chieftainn.

/ˈtʃiːftɪn/

Forms: Middle English cheftayne, Middle English–1500s chieftayne, 1500s–1600s chieftaine, 1600s–1700s chieftan, Middle English– chieftain; also Middle English chefteyn, chiftaigne, chyftan, Middle English chefteyne, cheftane, cheftaigne, cheftayn, cheftan, chiftene, chiefteyn, chyeftayne, Middle English–1600s Scottish chiftan, 1500s chefetaine, cheefteine, cheefetein, chiefteyne, chiefteine, ( cheiftane, chiefden), 1500s–1600s chiefetain(e, chiftain, 1600s cheeftain(e, (1700s cheiftan).

Etymology: Middle English chef- , chieftayne , arose as a variant of the earlier chevetaine n., partly phonetic (for chevtaine ), partly assimilated to chef , chief n., and gradually superseded all the varieties of the earlier form. Chiefteyn, cheftain occur occasionally in Anglo-Norman.

†1. The head of a body of men, of an organization, state, town, party, office, etc.; head-man, ruler, chief. Obsolete in gen. sense.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > [noun] > those in authority > person in authority > head or chief

headeOE

headmanOE

headsmanOE

masterlinga1200

dukec1275

chevetaine1297

chief1297

headlingc1300

principalc1325

captainc1380

primatec1384

chieftainc1400

master-man1424

principate1483

grand captain1531

headmaster?1545

knap of the casec1555

capitano1594

muqaddam1598

mudaliyar1662

reis1677

sachem1684

doge1705

prytanis1790

gam1827

main guy1882

oga1917

ras1935

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1295 Wyth charged chariotes þe cheftayne he fyndez.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin vi. 97 To yeve vs a kynge and chiefteyn that may saue and mayntene holy cherche.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 3662 To chese hom a cheftayn to be chefe of þem all.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) xi. 76 Inglismen tuik not God to be their cheiftane.

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 1019/1 The magistrates and cheefeteins of the citie.

1837 F. Palgrave Merchant & Friar (1844) ii. 52 Every one of these groups of peasantry..had a species of chieftain.

a. A military leader; a captain. archaic and poetic.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > leader or commander > [noun]

heretogac900

marshal1258

chevetaine1297

chieftainc1330

arrayerc1370

governora1382

master of (the) chivalrya1382

leadera1387

war-headlinga1400

emperorc1400

captain1450

conductor1483

grand captain1531

commendador1580

lodesman1581

conducta1592

commander1598

induperator1599

war-captain1610

war-chief1610

war-leader1610

most mastera1616

commandant1687

commandant-general1827

baron1919

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 16 Dardan hight þe cheftayn of þat company, Sadok sonne of Danmark kyng Danesry.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 4790 Then Agamynon..chargit hom as cheften all his choise pepull.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 416 The Scottes..appoynted two Armies to inuade Englande. Of the first was Chiefetaine syr Thomas Halibarton.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 434 Sent to the sea Lord Edmond Holland Erle of Kent, as Chefetaine of that Crewe.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 16 These two armies conducted by their most resolute chieftains.

1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. xvii. 172 Ah, Hector, Chieftain of excelling form.

1816 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto III xxiii. 14 Brunswick's fated chieftain.

1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 190 The Chieftain, paced beside, The centre of the troop allied.

b. The captain or leader of a band of robbers.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > robber > brigand > [noun] > leader

thief errantc1386

chieftaina1649

a1649 W. Drummond Hist. James I in Wks. (1711) 6 Rather..than render himself Chiftain of Thievish Troops.

1847 L. H. Kerr tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Servia 134 The robber chieftain left them; the Pacha of Bosnia came to their aid.

3. The chief n. of a clan or tribe:

a. of a Highland clan. (Attempts have been made to differentiate chief and chieftain: see quot. 1833.) Also sometimes extended to heads of Border clans and others representing the oldest branch of their family.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > rule or government of family or tribe > head of family, tribe, or clan > [noun] > Scottish

chieftain1587

toisech1836

1587 Sc. Acts (1597) §94 [erroneously printed §96] The Captaines, chieffes, and chieftaines of all Clannes..and the principalls of the branches of the saidis Clannes.

1587 Sc. Acts (1597) §100 To require..redresse thereof, at the chiefe of the Clanne, or chieftaine of the Cuntrie.

1639 Sc. Parl., Minutes of Articles 17 Oct. That the chieftanes of Clannes and Landislorde might be obleist to bring in all brokin men.

