† affyv.

Forms: Middle English afie, Middle English afy, Middle English afye, Middle English afyghe, Middle English–1600s affye, Middle English–1700s affie, Middle English–1800s affy, late Middle English affice (3rd singular present indicative); Scottish pre-1700 affye, pre-1700 effy, pre-1700 1800s affy.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French afier.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French afier, Anglo-Norman and Middle French affier, affyer (French affier ) (reflexive) to confide in (1115), to commit oneself to marry (1155), to assure, promise (late 12th cent.), to swear, pledge (c1200), (reflexive) to trust, believe (early 12th cent.) < post-classical Latin affidare to pledge faith (11th cent.; frequently from 12th cent. in British sources), to betroth (11th cent.; frequently from 13th cent. in British sources) < af- , variant of ad- af- prefix + fidare to trust (see fidate v.). Compare Old Occitan affizar to assure, guarantee, Catalan afidar to pledge fidelity (to a feudal lord) (a1067), Spanish afiar to pledge faith, guarantee, to trust (in), etc. (early 13th cent. or earlier), Italian affidare (end of the 13th cent.).

Obsolete.

a. intransitive. To trust in someone or something; to rely on (also upon). Also occasionally without construction.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > trust [verb (intransitive)]

hopec888

believeOE

trowc1000

levec1175

strusta1250

trista1250

trestc1275

traista1300

affyc1330

assurec1374

restc1384

sover1488

confidea1525

faith1555

relyc1571

build1573

c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 7359 (MED) His grace is better in to afie Þan armour oþer compeinie.

a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) l. 10240 (MED) Þo þat þou sagh lyke maumetrye, On worldly þyng þey most affye.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 78 On þis Gospatrik William gan affie.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 271 Tharfor in hym affyit he.

?1537 Hugh of Caumpedene tr. Hist. Kyng Boccus sig. Q.j The worlde that men on affye Is but vanyte and folye.

1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Gloucester vi Most faulte of fayth where I most affyed.

1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus i. i. 47 Marcus Andronicus, so I doe affie, In thy vprightnes and integritie.

a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) i. i. §3. 5 Affying onely vpon his owne wit & vnderstanding.

1642 E. Dering Coll. Speeches on Relig. 19 So much they do affie in the goodnesse of their petition, and in the justice of this House.

b. transitive (reflexive). To put one's trust in someone or something; to rely on; to entrust oneself to.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > trust [verb (reflexive)]

trowc950

tresta1250

affyc1350

grounda1387

sickera1400

traista1400

repose1539

stay1549

rest1574

c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) x. 1 (MED) Ich affie me in our Lord [L. In Domino confido].

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 756 My godes þat y me affied on.

c1400 Life St. Alexius (Laud 622) (1878) l. 178 (MED) To god he gan hym al affye.

a1450 Quixley's Ballades in Yorks. Archæol. Jrnl. (1909) 20 48 (MED) To som þat in fortune will hem affie, Sche is bothe white and blak.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxvi. 341 (MED) As I may me in you affy.

1518 H. Watson tr. Hystorye Olyuer of Castylle xlii. sig. I.vij^v All theyr men of warre slayne, in whome they affyed them.

1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie xl. 112 Let them neuer affie themselues in yong houndes.

1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin vi. 315 Somewhat affying themselues in the great promises he made.

1613 York Registry MS. Slenningford I much affie myself in Mr. Heughe Best' just & freindlie dealing.

1652 S. Sheppard Secretaries Studie 24 Applaud my Judgement, for affying it selfe to so deserving a subject.

c. transitive. To have faith in; to trust.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > have confidence in, trust [verb (transitive)]

trowc888

trista1272

trestc1275

ween1340

affy?a1400

betrustc1440

strust1450

traist1473

atristc1475

intrastea1500

betrow?1567

confide1632

salve1646

bank1872

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 155 (MED) It is foly To schewe counseil & skille, þat not is to affie.

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1932) III. l. 15858 Jn his Name to hopen hauen vyctorye, ȝyf hit wyle ben lyk as we affye.

1544 P. Betham tr. J. di Porcia Preceptes Warre i. sig. F.iii They trusted and affyed the Spaynyardes.

1587 G. Turberville Tragicall Tales f. 162^v So greatly she affied him, whilest she did beare the sway.

1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (ii. 5) 589 Who would not rather affie Gods word with one singular Noah, than be incredulous with the whole world?

