chandlern.¹

Brit.

/ˈtʃɑːndlə/,

/ˈtʃandlə/, U.S.

/ˈtʃæn(d)lər/

Forms: Middle English–1600s chaundeler, Middle English–1600s chandeler, 1500s–1600s chaundler, 1500s– chandler; (also Middle English condler, candeler(e, chaundeller, chaundlar, chawndelere, 1500s chandelar, chandellor, chandillar, 1600s chaundelor, chaundelour, shandeller, 1700s Scottish chanler, chan'ler).

Etymology: Middle English chaundeler , chandeler , < Anglo-Norman chandeler, Old French chandelier (= Provençal candelier , Italian candelliere ) < Latin type candel(l)ārius , < candel(l)a candle n.

†1. A stand or support for a candle, a candlestick; a chandelier. (Chiefly northern, now Obsolete)

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > support or holder for a candle > [noun]

chandler1398

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum vi. xxiv Candelis and oþer priketis beþ set on candelstikkis, and chaundelers.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1272 Þe chef chaundeler charged with þe lyȝt.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 60 Candelere, candelabra.

1547 in Spalding Club Misc. V. 313 Twa silver shandellers.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) ix. 59 He..reft the goldin alter, the chandelaris of lycht, and al the goldin veschel.

1552–3 Inventory Church Goods in Ann. Diocese Lichfield (1863) IV. 50 Ij chaundlers of woode.

1674 J. Ray N. Country Words Chaundler, a candlestick. Sheffield.

1733 A. Ramsay Clout Caldron i Have you any pots or pans Or any broken chandlers?

a. One whose trade it is to make or sell candles. (Also tallow-chandler n., wax-chandler n.)

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > selling > seller > sellers of specific things > [noun] > seller of candles

chandler1389

tallow-chandler1406

wax-chandler1418

tallower1882

the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > [noun] > one who makes or sells

chandler1389

wax-maker14..

tallow-chandler1406

wax-chandler1418

candle-maker1611

candle-wright1766

maggot-boiler1788

1389 Eng. Gilds (1870) 18 Y^ei shul bene at y^e Chaundelers by pryme of y^e day.

1464 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 160 To pay the chandeler that ffynd my lordys candyllis, xx.s.

1483 Cath. Angl. 52 A Candeler, candelarius.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1596 Cokes, condlers, coriours of ledur.

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. iii. 44 Lights as good cheape, at the dearest Chandlers in Europe.

1602 Returne fr. Parnassus (Arb.) Prol. 4 We haue promised the Copies to the Chandlers to wrappe his candles in.

1711 Act 10 Anne in London Gaz. 5031/6 Such Chandler or Maker of Candles.

1872 J. Yeats Nat. Hist. Commerce (rev. ed.) 269 The present number of chandlers in England is estimated at about 3,000.

†b. Formerly, an officer who superintended the supply of candles, etc., in a household.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > official of royal or great household > [noun] > official supplying candles

chandlera1475

a1475 Bk. Curtasye (Sloane 1986) l. 824 in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 326 Now speke I wylle a lytulle whyle Of þo chandeler, with-outen gyle.

1601 F. Tate Househ. Ord. Edward II (1876) §15 The serjant chaundeler shal receve the wax and lights..And the chaundelor shal make his liveree.

1860 Our Eng. Home 89.

3. In extended sense:

a. A retail dealer in provisions, groceries, etc.: often somewhat contemptuous.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > selling > seller > sellers of specific things > [noun] > seller of provisions

victualler1377

grocer1465

chandler1583

viander1598

sutler1710

provision man1859

1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. G7 Theod. Be there any Chandlers there?.. What do they sell for the most part? Amphil. Almost all things, as namelie butter, cheese, fagots, pots, pannes, candles, and a thousand other trinkets besides.

1664 G. Etherege Comical Revenge i. ii. 5 This morning the Chandler refus'd to score a quart of Scurvy-grass.

1723 London Gaz. No. 6172/9 Robert Collier..Chandler of Small Wares.

1820 W. Scott Monastery I. Answ. Introd. Ep. 68 Another steps into a chandler's shop to purchase a pound of butter.

1839 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz (new ed.) 359 The neighbours stigmatized him as a chandler.

1851 D. Jerrold St. Giles & St. James (new ed.) xxvi, in Writings I. 273 Revenge is..not to be meddled with in the spirit of a chandler.

b. In combinations = dealer, trader, as in corn-chandler n., ship-chandler n.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

chandler-shop n.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > trading place > place where retail transactions made > [noun] > shop > shops selling other specific goods

jeweller's shop1632

ironmongery1648

ironmonger1673

jeweller1675

news shop1688

print shop1689

Indian house1692

coal shed1718

pamphlet shop1721

lormery1725

drugstore1771

hardware store1777

junk store1777

chandler-shop1782

junk shop1790

music store1794

pot shop1794

finding store1822

marine store1837

picture house1838

paint shop1847

news agency1852

chemist1856

Army and Navy1878

cyclery1886

jumble-shop1893

pig shop1896

Manchester department1905

lot1909

craft shop1911

garden centre1912

pet shop1927

sex shop1949

video store1949

quincaillerie1951

home centre1955

Army-Navy1965

cookshop1967

sound shop1972

bucket-shop1973

1782 V. Knox Ess. No. 170 (1819) III. 249 The chandlershop-keeper.

1817 Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 18 Jan. 76 The ignorance of the Chandler-Shop Knights is equal to their impudence.

