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Christendomn. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: christen adj., -dom suffix. Etymology: < christen adj. + -dom suffix. Compare later Christianity n., which was originally synonymous but is now distinguished in sense.Compare Old Frisian kristendōm (West Frisian kristendom ), Middle Low German kristendōm , Middle High German kristentuom (German Christentum ), Old Icelandic kristindómr (also as two words kristinn dómr ; Icelandic kristindómur ), Old Swedish kristindomber (Swedish kristendom ), Old Danish kristindōm , kristænsdōm (Danish kristendom ), all in the senses ‘Christian religion’ and ‘Christians collectively’ (except in modern German, where the word means only ‘Christian religion’); in Old Frisian and Middle Low German, and formerly in the Scandinavian languages, also in the sense ‘baptism’. Specific forms. With the β. forms compare β. forms at christen adj. and n. Specific senses. In sense 5 perhaps by confusion with chrism n. Abbreviations. For a discussion of the abbreviated forms, see Christ n. and X n. 10. society > faith > sect > Christianity > person > [noun] > condition OE Ælfric (Julius) (1900) II. 364 Se is geutlagod and lið him on digelan for his cristendome. c1225 (?c1200) (Bodl.) (1940) l. 479 Forsaken..crist & hire cristendom & rihte bileaue. a1438 (1940) i. 7 (MED) Þe deuelys..bodyn hir sche schuld forsake hir Crystendam, hir feyth, and denyin hir God. 1529 T. More Dialogue Heresyes iv, in 259/2 A christen mannes euill liuing, can not be imputed to hys christendome. 1642 Bp. J. Taylor xix Any man that would not have his Christendome suspected. 1681 R. Baxter ii. 13 Admitted to Christendom by baptism. 1874 Aug. 507 Many a time I have thought that their Christendom would be better, if they were as zealous and sure of obtaining for themselves the spiritum primitivæ Ecclesiæ [= spirit of the early church]. 1905 G. Vigfusson & F. Y. Powell tr. Landnáma-bóc in I. i. i. 236 Some held their Christendom well till their death-day [Icel. Héldo sumer vel Cristne til dauða-dags], but it did not often go on in the family. 1945 C. S. Lewis 60 How slowly and reluctantly I had come to admit that his Christendom had more than an accidental connexion with it, how hard I had tried not to see that the true name of the quality which first met me in his books is Holiness. 2. society > faith > sect > Christianity > [noun] OE Ælfric Old Test. Summary: Judges (Laud) Epil. in S. J. Crawford (1922) 415 Se cristendom weox wel on heora timan & þæt ealde deofolgild wearð adwæsced þurh hi. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris (1868) 1st Ser. 5 Seodþan þe cristindom wes, nefre ouer xii monþe nis hit undon. c1325 (c1300) (Calig.) 1526 Seinte peter..Pope was at rome verst cristendom to lere. a1500 (?c1450) iii. 55 Seth cristendom come first in-to this Ile. 1588 R. Parke tr. J. G. de Mendoza Comm. Notable Thinges in tr. J. G. de Mendoza 334 Many crosses and many other signes and tokens of Christendome. 1649 J. Ellistone tr. J. Böhme (1886) xxxiv. 16 The present Christendom is merely titular and verbal..; the heart is worse than when they were heathens. 1839 July 363 All mention is avoided of the clergy who first occupied them having brought Christendom to Lithuania. 1853 26 Nov. 345/2 He gave the parson a sound rating, and told him that Dorthe knew her Christendom as well as he did, though she could not read a book through word for word. 1961 E. Lessner & A. M. Lingg Lessner x. 69 Christendom did not take solid roots in Bavaria until late in the seventh century, after St. Emmeram, Bishop of Poitiers, France, came to the foreign land to teach the faith with fierce zeal. 2010 10 Dec. 12 The Holy Thorn tree on Wearyall Hill, in Glastonbury, Somerset, is regarded as one of Britain's most important symbols of Christendom. society > faith > worship > sacrament > [noun] > collectively OE Wulfstan Homily: Larspell (Corpus Cambr. 421) in A. S. Napier (1883) 271 Gif hit hwa gedon hæbbe, beo he utlah wið god and amansumad fram eallum cristendome. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1963) l. 6618 Nas næuere na ma[n] þat don þer mihte Cristin-dom þat mihte blessinge don in þan kinge. c1325 (c1300) (Calig.) 10209 Þe meste was, alas, þat þer nas no cristendom. 