2. transitive. To affirm or promise solemnly or formally that something is the case, or to do something; to guarantee (a fact).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [verb (transitive)] > on one's faith

affya1450

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1913) II. l. 12384 (MED) Non thyng to hire he wolde discrye, but ȝif of trowthe sche wolde hym affye that neuer sche scholde discouere it to non creature.

a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) 2308 Fair nece..here I you affy That your fadir Deth auenged is well.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 418/2 I affye, I assure or make one certayne of a thynge by my promesse. It is nat for your honour thus by your othe to affye this thyng, and nowe to go from it.

1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas 166 To Affie, Assure, Affirme on his word or credite: vide to Assure.

1677 R. Thoroton Antiq. Notts. 446/1 He did affy or promise to hold this bargain with his right hand.

3. transitive. To promise or commit oneself formally to marry (a person); to marry (a person).Usually said of a man; cf. espouse v. 1a.

ΚΠ

a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) 6052 Neuer..wold he noght mary..No woman wold betrouth neither affy.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. liii^v Whiche Erle by proxie in the name of kynge Iames hys master, affied & contracted the sayd fayre lady.

1603 M. Drayton Barrons Wars iii. lxxxi. 75 The Prince affies faire Phillip [= Philippa] at the last.

1627 M. Drayton Miseries Queene Margarite in Battaile Agincourt 68 Comming to Towers, there sumptuously affide: This one, whose like no age had seene before.

a. transitive. To betroth (a person) to (also unto, with) another; to promise or commit (a person) formally to be married to. Cf. affiance v. 2a. archaic and poetic in later use.Frequently in passive.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > betrothal > betroth [verb (transitive)]

handfastlOE

spousea1225

spousec1300

truthc1330

sickerc1384

assure1393

ensurea1450

fiancea1450

affya1500

insure1530

affiance1531

promise1548

betroth1566

espouse1581

contract1599

engage1728

a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) l. 5087 (MED) In noble Bretain gan he to mary, Affyed and sured to A gret lady.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. xvii Margaret whiche was affied to Charles the .vii. Frenche kyng.

1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 284 The wise Duke,..for more safetie, affied him to his daughter, to be taken in marriage.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) iv. i. 80 Daring to affye a mighty Lord Vnto the daughter of a worthlesse King.

a1639 D. Digges Compl. Ambassador (1655) 13 He was suddenly accepted by that Q. to be affied in contract of Marriage with her.

1642 W. Bird Mag. of Honour 34 He was affied to Alice the daughter of the Earl of Moreton.

1705 N. Rowe Biter iii. 62 I wou'd not affie my Daughter to you.

1782 Lady's Poet. Mag. 3 77 Great Leicester's daughter, to the prince affy'd, Was basely to the English court convey'd.

1819 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 4 405/2 Earth's Maker, when he hailed his bride, To her a triple spouse affied.

b. transitive. figurative. To bind, attach, or pledge (a person or thing) to (also unto) someone or something. Also occasionally with in.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > bind (a person) morally or legally [verb (transitive)] > bind to a person or thing by ties of duty

bind1530

affy1566

1566 T. Drant tr. Horace Medicinable Morall sig. A That none contente abyde In trayned trade, that whylome choyse or chaunce to them affyed.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius iii. f. 405^v Vnto the which [images] the Christian people might be so affyed, as to celebrate the dead portraict of dead bodies with more then prophane Religiousnesse.

1594 R. Carew tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne iv. 162 A frayd I was eu'n to disclose my feare, Least haste might life sooner to death affy.