C2.

chandler-chafted adj. lantern-jawed.

ΚΠ

1785 Journ. fr. London 4 (Jam.) A chanler-chafted auld runk carlen.

chandler-chafts n. Scottish lantern jaws.

ΚΠ

1714 A. Ramsay Elegy John Cowper xii Shame fa' ye'r chandler-chafts, O Death!

1790 A. Wilson Poems 75 My sons, wi' chan'ler chafts gape roun', To rive my gear, my siller frae me.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

Chandlern.²

Brit.

/ˈtʃɑːndlə/,

/ˈtʃandlə/, U.S.

/ˈtʃæn(d)lər/

Etymology: < the name of S. C. Chandler (1846–1913), U.S. amateur astronomer.

Geophysics.

Used attributively with reference to a non-seasonal elliptical motion of the earth's poles of rotation with a variable period of approximately 14 months (reported by Chandler in 1891); as Chandler period, Chandler wobble.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > earth > [noun] > movement of earth > variation in

wobble1699

Chandler wobble1955

1955 Observatory Feb. 1 Efforts to find the Chandler period of the variation of latitude..go back over fifty years.

1958 A. E. Scheidegger Princ. Geodynamics iii. 107 An analysis of the observations on latitude variation yields that, after an annual term..has been taken out, a period of approximately 420 days exists (Chandler wobble).

1965 Geophysical Jrnl. 10 290 For over 60 years it was considered highly probable that the Chandler wobble was excited by irregular (i.e. non-seasonal) fluctuations in the geographical distribution of atmospheric mass.

1971 M. Chinnery in I. G. Gass et al. Understanding Earth vi. 93/1 The variation in the Chandler period (about ±4%) is rather large, and it seems unlikely that changes in the physical state of the Earth large enough to produce this can occur in times of the order of a year.

