charquin.

Brit.

/ˈtʃɑːki/, U.S.

/ˈtʃɑrki/

Forms: 1600s– charqui, 1700s sharke, 1800s– charki, 1800s– charque.

Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymon: Spanish charqui.

Etymology: < South American Spanish charqui, charque (1575 or earlier) < Quechua ch'arki dried meat. Compare earlier jerkin adj.Dried meat was used as a staple by Spanish explorers, who carried the word from the Andes, where Quechua is spoken, to other parts of South and Central America. In some later uses (compare e.g. quot. 1977) apparently via Portuguese charque (19th cent.). Compare the following earlier quotation, which may ultimately reflect a related compound in Quechua:1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iv. xli. 320 Of the flesh of these sheepe they make Cuschargui [Sp. cusharqui], or dried flesh, the which will last very long.

Chiefly in South American contexts: meat, esp. beef, that has been cured by being cut into thin slices and dried. Cf. jerky n.²

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > preserved meat > [noun] > dried meat

mummy1666

vivdaa1688

charqui1688

pemmican1743

pounded meat1775

tasajo1783

taureau1794

jerk1799

biltong1815

tasso1841

jerky1848

bak kwa1960

1688 P. Rycaut tr. G. de la Vega Royal Comm. Peru vi. vi. 196 The Inca, and the Curacas, took great care, that an equal division should be made amongst the Commonalty of all the Venison which was taken in Hunting: the which Flesh they cut out into large slices, (called Charqui [Sp. que llaman Charqui]) and then dried them in such manner, that they were not subject to corrupt.

1758 J. Adams tr. A. de Ulloa Voy. S.-Amer. II. ii. viii. 271 10,000 in specie, which is paid to the king's officers at Santiago, in order to purchase flour, charqui, grassa, and other necessaries for the garrison at Valdivia.

1792 New Ann. Reg. 1791 Biogr. Anecd. 75/1 As a luxury, the peasants eat sharke, or thin slices of meat, sprinkled with salt, and dried in the wind, like hung beef.

1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. xiv. 318 The miners..are allowed a little charqui.

1847 W. H. Prescott Hist. Conquest Peru I. i. v. 149 The male deer and some of the..sheep were slaughtered..and their flesh cut into thin slices was distributed among the people, who converted it into charqui.

1865 Daily Tel. 21 Nov. 7/2 An unlucky prejudice against their meat in the dry or charqui state.

1977 J. D. Wirth Minas Gerais in Brazilian Federation vi. 184 In return for supporting President Wenceslau's sales tax bill, Gaúchos got exemption from this levy for their charque.

1995 A. D. Livingston Cold-smoking & salt-curing Meat, Fish, & Game (2011) 64 Make up a batch of charqui and try it in your favorite stew recipe.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

charquiv.

Brit.

/ˈtʃɑːki/, U.S.

/ˈtʃɑrki/

Forms: 1800s– charque, 1900s– charqui.

Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by conversion. Or (ii) a borrowing from Spanish. Etymons: charqui n.; Spanish charquear.

Etymology: Either (i) < charqui n., or (ii) < South American Spanish charquear (a1783 or earlier; < charque , charqui charqui n.). Compare earlier jerk v.²

Now rare.

transitive. To cure (meat, esp. beef) by cutting it into thin slices and drying it; to make charqui out of.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > pickle or preserve [verb (transitive)] > dry

pine1560

spit1617

deese1682

jerk1709

charqui1820

sun-cure1885

dehydrate1921

1820 J. Luccock Notes on Rio de Janeiro vii. 213 In one year, an individual, Jozé Antonio dos Anjos, slaughtered fifty-four thousand head of cattle, and charqued the flesh.

1917 H. A. Franck Vagabonding down Andes xix. 539 We came upon an hacienda-house before which hung a bullock on a clothes-line—in the process of being charquied, and already as succulent as the sole of an old boot.

1932 Chambers's Jrnl. May 381/2 That answering wail means that Juan and his helpers, instead of going to the races, will have to spend the remainder of the day ‘charquing’ the beef he should have sold.

Derivatives

ˈcharquied adj. (of meat, esp. beef) that has been cured by being cut into thin slices and dried. [Compare earlier jerked adj.²]

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > [adjective] > dried or powdered

jerked1672

charquied1820

tiled1830

powdered1877

dehydrated1884

desiccated1884

1820 J. Luccock Notes on Rio de Janeiro vii. 215 The returns are chiefly carne-secca, or charqued beef, hides and tallow, which are exported from Rio Grandé.

1825 J. Conder Mod. Traveller: Brazil & Buenos Ayres II. 272 At Pernambuco, the charqued meat still preserves the name of carne do Seara.