1625 R. Montagu Appello Cæsarem 69 Personall respects rather seeme to affie me unto that Synod.

1855 P. J. Bailey Mystic 18 His [soul] Affied to God.

1866 J. B. Rose tr. Ovid Metamorphoses 293 He speaks to it [sc. a statue carved as a wife], and touches; and affied In self-deception sees impression made.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	affy
释义	† affyn. Forms: Middle English affye, Middle English affie. Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by conversion. Or (ii) a borrowing from French. Etymons: affy v.; French afi. Etymology: Either < affy v., or < Middle French afi reliance, assurance, feudal commitment (12th cent. in Old French), affie engagement, promise (1499) < afier , affier affy v. Obsolete. Reliance, trust (in a person). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > [noun] ylevec888 levec950 hopec1000 trothc1175 trusta1200 trutha1200 tristc1200 beliefa1225 tresta1300 traistinga1340 traistnessa1340 fiance1340 affiancec1350 affyc1380 tristening1382 credencea1393 faitha1393 levenessc1400 confidencec1430 credulity?a1439 trustingc1450 confiance1490 credit1533 fiduce1582 confidency1606 confidingness1682 c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 2167 Wommanes wyt goþ her & þer; in hymen ys noȝtt affye. c1450 (a1400) Chevalere Assigne 10 in W. H. French & C. B. Hale Middle Eng. Metrical Romances (1930) 860 She sette her affye in Sathanas of helle. ?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 357 (MED) For all creaturis in you don affye. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † affyv. Forms: Middle English afie, Middle English afy, Middle English afye, Middle English afyghe, Middle English–1600s affye, Middle English–1700s affie, Middle English–1800s affy, late Middle English affice (3rd singular present indicative); Scottish pre-1700 affye, pre-1700 effy, pre-1700 1800s affy. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French afier. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French afier, Anglo-Norman and Middle French affier, affyer (French affier ) (reflexive) to confide in (1115), to commit oneself to marry (1155), to assure, promise (late 12th cent.), to swear, pledge (c1200), (reflexive) to trust, believe (early 12th cent.) < post-classical Latin affidare to pledge faith (11th cent.; frequently from 12th cent. in British sources), to betroth (11th cent.; frequently from 13th cent. in British sources) < af- , variant of ad- af- prefix + fidare to trust (see fidate v.). Compare Old Occitan affizar to assure, guarantee, Catalan afidar to pledge fidelity (to a feudal lord) (a1067), Spanish afiar to pledge faith, guarantee, to trust (in), etc. (early 13th cent. or earlier), Italian affidare (end of the 13th cent.). Obsolete. 1. a. intransitive. To trust in someone or something; to rely on (also upon). Also occasionally without construction. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > trust [verb (intransitive)] hopec888 believeOE trowc1000 levec1175 strusta1250 trista1250 trestc1275 traista1300 affyc1330 assurec1374 restc1384 sover1488 confidea1525 faith1555 relyc1571 build1573 c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 7359 (MED) His grace is better in to afie Þan armour oþer compeinie. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) l. 10240 (MED) Þo þat þou sagh lyke maumetrye, On worldly þyng þey most affye. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 78 On þis Gospatrik William gan affie. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 271 Tharfor in hym affyit he. ?1537 Hugh of Caumpedene tr. Hist. Kyng Boccus sig. Q.j The worlde that men on affye Is but vanyte and folye. 1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Gloucester vi Most faulte of fayth where I most affyed. 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus i. i. 47 Marcus Andronicus, so I doe affie, In thy vprightnes and integritie. View more context for this quotation a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) i. i. §3. 5 Affying onely vpon his owne wit & vnderstanding. 1642 E. Dering Coll. Speeches on Relig. 19 So much they do affie in the goodnesse of their petition, and in the justice of this House. b. transitive (reflexive). To put one's trust in someone or something; to rely on; to entrust oneself to. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > trust [verb (reflexive)] trowc950 tresta1250 affyc1350 grounda1387 sickera1400 traista1400 repose1539 stay1549 rest1574 c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) x. 1 (MED) Ich affie me in our Lord [L. In Domino confido]. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 756 My godes þat y me affied on. c1400 Life St. Alexius (Laud 622) (1878) l. 178 (MED) To god he gan hym al affye. a1450 Quixley's Ballades in Yorks. Archæol. Jrnl. (1909) 20 48 (MED) To som þat in fortune will hem affie, Sche is bothe white and blak. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxvi. 341 (MED) As I may me in you affy. 1518 H. Watson tr. Hystorye Olyuer of Castylle xlii. sig. I.vij^v All theyr men of warre slayne, in whome they affyed them. 1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie xl. 112 Let them neuer affie themselues in yong houndes. 1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin vi. 315 Somewhat affying themselues in the great promises he made. 1613 York Registry MS. Slenningford I much affie myself in Mr. Heughe Best' just & freindlie dealing. 1652 S. Sheppard Secretaries Studie 24 Applaud my Judgement, for affying it selfe to so deserving a subject. c. transitive. To have faith in; to trust. