chinchn.¹

/tʃɪntʃ/

Forms: 1600s chince, 1600s–1700s chink, 1700s chintse, 1800s chintz, 1600s– chinch. See also cimex n.

Etymology: < Spanish chinche, Italian cimice < Latin cimic-em bug.

1. The bed- or house-bug. (A name now confined to U.S.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Hemiptera > suborder Heteroptera > member of Capsidae or Miridae > cimex lectularius (bed-bug)

punaisec1530

wall-louse1540

cimex1585

bug1622

chincha1640

want-louse1655

wiglouse1658

bedbug1740

B. flat1853

Norfolk Howard1862

mahogany flat1864

a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Loves Pilgrimage i. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aaaaaaaa v/1 Theo. Will you shew me in. Host. Yes marry will I Sir, And pray that not a flea, or a chink vex you.

1665 Voy. E.-India in G. Havers tr. P. della Valle Trav. E. India 372 We were very much troubled with Chinches.

1673 J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries (1738) I. 352 Chinces, or wall-lice, which are very noisome..by their bitings in the night-time.

1682 G. Wheler Journey into Greece i. 16 The Floor, so furnished with Chinches.

a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 471 For the most part the Bedsteds in Italy are all forged of Iron gilded, since tis impossible to keepe the wooden ones from the Chimices.

a1705 J. Ray Historia Insectorum 7 Cimex, the Chinche, or Wall-louse..in Angliâ paucis noti.

1730 J. Southall Treat. Buggs 7 He..asked if Chintses (so Buggs are by Negroes and some others there called), had bit me?

1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica ii. iii. 434 The Chink or Bug..very common in Jamaica.

1844 G. W. Kendall Narr. Santa Fé Exped. II. xi. 229 Scarcely had we touched the mattresses before we were visited by myriads of chinches!

1851 R. F. Burton Goa 4 The impolite animal which the transatlantics delicately designate a ‘chintz’.

2. chinch-bug, chink-bug (U.S.): ‘an insect or bug, resembling the bed-bug in its disgusting odour, which is very destructive to wheat and other grasses’ (Webster); also chinch-bug fly.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Hemiptera > unspecified types > chinch-bug

chinch-bug1750

1750 G. Hughes Nat. Hist. Barbados 84 The Buonavista Chink. This is a small green flattish fly..and smells, when killed, like a bug.

1785 in Southern Lit. Messenger 28 (1852) 38/1 The devastation of the Chintz bug, which since harvest have infested the Indian corn.

1786 G. Washington Diary (1925) III. 97 Examined the..corn in several parts of this field and discovered more or less of the Chinch bug on every stalk.

1815 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. I. vi. 170 America suffers..in its wheat and maize from the attack of an insect..which, for what reason I know not, is called the chintz-bug-fly.

1873 J. H. Beadle Undeveloped West xiii. 225 Its [sc. wheat's] principal enemy is the chintz bug, so called here.

1886 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 356 Corn destroyed by the chinch-bug.

1887 Standard 19 Sept. 2/2 (Iowa) The damage done by chinch bugs.

1959 T. R. E. Southwood & D. Leston Land & Water Bugs Brit. Isles v. 82 The chinchbug, Blissus leucopterus, is an important cereal pest in North America which has spread rapidly over vast areas—this spread is paralleled in western Europe by the recent spread of our single British species.

1959 T. R. E. Southwood & D. Leston Land & Water Bugs Brit. Isles v. 82 Ischnodemus sabuleti (Fallén), European chinchbug.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

chinchn.¹adj.

Brit.

/tʃɪn(t)ʃ/, U.S.

/tʃɪn(t)ʃ/

Forms:

α. Middle English chiche, Middle English chyche.

β. Middle English–1500s chinche, Middle English–1500s chynche, Middle English–1500s chynch, 1900s– chinch.

γ. 1900s– chince.

N.E.D. (1889) also records a form Middle English chynshe.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French chinche, chiche.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman chinche, Anglo-Norman and Old French chiche, chice, adjective (late 12th cent.; Middle French, French chiche ) and noun (13th cent. or earlier; rare in Middle French), probably < a base expressive of smallness which underlies French chichi chichi n.¹ and probably also Spanish chico small (see chica n.²). In later use perhaps re-formed as a back-formation < chinchy adj. In the passage cited in quot. c1300 at sense B., chinche rhymes with riche rich adj., suggesting that an earlier version of the text may have used one of the α. forms.