1994 S. A. Tomka Quinua & Camelids on Bolivian Altiplano (Ph.D. Diss. University of Texas at Austin) 382 With the exception of the charquied meat..the remainder of the meat introduced to the pastoral residences is fresh.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	charqui
释义	charquin. Brit. /ˈtʃɑːki/, U.S. /ˈtʃɑrki/ Forms: 1600s– charqui, 1700s sharke, 1800s– charki, 1800s– charque. Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymon: Spanish charqui. Etymology: < South American Spanish charqui, charque (1575 or earlier) < Quechua ch'arki dried meat. Compare earlier jerkin adj.Dried meat was used as a staple by Spanish explorers, who carried the word from the Andes, where Quechua is spoken, to other parts of South and Central America. In some later uses (compare e.g. quot. 1977) apparently via Portuguese charque (19th cent.). Compare the following earlier quotation, which may ultimately reflect a related compound in Quechua:1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iv. xli. 320 Of the flesh of these sheepe they make Cuschargui [Sp. cusharqui], or dried flesh, the which will last very long. Chiefly in South American contexts: meat, esp. beef, that has been cured by being cut into thin slices and dried. Cf. jerky n.² ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > preserved meat > [noun] > dried meat mummy1666 vivdaa1688 charqui1688 pemmican1743 pounded meat1775 tasajo1783 taureau1794 jerk1799 biltong1815 tasso1841 jerky1848 bak kwa1960 1688 P. Rycaut tr. G. de la Vega Royal Comm. Peru vi. vi. 196 The Inca, and the Curacas, took great care, that an equal division should be made amongst the Commonalty of all the Venison which was taken in Hunting: the which Flesh they cut out into large slices, (called Charqui [Sp. que llaman Charqui]) and then dried them in such manner, that they were not subject to corrupt. 1758 J. Adams tr. A. de Ulloa Voy. S.-Amer. II. ii. viii. 271 10,000 in specie, which is paid to the king's officers at Santiago, in order to purchase flour, charqui, grassa, and other necessaries for the garrison at Valdivia. 1792 New Ann. Reg. 1791 Biogr. Anecd. 75/1 As a luxury, the peasants eat sharke, or thin slices of meat, sprinkled with salt, and dried in the wind, like hung beef. 1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. xiv. 318 The miners..are allowed a little charqui. 1847 W. H. Prescott Hist. Conquest Peru I. i. v. 149 The male deer and some of the..sheep were slaughtered..and their flesh cut into thin slices was distributed among the people, who converted it into charqui. 1865 Daily Tel. 21 Nov. 7/2 An unlucky prejudice against their meat in the dry or charqui state. 1977 J. D. Wirth Minas Gerais in Brazilian Federation vi. 184 In return for supporting President Wenceslau's sales tax bill, Gaúchos got exemption from this levy for their charque. 1995 A. D. Livingston Cold-smoking & salt-curing Meat, Fish, & Game (2011) 64 Make up a batch of charqui and try it in your favorite stew recipe. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). charquiv. Brit. /ˈtʃɑːki/, U.S. /ˈtʃɑrki/ Forms: 1800s– charque, 1900s– charqui. Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by conversion. Or (ii) a borrowing from Spanish. Etymons: charqui n.; Spanish charquear. Etymology: Either (i) < charqui n., or (ii) < South American Spanish charquear (a1783 or earlier; < charque , charqui charqui n.). Compare earlier jerk v.² Now rare. transitive. To cure (meat, esp. beef) by cutting it into thin slices and drying it; to make charqui out of. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > pickle or preserve [verb (transitive)] > dry pine1560 spit1617 deese1682 jerk1709 charqui1820 sun-cure1885 dehydrate1921 1820 J. Luccock Notes on Rio de Janeiro vii. 213 In one year, an individual, Jozé Antonio dos Anjos, slaughtered fifty-four thousand head of cattle, and charqued the flesh. 1917 H. A. Franck Vagabonding down Andes xix. 539 We came upon an hacienda-house before which hung a bullock on a clothes-line—in the process of being charquied, and already as succulent as the sole of an old boot. 1932 Chambers's Jrnl. May 381/2 That answering wail means that Juan and his helpers, instead of going to the races, will have to spend the remainder of the day ‘charquing’ the beef he should have sold. Derivatives ˈcharquied adj. (of meat, esp. beef) that has been cured by being cut into thin slices and dried. [Compare earlier jerked adj.²] ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > [adjective] > dried or powdered jerked1672 charquied1820 tiled1830 powdered1877 dehydrated1884 desiccated1884 1820 J. Luccock Notes on Rio de Janeiro vii. 215 The returns are chiefly carne-secca, or charqued beef, hides and tallow, which are exported from Rio Grandé. 1825 J. Conder Mod. Traveller: Brazil & Buenos Ayres II. 272 At Pernambuco, the charqued meat still preserves the name of carne do Seara. 1994 S. A. Tomka Quinua & Camelids on Bolivian Altiplano (Ph.D. Diss. University of Texas at Austin) 382 With the exception of the charquied meat..the remainder of the meat introduced to the pastoral residences is fresh. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1688v.1820
随便看	to white up to white-knuckle it to whiteknuckle it to whiten up to whom it may concern to whon to whoop it up to whoop out to whoop things up to whoop up to whore it up to whore one's way to whore out to wick a bore to widen one's horizon to widen one's horizons to wield to wield a sceptre to wield life to wield one's sceptre to wield the life to wield the sceptre to wife to will to will away