Chaggan.adj.

Brit.

/ˈtʃaɡə/, U.S.

/ˈtʃæɡə/, East African English

/ˈtʃaɡa/

Inflections: Plural unchanged, Chaggas.

Forms: 1800s Čaga, 1800s– Chaga, 1800s– Chagga, 1800s– Jagga.

Origin: A borrowing from Swahili. Etymon: Swahili -chaga.

Etymology: < Swahili -chaga (in e.g. Wachaga , denoting the people (see Wachagga n. and adj.; singular Mchaga) and Kichaga, denoting the language).The Chagga people did not originally have one single self-designation; Chaga βatʃaka (singular mtʃaka ) is < Swahili. The plural form Chaggas is an English development. The origin of the form Jagga (apparently with voiced initial) is unclear, but compare German Dschagga (1817 or earlier; now rare in this form and usually written Chagga ). In linguistic contexts, the form Chaga is now preferred.

A. n.

1. A member of a people of eastern Africa living on the slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro and forming one of the largest ethnic groups of Tanzania.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of East Africa > [noun] > Bantu peoples

Swahili1814

Chagga1823

Mashona1835

Wagogo1840

Wachagga1849

Tumbuka1850

Sukuma1860

Wanyamwezi1860

Babemba1867

Kavirondo1870

Nyamwezi1885

Bemba1887

Chewa1887

Shangaan1887

Rwanda1889

Awemba1890

Yao1894

Ngoni1899

Nyanja1899

Kisii1905

Ganda1906

Meru1908

Lamba1909

Hutu1922

Lozi1935

Ila1956

Gogo1957

1823 Brighton Gleaner Mar. 345 The history of Morocco, of the negroes of Andia, of the Jaggas, and other districts along the coast.

1924 C. Dundas Kilimanjaro & its People i. 32 To these people the tribal name Chagga has been applied, the origin whereof is not known to me.

2018 Citizen (Tanzania) (Nexis) 23 Dec. Naomi Mosha and her family are spending the end of year holidays differently... Being a Chagga from Kilimanjaro, they usually celebrate..in the village.

2. The Bantu language of the Chagga.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > African languages > Niger-Kordofanian > [noun] > Niger-Congo > Niger-Congo proper languages > Kwa family > Bantu languages

Kaffir1820

Swahilese1833

Sesotho1846

Chagga1849

Kikuyu1849

Mitshi1854

Manganja1859

Bantu1866

Kavirondo1870

Luganda1876

Sotho1876

Fan1883

Gogo1883

Lunda1883

Nyamwezi1883

Kioko1884

Barotse1888

Ganda1891

Tumbuka1891

Chichewa1897

Bemba1902

Nyanja1902

Rwanda1902

Lingala1903

Sepedi1905

Ila1907

Lamba1907

Chewa1908

Venda1908

Ngoni1911

Munchi1913

Meru1921

Yao1924

Lozi1937

Nguni1939

Ndembu1945

Mwera1947

Sango1948

Ovambo1953

Sukuma1969

Tiv1976

1849 Literary World (N.Y.) 10 Nov. 395/2 Roots of Suahili words, whose radicals are not traceable in this dialect, could be discovered in that of Jagga.

1938 W. M. Hailey Afr. Surv. iii. 88 In many bush schools instruction is given in the mother tongue, viz. Sukuma, Nyamwezi, Konde, Hehe, Zaramo, Shambala, and dialects of Chaga.

2005 Afr. News (Nexis) 31 July Songs that praised the leader..were all being belted out..in his ethnic language of Chagga.

3. A variety of coffee produced by the Chagga.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > coffee manufacture > [noun] > coffee from specific place

Arabian coffee1674

Java coffee1764

mocha1773

Java1805

Rio1817

Blue Mountain coffee1879

Blue Mountain1882

Santos1888

Jamaica1899

Mysore1907

Kenya coffee1921

Chagga1957

Continental roast1958

arabica1959

1957 S. Hempstone Let. 31 Oct. in Lett. from Afr. to Inst. Current World Affairs (1961) I. SH-46 4 Moshi..seems to be riding the crest of a boom. The coffee boom. And it's African grown (Chagga) coffee.

1983 L. Deighton Berlin Game iii. 18 This is pure chagga, ground just before it was brewed.

2020 @gaialove365 30 Jan. in twitter.com (accessed 5 Feb. 2020) [In response to Do you prefer coffee or tea?] I've been doing more chagga coffee blend lately.

B. adj.

Of, belonging to, or relating to the Chagga or their language.

ΚΠ

1847 J. L. Krapf Jrnl. 4 Feb. in Missionary Reg. (1850) Mar. 148/1 The Wakamba, Taita, and Jagga people have no Muansa.

1940 O. F. Raum Chaga Childhood p. xv He wanted to explain how Chagga consciousness, moral values and knowledge were imparted to the young.

2020 Sunday Nation (Kenya) (Nexis) 26 Jan. Two youthful sellers..interjected with a conversation in Chagga language between themselves.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022).