U.S. colloquial in later use (chiefly in the South and South Midland regions).

A. n.¹

A mean or miserly person. In early use also more generally: †an unpleasant or reprehensible person (obsolete).Later use may show an independent re-formation after chinchy adj.In quot. ?a1300 as one of a list of nicknames for the hare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [noun] > niggard or mean person

nithinga1225

chinch?a1300

nigc1300

chincher1333

shut-purse1340

niggardc1384

haynec1386

nigona1400

pinchera1425

pinchpenny?c1425

pynepenya1450

pelt1511

chincherda1529

churl1535

pinchbeck1538

carl?1542

penny-father1549

nipfarthing1566

nipper?1573

holdfast1576

pinchpence1577

pinch fistc1580

pinchfart1592

shit-sticks1598

clunchfist1606

puckfist1606

sharp-nose1611

spare-good1611

crib1622

hog grubber?1626

dry-fist1633

clusterfist1652

niggardling1654

frummer1659

scrat1699

sting-hum1699

nipcheese1785

pincha1825

screw1825

wire-drawer1828

close-fist1861

penny-pincher1875

nip-skin1876

parer1887

pinch-plum1892

cheapskate1899

meanie1902

tightwad1906

stinge1914

penny-peeler1925

mean1938

stiff1967

the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [noun] > niggard or mean person > miser or hoarder of wealth

chinch?a1300

wretch1303

chincher1333

muckererc1390

mokerarda1400

muglard1440

gatherer?a1513

hoarder?a1513

warner1513

hardhead1519

snudge1545

cob1548

snidge1548

muckmonger1566

mucker1567

miser?1577

scrape-penny1584

money-miser1586

gromwell-gainer1588

muckscrape1589

muckworm1598

scrib1600

muckraker1601

morkin-gnoff1602

scrape-scall1602

incubo1607

accumulator1611

gripe-money1611

scrape-good1611

silver-hider1611

gripe1621

scrapeling1629

clutch1630

scrape-pelfa1640

volpone1672

spare-penny1707

save-all1729

bagger1740

spare-thrift1803

money-codger1818

hunger-rot1828

muckrake1850

muckthrift1852

gripe-penny1860

hugger-mugger1862

Scrooge1940

?a1300 Names Hare (Digby 86) in Proc. Leeds Philos. & Lit. Soc. (1935) 6 351 (MED) The chiche, the couart.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) v. l. 4814 (MED) Such an other chinche as he Men wisten noght in al the lond.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 12972 Yeitt can þat chinche wit godd to chide.

c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 605 Þe gentyl Cheuentayn is no chyche.

?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 136 (MED) A woman shulde not be a chiche of that she hathe in gret plente.

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Liii/1 A binch, scannum.., a chince [sic], parcus, a finch..achantis.

1949 Proc. Amer. Dial. Soc. 11 19 Chinch, chince, stingy person.

1963 J. O. Killens And then we heard Thunder iv. 50 ‘Come on, man!’ Bookworm said. ‘Don't be no chinch.’

†B. adj.

Miserly, parsimonious, mean. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [adjective]