1635 E. Pagitt (1636) ii. vi. 62 Englands want of Churches and Christendome. 3. society > faith > sect > Christianity > person > [noun] > collective OE Ælfric Homily (Corpus Cambr. 188) in B. Assmann (1889) 25 Nu is ðes dæg gehalgod hyre to wurðmynte on eallum cristendome for hyre acennednysse. lOE (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1129 Nu wærð swa mycel dwyld on Cristendom swa it næfre ær ne wæs. 1340 (1866) 64 Hit is wonder hou þe cristendom hit þoleþ. a1425 J. Wyclif (1869) I. 395 To lede alle Cristyndoom to hevene. ?1551 T. Becon sig. Av Into how many sects is Christendome yet deuided? Ar not some called papists, some protestants, some Anabaptists, some sacramentaries? 1642 Bp. J. Taylor xiii. 70 If by..the successive practice of Christendom in imitation of this first Councell Apostolicall we may take our estimate. 1866 H. P. Liddon i. 1 The momentous question which..has rivetted the eye of thinking and adoring Christendom. 1918 Mar. 130 This month Christendom celebrates again the Supreme Sacrifice of the world. 2019 (Nexis) 17 Jan. 11 Those ‘believers’ who seem to think they represent the whole of Christendom. society > faith > sect > Christianity > person > [noun] > collective > part of OE tr. Orosius (Tiber.) (1980) i. viii. 27 Hwær is nu on ænigan cristendome betuh him sylfum þæt mon him þurfe swilc ondrædan, þæt hine mon ænigum godum blote? c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1978) l. 14655 And fordude al þisne Cristindom. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng (Petyt) (1996) ii. 2501 Who þan were worþi..ageyn þe paemy þe cristendam to saue. 1643 H. Wilkinson 7 Nor had the eyes of Protestant Christendom been so much fixed on this Parliament, if the horns of Papall Christendom had not pushed with such violence against this Parliament. 1700 v. 190 Nothing is more frequent all over the Roman Christendom, especially in Spain, Portugal, and Italy. 1877 Apr. 340 The expansive force in both northern and southern Christendom is immense... Has Islam any corresponding power of vital expansion..or is its vital force exhausted..so that, shut in between these two advancing Christendoms, it is destined to wither rapidly, and to vanish from the earth? 1984 B. Z. Kedar i. 12 The Christendoms, from Mesopotamia to Spain, that were subjected to Muslim rule, and the Byzantine Christendom. 1992 J. M. Kelly iii. 82 The schism of Greek or ‘Orthodox’ from Latin or ‘Catholic’ Christendom. society > faith > sect > Christianity > [noun] > domain of OE Ælfric Homily (Trin. Cambr. B.15.34) in J. C. Pope (1968) II. 520 He sylf lærde on Iudea lande, and his lar becom syððan to gehwylcum landum, swa swa hit fullcuð is, on Cristendome wide. c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 1397 in C. Horstmann (1887) 146 Þe pope het is clerkes..þoruȝ al cristindome Þat heo wit-seiden suyche luþere lawes. 1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith (1870) 36 Ȝef ony broþer or sister deye in straunge cuntre, in cristendom or in hethenesse. a1475 J. Fortescue (Laud) (1885) 130 Þe kynge off Spayne, on off the myghtiest kynges off Cristendome [1532 Digby 145 in Crystendome]. 1528 W. Tyndale f. lxxxiij There wold not be a foote of grounde in Christendome. 1592 R. Verstegan 34 His firme resolution was, for the generall defence of Christendome, to make warr against the Turk, and other Mahomertaines. a1627 T. Middleton (1661) v. i. 61 The King of Kirsendome Shall not be better welcome. 1718 Lady M. W. Montagu May (1965) I. 409 False Wittnesses are much cheaper than in Christendom. 1846 R. C. Trench Prelim. Ess. vi A Christendom ‘commensurate and almost synonymous with the civilized world’. 1860 J. L. Motley I. i. 24 The web of diplomatic negotiation and court-intrigue which had been slowly spreading over the leading states of Christendom. 1969 E. H. Pinto 173/2 Nativity figure tableaux have been and still are used in most parts of Christendom. 2014 A. G. Remensnyder in J. H. Arnold vi. 93 These maps..show how in the ninth and tenth centuries, the boundaries between Christendom and Islam remained fairly stable. society > faith > sect > Christianity > [noun] > dispensation a1400 (a1325) (Fairf. 14) 22268 Þer salle be a king..of al oþer kingis þe last..þer salle he ȝilde vp..þis coroun & his kingis wande til ihesu crist..