1772 T. Pennant Tours Scotl. (1774) 207 The islands still remained governed by powerful chieftains.

1814 W. Scott Let. 8 Aug. (1932) III. 481 Health to the Chieftain from his clansman true!

1833 W. Scott Rob Roy Introd., in Waverley Novels XV. 215 Chieftains, which, in the Highland acceptation, signifies the head of a particular branch of a tribe, in opposition to Chief, who is the leader and commander of the whole name.

1842 M. R. Mitford in A. G. L'Estrange Life M. R. Mitford (1870) III. ix. 160 She [Lady Willoughby] wore..the chieftain's bonnet with two eagle's feathers.

1858 W. E. Gladstone Stud. Homer I. 460 The Macdonalds, Lords of the Isles..who claimed to be Kings as well as Chieftains.

b. of a tribe or preliterate people.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > rule or government of family or tribe > head of family, tribe, or clan > [noun]

alderOE

patriarchc1200

prince?c1225

chief1587

top1615

chieftain1837

1837 W. Irving Adventures Capt. Bonneville II. 165 Prevailing upon the Crow chieftain to return him his horses.

1841 I. D'Israeli Amenities Lit. I. 83 Beowulf, a chieftain of the Western Danes, was the Achilles of the North.

1845 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 I. i. 69 The chieftains of Rajputana, particularly the Rajas of Bundi and Jaypur.

†4. A person who takes a chief or leading part; a leader, principal, head. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > leader

lattewc825

lodera1325

chieftainc1386

foreleadera1400

bellwetherc1430

aurigac1460

leader1489

Moses1528

ringleader1548

general1582

foreman1603

coryphaeus1633

foreheada1641

senator1656

father1771

o-muraji1869

simba1964

neta1984

1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xxxviij The cheuetaynes of the coniuracion in Englande.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 412 The Abbot..heeryng that the Chiefeteynes of his Felowship were taken and executed.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xl. liii. 1092 To proceed against them who had been the cheeftaines and counsellers to persuade them to passe over the Alpes.

figurative.c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋313 The deedly synnes, this is to seyn Chieftaynes of synnes..Now been they cleped Chieftaynes for as much as they been chief.

5. Heraldry. = chief n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > escutcheon or shield > [noun] > upmost third portion