1983 Nature 24 Feb. 657/3 The outstanding problem in the study of the Chandler wobble is..the source of its excitation.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1989; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	chandler
释义	chandlern.¹ Brit. /ˈtʃɑːndlə/, /ˈtʃandlə/, U.S. /ˈtʃæn(d)lər/ Forms: Middle English–1600s chaundeler, Middle English–1600s chandeler, 1500s–1600s chaundler, 1500s– chandler; (also Middle English condler, candeler(e, chaundeller, chaundlar, chawndelere, 1500s chandelar, chandellor, chandillar, 1600s chaundelor, chaundelour, shandeller, 1700s Scottish chanler, chan'ler). Etymology: Middle English chaundeler , chandeler , < Anglo-Norman chandeler, Old French chandelier (= Provençal candelier , Italian candelliere ) < Latin type candel(l)ārius , < candel(l)a candle n. †1. A stand or support for a candle, a candlestick; a chandelier. (Chiefly northern, now Obsolete) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > support or holder for a candle > [noun] chandler1398 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum vi. xxiv Candelis and oþer priketis beþ set on candelstikkis, and chaundelers. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1272 Þe chef chaundeler charged with þe lyȝt. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 60 Candelere, candelabra. 1547 in Spalding Club Misc. V. 313 Twa silver shandellers. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) ix. 59 He..reft the goldin alter, the chandelaris of lycht, and al the goldin veschel. 1552–3 Inventory Church Goods in Ann. Diocese Lichfield (1863) IV. 50 Ij chaundlers of woode. 1674 J. Ray N. Country Words Chaundler, a candlestick. Sheffield. 1733 A. Ramsay Clout Caldron i Have you any pots or pans Or any broken chandlers? 2. a. One whose trade it is to make or sell candles. (Also tallow-chandler n., wax-chandler n.) ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > selling > seller > sellers of specific things > [noun] > seller of candles chandler1389 tallow-chandler1406 wax-chandler1418 tallower1882 the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > [noun] > one who makes or sells chandler1389 wax-maker14.. tallow-chandler1406 wax-chandler1418 candle-maker1611 candle-wright1766 maggot-boiler1788 1389 Eng. Gilds (1870) 18 Y^ei shul bene at y^e Chaundelers by pryme of y^e day. 1464 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 160 To pay the chandeler that ffynd my lordys candyllis, xx.s. 1483 Cath. Angl. 52 A Candeler, candelarius. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1596 Cokes, condlers, coriours of ledur. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. iii. 44 Lights as good cheape, at the dearest Chandlers in Europe. View more context for this quotation 1602 Returne fr. Parnassus (Arb.) Prol. 4 We haue promised the Copies to the Chandlers to wrappe his candles in. 1711 Act 10 Anne in London Gaz. 5031/6 Such Chandler or Maker of Candles. 1872 J. Yeats Nat. Hist. Commerce (rev. ed.) 269 The present number of chandlers in England is estimated at about 3,000. †b. Formerly, an officer who superintended the supply of candles, etc., in a household. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > holder of office > official of royal or great household > [noun] > official supplying candles chandlera1475 a1475 Bk. Curtasye (Sloane 1986) l. 824 in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 326 Now speke I wylle a lytulle whyle Of þo chandeler, with-outen gyle. 1601 F. Tate Househ. Ord. Edward II (1876) §15 The serjant chaundeler shal receve the wax and lights..And the chaundelor shal make his liveree. 1860 Our Eng. Home 89. 3. In extended sense: a. A retail dealer in provisions, groceries, etc.: often somewhat contemptuous. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > selling > seller > sellers of specific things > [noun] > seller of provisions victualler1377 grocer1465 chandler1583 viander1598 sutler1710 provision man1859 1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. G7 Theod. Be there any Chandlers there?.. What do they sell for the most part? Amphil. Almost all things, as namelie butter, cheese, fagots, pots, pannes, candles, and a thousand other trinkets besides. 1664 G. Etherege Comical Revenge i. ii. 5 This morning the Chandler refus'd to score a quart of Scurvy-grass. 1723 London Gaz. No. 6172/9 Robert Collier..Chandler of Small Wares. 1820 W. Scott Monastery I. Answ. Introd. Ep. 68 Another steps into a chandler's shop to purchase a pound of butter. 1839 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz (new ed.) 359 The neighbours stigmatized him as a chandler. 1851 D. Jerrold St. Giles & St. James (new ed.) xxvi, in Writings I. 273 Revenge is..not to be meddled with in the spirit of a chandler. b. In combinations = dealer, trader, as in corn-chandler n., ship-chandler n. Compounds C1. General attributive. chandler-shop n. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > trading place > place where retail transactions made > [noun] > shop > shops selling other specific goods jeweller's shop1632 ironmongery1648 ironmonger1673 jeweller1675 news shop1688 print shop1689 Indian house1692 coal shed1718 pamphlet shop1721 lormery1725 drugstore1771 hardware store1777 junk store1777 chandler-shop1782 junk shop1790 music store1794 pot shop1794 finding store1822 marine store1837 picture house1838 paint shop1847 news agency1852 chemist1856 Army and Navy1878 cyclery1886 jumble-shop1893 pig shop1896 Manchester department1905 lot1909 craft shop1911 garden centre1912 pet shop1927 sex shop1949 video store1949 quincaillerie1951 home centre1955 Army-Navy1965 cookshop1967 sound shop1972 bucket-shop1973 1782 V. Knox Ess. No. 170 (1819) III. 249 The chandlershop-keeper. 1817 Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 18 Jan. 76 The ignorance of the Chandler-Shop Knights is equal to their impudence. C2. chandler-chafted adj. lantern-jawed. ΚΠ 1785 Journ. fr. London 4 (Jam.) A chanler-chafted auld runk carlen. chandler-chafts n. Scottish lantern jaws. ΚΠ 1714 A. Ramsay Elegy John Cowper xii Shame fa' ye'r chandler-chafts, O Death! 1790 A. Wilson Poems 75 My sons, wi' chan'ler chafts gape roun', To rive my gear, my siller frae me. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022). Chandlern.² Brit. /ˈtʃɑːndlə/, /ˈtʃandlə/, U.S. /ˈtʃæn(d)lər/ Etymology: < the name of S. C. Chandler (1846–1913), U.S. amateur astronomer. Geophysics. Used attributively with reference to a non-seasonal elliptical motion of the earth's poles of rotation with a variable period of approximately 14 months (reported by Chandler in 1891); as Chandler period, Chandler wobble. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > planet > primary planet > earth > [noun] > movement of earth > variation in wobble1699 Chandler wobble1955 1955 Observatory Feb. 1 Efforts to find the Chandler period of the variation of latitude..go back over fifty years. 1958 A. E. Scheidegger Princ. Geodynamics iii. 107 An analysis of the observations on latitude variation yields that, after an annual term..has been taken out, a period of approximately 420 days exists (Chandler wobble). 1965 Geophysical Jrnl. 10 290 For over 60 years it was considered highly probable that the Chandler wobble was excited by irregular (i.e. non-seasonal) fluctuations in the geographical distribution of atmospheric mass. 1971 M. Chinnery in I. G. Gass et al. Understanding Earth vi. 93/1 The variation in the Chandler period (about ±4%) is rather large, and it seems unlikely that changes in the physical state of the Earth large enough to produce this can occur in times of the order of a year. 1983 Nature 24 Feb. 657/3 The outstanding problem in the study of the Chandler wobble is..the source of its excitation. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1989; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1389n.²1955
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chandlern.1

Compounds

Chandlern.2

chandlern.¹

Chandlern.²