see war, n.1 compounds…

an economic policy, based on strict centralized control of the economy, adopted by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War (1917–22).

an economic policy perceived as being unrealistic and ill-advised, esp. a policy of maintaining or increasing levels of public spending while…

A system or method of analysis founded on experience, evidence, and observation, in preference to theory; (Cultural Anthropology, Sociology, and Econ…

The action of sterilizing. Also figurative, esp. in Economics (cf. sense 6).

expenditure (esp. governmental) which is in excess of revenue, and is financed by borrowing rather than by taxation.

the financing of (esp. government) expenditure in excess of revenue, with the difference made up by borrowing; cf. pump-priming, n.

A policy, usually associated with the political left, of increasing taxes (esp. income tax) in order to fund an increase in government spending…

An adjustment in rates of payment in money (e.g. wage-rates, bond prices, etc.) to reflect changes in the value of money by means of an index of…

Economics. A stop-go policy; the economic cycle resulting from this.

a policy introduced in the U.K. by the Labour Government of 1964–70 for the control of inflation by attempting to restrict increases in wages…

In Italy, a system of wage indexation introduced in 1945 whereby earnings are linked by a sliding scale to rises in the retail price index.

Any of various economic measures introduced to increase the amount of money circulating in an economy; (also) an increase of this type. Now: spec.…

name applied to a policy, first associated with the administration of President Lyndon Johnson (1963–1969), of urging management and union…

The economic policies of Richard Nixon.

An economic policy concerned with improving the economy, and thus national autonomy, of an underdeveloped country by fostering the development of…

A policy of reducing levels of production and consumption in an economy to sustainable levels, in order to conserve resources and minimize…

(transitive) to protect from the effects of monetary inflation; so inflation-proofing.

National Enterprise Board, a board established in 1975 to invest in and operate state-owned businesses (merged with the National Research…

The action or process of basing the value of a national currency upon that of the U.S. dollar; also, the tendency of an economy to become…

the management of large amounts of money so as to take maximum advantage of tax exemptions, credit arrangements, etc.

With singular agreement. The economic policies of Roger Douglas, associated esp. with a non-interventionist, free-market approach to economic…