单词	chagga
释义	Chaggan.adj. Brit. /ˈtʃaɡə/, U.S. /ˈtʃæɡə/, East African English /ˈtʃaɡa/ Inflections: Plural unchanged, Chaggas. Forms: 1800s Čaga, 1800s– Chaga, 1800s– Chagga, 1800s– Jagga. Origin: A borrowing from Swahili. Etymon: Swahili -chaga. Etymology: < Swahili -chaga (in e.g. Wachaga , denoting the people (see Wachagga n. and adj.; singular Mchaga) and Kichaga, denoting the language).The Chagga people did not originally have one single self-designation; Chaga βatʃaka (singular mtʃaka ) is < Swahili. The plural form Chaggas is an English development. The origin of the form Jagga (apparently with voiced initial) is unclear, but compare German Dschagga (1817 or earlier; now rare in this form and usually written Chagga ). In linguistic contexts, the form Chaga is now preferred. A. n. 1. A member of a people of eastern Africa living on the slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro and forming one of the largest ethnic groups of Tanzania. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > peoples of Africa > peoples of East Africa > [noun] > Bantu peoples Swahili1814 Chagga1823 Mashona1835 Wagogo1840 Wachagga1849 Tumbuka1850 Sukuma1860 Wanyamwezi1860 Babemba1867 Kavirondo1870 Nyamwezi1885 Bemba1887 Chewa1887 Shangaan1887 Rwanda1889 Awemba1890 Yao1894 Ngoni1899 Nyanja1899 Kisii1905 Ganda1906 Meru1908 Lamba1909 Hutu1922 Lozi1935 Ila1956 Gogo1957 1823 Brighton Gleaner Mar. 345 The history of Morocco, of the negroes of Andia, of the Jaggas, and other districts along the coast. 1924 C. Dundas Kilimanjaro & its People i. 32 To these people the tribal name Chagga has been applied, the origin whereof is not known to me. 2018 Citizen (Tanzania) (Nexis) 23 Dec. Naomi Mosha and her family are spending the end of year holidays differently... Being a Chagga from Kilimanjaro, they usually celebrate..in the village. 2. The Bantu language of the Chagga. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > African languages > Niger-Kordofanian > [noun] > Niger-Congo > Niger-Congo proper languages > Kwa family > Bantu languages Kaffir1820 Swahilese1833 Sesotho1846 Chagga1849 Kikuyu1849 Mitshi1854 Manganja1859 Bantu1866 Kavirondo1870 Luganda1876 Sotho1876 Fan1883 Gogo1883 Lunda1883 Nyamwezi1883 Kioko1884 Barotse1888 Ganda1891 Tumbuka1891 Chichewa1897 Bemba1902 Nyanja1902 Rwanda1902 Lingala1903 Sepedi1905 Ila1907 Lamba1907 Chewa1908 Venda1908 Ngoni1911 Munchi1913 Meru1921 Yao1924 Lozi1937 Nguni1939 Ndembu1945 Mwera1947 Sango1948 Ovambo1953 Sukuma1969 Tiv1976 1849 Literary World (N.Y.) 10 Nov. 395/2 Roots of Suahili words, whose radicals are not traceable in this dialect, could be discovered in that of Jagga. 1938 W. M. Hailey Afr. Surv. iii. 88 In many bush schools instruction is given in the mother tongue, viz. Sukuma, Nyamwezi, Konde, Hehe, Zaramo, Shambala, and dialects of Chaga. 2005 Afr. News (Nexis) 31 July Songs that praised the leader..were all being belted out..in his ethnic language of Chagga. 3. A variety of coffee produced by the Chagga. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > coffee manufacture > [noun] > coffee from specific place Arabian coffee1674 Java coffee1764 mocha1773 Java1805 Rio1817 Blue Mountain coffee1879 Blue Mountain1882 Santos1888 Jamaica1899 Mysore1907 Kenya coffee1921 Chagga1957 Continental roast1958 arabica1959 1957 S. Hempstone Let. 31 Oct. in Lett. from Afr. to Inst. Current World Affairs (1961) I. SH-46 4 Moshi..seems to be riding the crest of a boom. The coffee boom. And it's African grown (Chagga) coffee. 1983 L. Deighton Berlin Game iii. 18 This is pure chagga, ground just before it was brewed. 2020 @gaialove365 30 Jan. in twitter.com (accessed 5 Feb. 2020) [In response to Do you prefer coffee or tea?] I've been doing more chagga coffee blend lately. B. adj. Of, belonging to, or relating to the Chagga or their language. ΚΠ 1847 J. L. Krapf Jrnl. 4 Feb. in Missionary Reg. (1850) Mar. 148/1 The Wakamba, Taita, and Jagga people have no Muansa. 1940 O. F. Raum Chaga Childhood p. xv He wanted to explain how Chagga consciousness, moral values and knowledge were imparted to the young. 2020 Sunday Nation (Kenya) (Nexis) 26 Jan. Two youthful sellers..interjected with a conversation in Chagga language between themselves. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022). < n.adj.1823
随便看	see to see to it that see town see unto see upon see us see us haud see watch which way the cat jumps see what i did there? see what makes the wheels go round see what you can do see where a person is coming from see which way the cat jumps see with see with eye see with half an eye see with one's own eyes self-value self-veined self-verification self-vindication self-violence self-violent self-watering self-weening