gnedec900

gripplea1000

fastOE

narrow-hearteda1200

narrow?c1225

straitc1290

chinchc1300

nithinga1325

scarcec1330

clama1340

hard1340

scantc1366

sparingc1386

niggardc1400

chinchy?1406

retentivea1450

niggardousa1492

niggish1519

unliberal1533

pinching1548

dry1552

nigh1555

niggardly1560

churlish1566

squeamish1566

niggardish1567

niggard-like1567

holding1569

spare1577

handfast1578

envious1580

close-handed1585

hard-handed1587

curmudgeonly1590

parsimonious?1591

costive1594

hidebound1598

penny-pinching1600

penurious1600

strait-handed1600

club-fisted1601

dry-fisted1604

fast-handed1605

fast-fingered1607

close-fisted1608

near1611

scanting1613

carkingc1620

illiberal1623

clutch-fisteda1634

hideboundeda1640

clutch-fista1643

clunch-fisted1644

unbounteous1645

hard-fisted1646

purse-bound1652

close1654

stingy1659

tenacious1676

scanty1692

sneaking1696

gripe-handed1698

narrow-souled1699

niggardling1704

snippy1727

unindulgent1742

shabby1766

neargoinga1774

cheesemongering1781

split-farthing1787

save-all1788

picked1790

iron-fisted1794

unhandsome1800

scaly1803

nearbegoing1805

tight1805

nippit1808

nipcheese1819

cumin-splitting1822

partan-handed1823

scrimping1823

scrumptious1823

scrimpy1825

meanly1827

skinny1833

pinchfisted1837

mean1840

tight-fisted1843

screwy1844

stinty1849

cheeseparing1857

skinflinty1886

mouly1904

mingy1911

cheapskate1912

picey1937

tight-assed1961

chintzy1964

tightwad1976

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) l. 2941 Hauelok anon bigan..His denshe men to feste wel..For he was large and nouth chinche.

c1330 Seven Sages (Auch.) (1933) l. 1110 And þat oþer lef to pinche, Boþe he was scars and chinche.

a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 5588 He..Lyueth more at ese and more is Riche Than doth he that is chiche.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† chinchv.

Forms: late Middle English chink, late Middle English chynche.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: chinch adj.

Etymology: < chinch adj.The form chink may be the result of dissimilation.

Obsolete.

intransitive. To be parsimonious or stingy; to hoard wealth like a miser.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > be niggardly or mean [verb (intransitive)]

spare1377

to lick one's knifec1400

chincha1425

pincha1425

stick1533

nig1559

to make pottage of a flintc1576

niggard1596

wretcha1598

niggardize1606

wire-draw1616

screw1820

skincha1825

scrimp1848

stinge1937

to pinch pennies (also a penny)1942

penny-pinch1945

a1425 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Borthwick Add. 196) C. xiii. l. 227 That chafferen as chapmen and chynchen [c1400 Huntington HM 137 chiden] but þei geten.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 75 Chynchyn, or sparyn mekylle [a1500 BL Add. 37789 chinkinge or to mekel sparyn], perparco.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021).