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > have confidence in, trust [verb (transitive)] trowc888 trista1272 trestc1275 ween1340 affy?a1400 betrustc1440 strust1450 traist1473 atristc1475 intrastea1500 betrow?1567 confide1632 salve1646 bank1872 ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 155 (MED) It is foly To schewe counseil & skille, þat not is to affie. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1932) III. l. 15858 Jn his Name to hopen hauen vyctorye, ȝyf hit wyle ben lyk as we affye. 1544 P. Betham tr. J. di Porcia Preceptes Warre i. sig. F.iii They trusted and affyed the Spaynyardes. 1587 G. Turberville Tragicall Tales f. 162^v So greatly she affied him, whilest she did beare the sway. 1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (ii. 5) 589 Who would not rather affie Gods word with one singular Noah, than be incredulous with the whole world? 2. transitive. To affirm or promise solemnly or formally that something is the case, or to do something; to guarantee (a fact). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [verb (transitive)] > on one's faith affya1450 a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1913) II. l. 12384 (MED) Non thyng to hire he wolde discrye, but ȝif of trowthe sche wolde hym affye that neuer sche scholde discouere it to non creature. a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) 2308 Fair nece..here I you affy That your fadir Deth auenged is well. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 418/2 I affye, I assure or make one certayne of a thynge by my promesse. It is nat for your honour thus by your othe to affye this thyng, and nowe to go from it. 1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas 166 To Affie, Assure, Affirme on his word or credite: vide to Assure. 1677 R. Thoroton Antiq. Notts. 446/1 He did affy or promise to hold this bargain with his right hand. 3. transitive. To promise or commit oneself formally to marry (a person); to marry (a person).Usually said of a man; cf. espouse v. 1a. ΚΠ a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) 6052 Neuer..wold he noght mary..No woman wold betrouth neither affy. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. liii^v Whiche Erle by proxie in the name of kynge Iames hys master, affied & contracted the sayd fayre lady. 1603 M. Drayton Barrons Wars iii. lxxxi. 75 The Prince affies faire Phillip [= Philippa] at the last. 1627 M. Drayton Miseries Queene Margarite in Battaile Agincourt 68 Comming to Towers, there sumptuously affide: This one, whose like no age had seene before. 4. a. transitive. To betroth (a person) to (also unto, with) another; to promise or commit (a person) formally to be married to. Cf. affiance v. 2a. archaic and poetic in later use.Frequently in passive. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > betrothal > betroth [verb (transitive)] handfastlOE spousea1225 spousec1300 truthc1330 sickerc1384 assure1393 ensurea1450 fiancea1450 affya1500 insure1530 affiance1531 promise1548 betroth1566 espouse1581 contract1599 engage1728 a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) l. 5087 (MED) In noble Bretain gan he to mary, Affyed and sured to A gret lady. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. xvii Margaret whiche was affied to Charles the .vii. Frenche kyng. 1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 284 The wise Duke,..for more safetie, affied him to his daughter, to be taken in marriage. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) iv. i. 80 Daring to affye a mighty Lord Vnto the daughter of a worthlesse King. View more context for this quotation a1639 D. Digges Compl. Ambassador (1655) 13 He was suddenly accepted by that Q. to be affied in contract of Marriage with her. 1642 W. Bird Mag. of Honour 34 He was affied to Alice the daughter of the Earl of Moreton. 1705 N. Rowe Biter iii. 62 I wou'd not affie my Daughter to you. 1782 Lady's Poet. Mag. 3 77 Great Leicester's daughter, to the prince affy'd, Was basely to the English court convey'd. 1819 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 4 405/2 Earth's Maker, when he hailed his bride, To her a triple spouse affied. b. transitive. figurative. To bind, attach, or pledge (a person or thing) to (also unto) someone or something. Also occasionally with in. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > bind (a person) morally or legally [verb (transitive)] > bind to a person or thing by ties of duty bind1530 affy1566 1566 T. Drant tr. Horace Medicinable Morall sig. A That none contente abyde In trayned trade, that whylome choyse or chaunce to them affyed. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius iii. f. 405^v Vnto the which [images] the Christian people might be so affyed, as to celebrate the dead portraict of dead bodies with more then prophane Religiousnesse. 1594 R. Carew tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne iv. 162 A frayd I was eu'n to disclose my feare, Least haste might life sooner to death affy. 1625 R. Montagu Appello Cæsarem 69 Personall respects rather seeme to affie me unto that Synod. 1855 P. J. Bailey Mystic 18 His [soul] Affied to God. 1866 J. B. Rose tr. Ovid Metamorphoses 293 He speaks to it [sc. a statue carved as a wife], and touches; and affied In self-deception sees impression made. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1380v.c1330
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† affyn.

† affyv.