chiefa1440

chieftain1572

chevetaine1586

1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 30^v Here the fielde remaynethe perfecte without alteration of coloure, and abydeth onely as charged in the chefetaine.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	chieftain
释义	chieftainn. /ˈtʃiːftɪn/ Forms: Middle English cheftayne, Middle English–1500s chieftayne, 1500s–1600s chieftaine, 1600s–1700s chieftan, Middle English– chieftain; also Middle English chefteyn, chiftaigne, chyftan, Middle English chefteyne, cheftane, cheftaigne, cheftayn, cheftan, chiftene, chiefteyn, chyeftayne, Middle English–1600s Scottish chiftan, 1500s chefetaine, cheefteine, cheefetein, chiefteyne, chiefteine, ( cheiftane, chiefden), 1500s–1600s chiefetain(e, chiftain, 1600s cheeftain(e, (1700s cheiftan). Etymology: Middle English chef- , chieftayne , arose as a variant of the earlier chevetaine n., partly phonetic (for chevtaine ), partly assimilated to chef , chief n., and gradually superseded all the varieties of the earlier form. Chiefteyn, cheftain occur occasionally in Anglo-Norman. †1. The head of a body of men, of an organization, state, town, party, office, etc.; head-man, ruler, chief. Obsolete in gen. sense. ΘΚΠ society > authority > [noun] > those in authority > person in authority > head or chief headeOE headmanOE headsmanOE masterlinga1200 dukec1275 chevetaine1297 chief1297 headlingc1300 principalc1325 captainc1380 primatec1384 chieftainc1400 master-man1424 principate1483 grand captain1531 headmaster?1545 knap of the casec1555 capitano1594 muqaddam1598 mudaliyar1662 reis1677 sachem1684 doge1705 prytanis1790 gam1827 main guy1882 oga1917 ras1935 c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1295 Wyth charged chariotes þe cheftayne he fyndez. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin vi. 97 To yeve vs a kynge and chiefteyn that may saue and mayntene holy cherche. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 3662 To chese hom a cheftayn to be chefe of þem all. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) xi. 76 Inglismen tuik not God to be their cheiftane. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 1019/1 The magistrates and cheefeteins of the citie. 1837 F. Palgrave Merchant & Friar (1844) ii. 52 Every one of these groups of peasantry..had a species of chieftain. 2. a. A military leader; a captain. archaic and poetic. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > leader or commander > [noun] heretogac900 marshal1258 chevetaine1297 chieftainc1330 arrayerc1370 governora1382 master of (the) chivalrya1382 leadera1387 war-headlinga1400 emperorc1400 captain1450 conductor1483 grand captain1531 commendador1580 lodesman1581 conducta1592 commander1598 induperator1599 war-captain1610 war-chief1610 war-leader1610 most mastera1616 commandant1687 commandant-general1827 baron1919 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 16 Dardan hight þe cheftayn of þat company, Sadok sonne of Danmark kyng Danesry. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 4790 Then Agamynon..chargit hom as cheften all his choise pepull. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 416 The Scottes..appoynted two Armies to inuade Englande. Of the first was Chiefetaine syr Thomas Halibarton. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 434 Sent to the sea Lord Edmond Holland Erle of Kent, as Chefetaine of that Crewe. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 16 These two armies conducted by their most resolute chieftains. 1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. xvii. 172 Ah, Hector, Chieftain of excelling form. 1816 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto III xxiii. 14 Brunswick's fated chieftain. 1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 190 The Chieftain, paced beside, The centre of the troop allied. b. The captain or leader of a band of robbers. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > robber > brigand > [noun] > leader thief errantc1386 chieftaina1649 a1649 W. Drummond Hist. James I in Wks. (1711) 6 Rather..than render himself Chiftain of Thievish Troops. 1847 L. H. Kerr tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Servia 134 The robber chieftain left them; the Pacha of Bosnia came to their aid. 3. The chief n. of a clan or tribe: a. of a Highland clan. (Attempts have been made to differentiate chief and chieftain: see quot. 1833.) Also sometimes extended to heads of Border clans and others representing the oldest branch of their family. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > rule or government of family or tribe > head of family, tribe, or clan > [noun] > Scottish chieftain1587 toisech1836 1587 Sc. Acts (1597) §94 [erroneously printed §96] The Captaines, chieffes, and chieftaines of all Clannes..and the principalls of the branches of the saidis Clannes. 1587 Sc. Acts (1597) §100 To require..redresse thereof, at the chiefe of the Clanne, or chieftaine of the Cuntrie. 1639 Sc. Parl., Minutes of Articles 17 Oct. That the chieftanes of Clannes and Landislorde might be obleist to bring in all brokin men. 1772 T. Pennant Tours Scotl. (1774) 207 The islands still remained governed by powerful chieftains. 1814 W. Scott Let. 8 Aug. (1932) III. 481 Health to the Chieftain from his clansman true! 1833 W. Scott Rob Roy Introd., in Waverley Novels XV. 215 Chieftains, which, in the Highland acceptation, signifies the head of a particular branch of a tribe, in opposition to Chief, who is the leader and commander of the whole name. 1842 M. R. Mitford in A. G. L'Estrange Life M. R. Mitford (1870) III. ix. 160 She [Lady Willoughby] wore..the chieftain's bonnet with two eagle's feathers. 1858 W. E. Gladstone Stud. Homer I. 460 The Macdonalds, Lords of the Isles..who claimed to be Kings as well as Chieftains. b. of a tribe or preliterate people. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > rule or government of family or tribe > head of family, tribe, or clan > [noun] alderOE patriarchc1200 prince?c1225 chief1587 top1615 chieftain1837 1837 W. Irving Adventures Capt. Bonneville II. 165 Prevailing upon the Crow chieftain to return him his horses. 1841 I. D'Israeli Amenities Lit. I. 83 Beowulf, a chieftain of the Western Danes, was the Achilles of the North. 1845 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 I. i. 69 The chieftains of Rajputana, particularly the Rajas of Bundi and Jaypur. †4. A person who takes a chief or leading part; a leader, principal, head. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > leader lattewc825 lodera1325 chieftainc1386 foreleadera1400 bellwetherc1430 aurigac1460 leader1489 Moses1528 ringleader1548 general1582 foreman1603 coryphaeus1633 foreheada1641 senator1656 father1771 o-muraji1869 simba1964 neta1984 1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xxxviij The cheuetaynes of the coniuracion in Englande. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 412 The Abbot..heeryng that the Chiefeteynes of his Felowship were taken and executed. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xl. liii. 1092 To proceed against them who had been the cheeftaines and counsellers to persuade them to passe over the Alpes. figurative.c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋313 The deedly synnes, this is to seyn Chieftaynes of synnes..Now been they cleped Chieftaynes for as much as they been chief. 5. Heraldry. = chief n. 3. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > escutcheon or shield > [noun] > upmost third portion chiefa1440 chieftain1572 chevetaine1586 1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 30^v Here the fielde remaynethe perfecte without alteration of coloure, and abydeth onely as charged in the chefetaine. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.c1330
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