& squa salle cristen-dome take ende. †4. society > faith > worship > sacrament > baptism > [noun] society > faith > worship > sacrament > baptism > kinds of baptism > Christian > [noun] c1300 St. Christopher (Harl.) l. 176 in F. J. Furnivall (1862) 64 Loude hi gradde, cristendom ȝef ous sone, Cristofre..cristnede hem þere. c1384 (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Rom. vi. 4 We ben to gidere biried with him bi cristendom [a1425 L.V. baptym] in to deeth. 1519 W. Horman i. f. 17v I was called wyllyam at my christendome. c1570 J. Leslie (1830) 78 The Quene partit with ane madin barne..and sone eftir the barne gat cristendome, deceissit. 1680 8 The unfortunate Infants..have no Christendom. 1750 T. Palmer 64 Have not men as much authority from God to Christen their ships, as to give Christendom to their infants? 1892 11 60 The service, or order, of making a catechumen, and that of giving Christendom to the catechumen, are two quite distinct services. the mind > language > naming > [noun] 1570 B. Googe tr. T. Kirchmeyer i. f. 14 Vnto God, to praye in generall, That he vouchsafe to graunt this bell, a happie christendome... Annoynted then it is..And where the Priest is pleasde..Then biddes he them declare the name, (for as they children name, So name they belles in euery poynt). 1592 T. Lodge sig. I3v He met with many so named [sc. named Philamis], who happy in t[h]eyr Christendome and name, were with such ceremonie intertained by him, as if he imagned by those friendly offices to inuite this absent Philamis to fauour him. 1596 T. Nashe sig. L3 How can he maintaine his peak in true christendome of rose-water euerie morning? a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) i. i. 170 A world Of pretty fond adoptious christendomes That blinking Cupid gossips. View more context for this quotation 1708 380 A Name [sc. Good Fellow] as common grown as Print, Or Hat trim'd up with Ribbon in't, Nay some their Christendom do stint unto it. society > faith > artefacts > consumables > oil > [noun] ?c1510 tr. sig. Eij That same tree, ther yt holy crestendom or olye out ronneth. Phrasesc1175 (Burchfield transcript) l. 11160 Þatt follc..shollde takenn crisstenndom. c1300 Holy Cross (Laud) l. 70 in C. Horstmann (1887) 3 Taken ichulle cristin-dom, ich for-sake here þe giwene lay. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland (Laud 581) (1869) B. xii. l. 280 Troianus was a trewe knyȝte and toke neuere cristendome, And he is sauf. c1480 (a1400) St. Julian l. 74 in W. M. Metcalfe (1896) I. 460 Crispine..bad slay Iulyane, For that he cristindome had tane. 1601 xlvi. sig. K3 Huon demaunded of the Admirall what he was minded to doe, if he would leaue the lawe of Mahound, and take christendome. 1905 G. Vigfusson & F. Y. Powell tr. I. i. 44 Then Bearne made a vow to take Christendom. the mind > language > malediction > oaths > [interjection] > religious oaths (referring to God) > (originally) with reference to Christianity c1380 (1879) l. 1906 ‘By þe cristendom þat y fong’ quaþ Terry. a1450 (?a1300) (Caius) (1810) l. 929 Sere, be my Crystyndham [1913 ed. Chrystyndam], I saw whenne he yede and cam. 1599 T. Nashe 60 The gaping rurall fooles..sware by their christendomes..they neuer sawe such a myracle. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iv. i. 16 By my Christendome,..I should be as merry as the day is long. View more context for this quotation c1632 sig. C3 I will by my Christendome, God willing. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart I. f. cclxxix/1 Outher shortly the towne of Gaunt, shall be the moost honoured towne in christendome, or els the moost desolate. 1594 W. Shakespeare ii. i. 130 Then Sander sit there, the lyingest knaue in Christendom. 1669 J. Dryden ii. i. 17 One of the errantest Cowards in Christendom. 1700 T. Brown x. 117 The best smoak'd Beef in Christendom. 1841 157 You are mine..by vows registered in Heaven, and which not all the power of all the uncles and aunts in christendom can make void. 1886 May 611/2 All the doctors in Christendom..can't save him. 1994 Oct. 10/2 Non-stop viewings of new and old films endured on the hardest seats in Christendom. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2020; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  n.OE |