n.¹a1640

n.¹adj.a1640

v.a1425

单词	chinch
释义	chinchn.¹ /tʃɪntʃ/ Forms: 1600s chince, 1600s–1700s chink, 1700s chintse, 1800s chintz, 1600s– chinch. See also cimex n. Etymology: < Spanish chinche, Italian cimice < Latin cimic-em bug. 1. The bed- or house-bug. (A name now confined to U.S.) ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Hemiptera > suborder Heteroptera > member of Capsidae or Miridae > cimex lectularius (bed-bug) punaisec1530 wall-louse1540 cimex1585 bug1622 chincha1640 want-louse1655 wiglouse1658 bedbug1740 B. flat1853 Norfolk Howard1862 mahogany flat1864 a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Loves Pilgrimage i. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aaaaaaaa v/1 Theo. Will you shew me in. Host. Yes marry will I Sir, And pray that not a flea, or a chink vex you. 1665 Voy. E.-India in G. Havers tr. P. della Valle Trav. E. India 372 We were very much troubled with Chinches. 1673 J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries (1738) I. 352 Chinces, or wall-lice, which are very noisome..by their bitings in the night-time. 1682 G. Wheler Journey into Greece i. 16 The Floor, so furnished with Chinches. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 471 For the most part the Bedsteds in Italy are all forged of Iron gilded, since tis impossible to keepe the wooden ones from the Chimices. a1705 J. Ray Historia Insectorum 7 Cimex, the Chinche, or Wall-louse..in Angliâ paucis noti. 1730 J. Southall Treat. Buggs 7 He..asked if Chintses (so Buggs are by Negroes and some others there called), had bit me? 1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica ii. iii. 434 The Chink or Bug..very common in Jamaica. 1844 G. W. Kendall Narr. Santa Fé Exped. II. xi. 229 Scarcely had we touched the mattresses before we were visited by myriads of chinches! 1851 R. F. Burton Goa 4 The impolite animal which the transatlantics delicately designate a ‘chintz’. 2. chinch-bug, chink-bug (U.S.): ‘an insect or bug, resembling the bed-bug in its disgusting odour, which is very destructive to wheat and other grasses’ (Webster); also chinch-bug fly. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Hemiptera > unspecified types > chinch-bug chinch-bug1750 1750 G. Hughes Nat. Hist. Barbados 84 The Buonavista Chink. This is a small green flattish fly..and smells, when killed, like a bug. 1785 in Southern Lit. Messenger 28 (1852) 38/1 The devastation of the Chintz bug, which since harvest have infested the Indian corn. 1786 G. Washington Diary (1925) III. 97 Examined the..corn in several parts of this field and discovered more or less of the Chinch bug on every stalk. 1815 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. I. vi. 170 America suffers..in its wheat and maize from the attack of an insect..which, for what reason I know not, is called the chintz-bug-fly. 1873 J. H. Beadle Undeveloped West xiii. 225 Its [sc. wheat's] principal enemy is the chintz bug, so called here. 1886 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 356 Corn destroyed by the chinch-bug. 1887 Standard 19 Sept. 2/2 (Iowa) The damage done by chinch bugs. 1959 T. R. E. Southwood & D. Leston Land & Water Bugs Brit. Isles v. 82 The chinchbug, Blissus leucopterus, is an important cereal pest in North America which has spread rapidly over vast areas—this spread is paralleled in western Europe by the recent spread of our single British species. 1959 T. R. E. Southwood & D. Leston Land & Water Bugs Brit. Isles v. 82 Ischnodemus sabuleti (Fallén), European chinchbug. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2018). chinchn.¹adj. Brit. /tʃɪn(t)ʃ/, U.S. /tʃɪn(t)ʃ/ Forms: α. Middle English chiche, Middle English chyche. β. Middle English–1500s chinche, Middle English–1500s chynche, Middle English–1500s chynch, 1900s– chinch. γ. 1900s– chince. N.E.D. (1889) also records a form Middle English chynshe. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French chinche, chiche. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman chinche, Anglo-Norman and Old French chiche, chice, adjective (late 12th cent.; Middle French, French chiche ) and noun (13th cent. or earlier; rare in Middle French), probably < a base expressive of smallness which underlies French chichi chichi n.¹ and probably also Spanish chico small (see chica n.²). In later use perhaps re-formed as a back-formation < chinchy adj. In the passage cited in quot. c1300 at sense B., chinche rhymes with riche rich adj., suggesting that an earlier version of the text may have used one of the α. forms. U.S. colloquial in later use (chiefly in the South and South Midland regions). A. n.¹ A mean or miserly person. In early use also more generally: †an unpleasant or reprehensible person (obsolete).Later use may show an independent re-formation after chinchy adj.In quot. ?a1300 as one of a list of nicknames for the hare. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [noun] > niggard or mean person nithinga1225 chinch?a1300 nigc1300 chincher1333 shut-purse1340 niggardc1384 haynec1386 nigona1400 pinchera1425 pinchpenny?c1425 pynepenya1450 pelt1511 chincherda1529 churl1535 pinchbeck1538 carl?1542 penny-father1549 nipfarthing1566 nipper?1573 holdfast1576 pinchpence1577 pinch fistc1580 pinchfart1592 shit-sticks1598 clunchfist1606 puckfist1606 sharp-nose1611 spare-good1611 crib1622 hog grubber?1626 dry-fist1633 clusterfist1652 niggardling1654 frummer1659 scrat1699 sting-hum1699 nipcheese1785 pincha1825 screw1825 wire-drawer1828 close-fist1861 penny-pincher1875 nip-skin1876 parer1887 pinch-plum1892 cheapskate1899 meanie1902 tightwad1906 stinge1914 penny-peeler1925 mean1938 stiff1967 the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [noun] > niggard or mean person > miser or hoarder of wealth chinch?a1300 wretch1303 chincher1333 muckererc1390 mokerarda1400 muglard1440 gatherer?a1513 hoarder?a1513 warner1513 hardhead1519 snudge1545 cob1548 snidge1548 muckmonger1566 mucker1567 miser?1577 scrape-penny1584 money-miser1586 gromwell-gainer1588 muckscrape1589 muckworm1598 scrib1600 muckraker1601 morkin-gnoff1602 scrape-scall1602 incubo1607 accumulator1611 gripe-money1611 scrape-good1611 silver-hider1611 gripe1621 scrapeling1629 clutch1630 scrape-pelfa1640 volpone1672 spare-penny1707 save-all1729 bagger1740 spare-thrift1803 money-codger1818 hunger-rot1828 muckrake1850 muckthrift1852 gripe-penny1860 hugger-mugger1862 Scrooge1940 ?a1300 Names Hare (Digby 86) in Proc. Leeds Philos. & Lit. Soc. (1935) 6 351 (MED) The chiche, the couart. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) v. l. 4814 (MED) Such an other chinche as he Men wisten noght in al the lond. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 12972 Yeitt can þat chinche wit godd to chide. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 605 Þe gentyl Cheuentayn is no chyche. ?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 136 (MED) A woman shulde not be a chiche of that she hathe in gret plente. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Liii/1 A binch, scannum.., a chince [sic], parcus, a finch..achantis. 1949 Proc. Amer. Dial. Soc. 11 19 Chinch, chince, stingy person. 1963 J. O. Killens And then we heard Thunder iv. 50 ‘Come on, man!’ Bookworm said. ‘Don't be no chinch.’ †B. adj. Miserly, parsimonious, mean. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [adjective] gnedec900 gripplea1000 fastOE narrow-hearteda1200 narrow?c1225 straitc1290 chinchc1300 nithinga1325 scarcec1330 clama1340 hard1340 scantc1366 sparingc1386 niggardc1400 chinchy?1406 retentivea1450 niggardousa1492 niggish1519 unliberal1533 pinching1548 dry1552 nigh1555 niggardly1560 churlish1566 squeamish1566 niggardish1567 niggard-like1567 holding1569 spare1577 handfast1578 envious1580 close-handed1585 hard-handed1587 curmudgeonly1590 parsimonious?1591 costive1594 hidebound1598 penny-pinching1600 penurious1600 strait-handed1600 club-fisted1601 dry-fisted1604 fast-handed1605 fast-fingered1607 close-fisted1608 near1611 scanting1613 carkingc1620 illiberal1623 clutch-fisteda1634 hideboundeda1640 clutch-fista1643 clunch-fisted1644 unbounteous1645 hard-fisted1646 purse-bound1652 close1654 stingy1659 tenacious1676 scanty1692 sneaking1696 gripe-handed1698 narrow-souled1699 niggardling1704 snippy1727 unindulgent1742 shabby1766 neargoinga1774 cheesemongering1781 split-farthing1787 save-all1788 picked1790 iron-fisted1794 unhandsome1800 scaly1803 nearbegoing1805 tight1805 nippit1808 nipcheese1819 cumin-splitting1822 partan-handed1823 scrimping1823 scrumptious1823 scrimpy1825 meanly1827 skinny1833 pinchfisted1837 mean1840 tight-fisted1843 screwy1844 stinty1849 cheeseparing1857 skinflinty1886 mouly1904 mingy1911 cheapskate1912 picey1937 tight-assed1961 chintzy1964 tightwad1976 c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) l. 2941 Hauelok anon bigan..His denshe men to feste wel..For he was large and nouth chinche. c1330 Seven Sages (Auch.) (1933) l. 1110 And þat oþer lef to pinche, Boþe he was scars and chinche. a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 5588 He..Lyueth more at ese and more is Riche Than doth he that is chiche. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † chinchv. Forms: late Middle English chink, late Middle English chynche. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: chinch adj. Etymology: < chinch adj.The form chink may be the result of dissimilation. Obsolete. intransitive. To be parsimonious or stingy; to hoard wealth like a miser. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > be niggardly or mean [verb (intransitive)] spare1377 to lick one's knifec1400 chincha1425 pincha1425 stick1533 nig1559 to make pottage of a flintc1576 niggard1596 wretcha1598 niggardize1606 wire-draw1616 screw1820 skincha1825 scrimp1848 stinge1937 to pinch pennies (also a penny)1942 penny-pinch1945 a1425 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Borthwick Add. 196) C. xiii. l. 227 That chafferen as chapmen and chynchen [c1400 Huntington HM 137 chiden] but þei geten. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 75 Chynchyn, or sparyn mekylle [a1500 BL Add. 37789 chinkinge or to mekel sparyn], perparco. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021). < n.¹a1640n.¹adj.a1640v.a1425
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chinchn.1

chinchn.1adj.

† chinchv.

chinchn.¹

chinchn.¹adj.