cholestericadj.n.

Brit.

/kəˈlɛst(ə)rɪk/,

/kɒˈlɛst(ə)rɪk/, U.S.

/kəˈlɛstəˌrɪk/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: cholester- comb. form, -ic suffix.

Etymology: < cholester- comb. form + -ic suffix, after French cholestérique (1817 in acide cholestérique cholesteric acid: P. J. Pelletier & J. B. Caventou, in Jrnl. de pharm. 3 295; 1922 with reference to liquid crystals (G. Friedel in Annales de physique 18 384), so called because first observed in esters of cholesterol).

A. adj.

1. Chemistry. Of, relating to, or derived from cholesterin (cholesterol); containing cholesterol or a cholesteryl radical. Now rare. cholesteric acid n. any of various acidic substances produced by the oxidation of cholesterol.

ΚΠ

1818 London Med. Repository 9 35 Cholesteric Acid. This name has been given to a substance which is supposed to be a new acid, that has been obtained by the action of nitric acid on the adipocire of biliary calculi, by M.M. Pelletier and Caventou.

1840 W. Henry Elem. Chem. II. xiii. 444 Cholesteric acid separates on cooling in the form of a yellow substance.

1847–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. i. 98/1 Several small tumours..composed in great part of cholesteric scales.

1979 J. C. Burfoot & G. W. Taylor Polar Dielectrics & their Applic. xviii. 405 Cholesteric liquid crystal behaviour occurs in cholesteric esters (steroids).

1996 J. L. Serrano et al. Metallomesogens i. 2 Later, he [sc. Reinitzer] also reported on the appearance of similar phenomena for the silver salt of cholesteric acid.

2. Physics. Designating nematic liquid crystals (also called chiral nematic) composed of chiral molecules arranged in layers, their axes being parallel to the plane of the layers and the general orientation in each layer being at an angle to that in adjacent layers, producing a helical organization; relating to or characterized by this structure.

ΚΠ

1923 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 124 ii. 224 The smectic form is always optically positive, but the latter may be divided into two classes, nematic proper and cholesteric, according to the sign of the rotation.

1969 E. M. Barrall et al. in Proc. 2nd Internat. Conf. Thermal Anal. I. 558 On cooling the isotropic liquid, a cholesteric mesophase forms at 98.6°C.

1972 New Scientist 14 Dec. 632/1 Many cholesteric materials possess the property of selective scattering at some wavelength of light.

2006 Personal Computer World May 22 (caption) The Fujitsu screen..uses three layers of cholesteric liquid crystal.

B. n.

Physics. A cholesteric liquid crystal. Usually in plural.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > crystallography (general) > crystal (general) > crystal types > [noun]

negative crystal1831

plastic crystal1877

liquid crystal1891

cholesteric1965

mesomorph1969

1965 in tr. A. Dauvillier Photochem. Origin Life v. 113 Of all the mesomorphic compounds, the cholesterics are the only ones to be all of negative optical sign.

1972 New Scientist 14 Dec. 652/1 Cholesterics are not much used for absolute temperature measurement, but they can be used effectively for plotting temperature contours.

1994 E. I. Kats & V. V. Lebedev Fluctuational Effects in Dynamics Liquid Crystals v. 93 From the large-scale point of view in statics a cholesteric is virtually equivalent to a smectic.

2006 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 364 2751 Their basic idea is to use a fluorescent dye dissolved in the liquid crystal to provide gain, and to use the periodic structure of helical cholesterics to provide distributed feedback.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	cholesteric
释义	cholestericadj.n. Brit. /kəˈlɛst(ə)rɪk/, /kɒˈlɛst(ə)rɪk/, U.S. /kəˈlɛstəˌrɪk/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: cholester- comb. form, -ic suffix. Etymology: < cholester- comb. form + -ic suffix, after French cholestérique (1817 in acide cholestérique cholesteric acid: P. J. Pelletier & J. B. Caventou, in Jrnl. de pharm. 3 295; 1922 with reference to liquid crystals (G. Friedel in Annales de physique 18 384), so called because first observed in esters of cholesterol). A. adj. 1. Chemistry. Of, relating to, or derived from cholesterin (cholesterol); containing cholesterol or a cholesteryl radical. Now rare. cholesteric acid n. any of various acidic substances produced by the oxidation of cholesterol. ΚΠ 1818 London Med. Repository 9 35 Cholesteric Acid. This name has been given to a substance which is supposed to be a new acid, that has been obtained by the action of nitric acid on the adipocire of biliary calculi, by M.M. Pelletier and Caventou. 1840 W. Henry Elem. Chem. II. xiii. 444 Cholesteric acid separates on cooling in the form of a yellow substance. 1847–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. i. 98/1 Several small tumours..composed in great part of cholesteric scales. 1979 J. C. Burfoot & G. W. Taylor Polar Dielectrics & their Applic. xviii. 405 Cholesteric liquid crystal behaviour occurs in cholesteric esters (steroids). 1996 J. L. Serrano et al. Metallomesogens i. 2 Later, he [sc. Reinitzer] also reported on the appearance of similar phenomena for the silver salt of cholesteric acid. 2. Physics. Designating nematic liquid crystals (also called chiral nematic) composed of chiral molecules arranged in layers, their axes being parallel to the plane of the layers and the general orientation in each layer being at an angle to that in adjacent layers, producing a helical organization; relating to or characterized by this structure. ΚΠ 1923 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 124 ii. 224 The smectic form is always optically positive, but the latter may be divided into two classes, nematic proper and cholesteric, according to the sign of the rotation. 1969 E. M. Barrall et al. in Proc. 2nd Internat. Conf. Thermal Anal. I. 558 On cooling the isotropic liquid, a cholesteric mesophase forms at 98.6°C. 1972 New Scientist 14 Dec. 632/1 Many cholesteric materials possess the property of selective scattering at some wavelength of light. 2006 Personal Computer World May 22 (caption) The Fujitsu screen..uses three layers of cholesteric liquid crystal. B. n. Physics. A cholesteric liquid crystal. Usually in plural. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > crystallography (general) > crystal (general) > crystal types > [noun] negative crystal1831 plastic crystal1877 liquid crystal1891 cholesteric1965 mesomorph1969 1965 in tr. A. Dauvillier Photochem. Origin Life v. 113 Of all the mesomorphic compounds, the cholesterics are the only ones to be all of negative optical sign. 1972 New Scientist 14 Dec. 652/1 Cholesterics are not much used for absolute temperature measurement, but they can be used effectively for plotting temperature contours. 1994 E. I. Kats & V. V. Lebedev Fluctuational Effects in Dynamics Liquid Crystals v. 93 From the large-scale point of view in statics a cholesteric is virtually equivalent to a smectic. 2006 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 364 2751 Their basic idea is to use a fluorescent dye dissolved in the liquid crystal to provide gain, and to use the periodic structure of helical cholesterics to provide distributed feedback. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.1818
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