afleyedadj.

Brit.

/əˈfleɪd/, U.S.

/əˈfleɪd/, Scottish English

/əˈfled/

Forms: Old English afliged, late Middle English 1800s aflayed, 1600s afflayed, 1700s–1800s afley'd (Scottish), 1800s afflaid, 1800s affley'd, 1800s 2000s– aflaid.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: afley v., -ed suffix¹.

Etymology: < afley v. + -ed suffix¹. With sense 2 perhaps compare earlier afflict adj. (especially the α. forms at that entry) and slightly later aflocht adj.; compare also earlier afraid adj.In the 20th cent., a form aflaid is frequently attested in representations of a child's or a non-native speaker's pronunciation of afraid adj., independently of the uses illustrated here.

Scottish and English regional (northern) in later use.

†1. Of a person: that has turned his or her back on something. In quot.: apostate. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

eOE (Kentish) Glosses to Proverbs of Solomon (Vesp. D.vi) in U. Kalbhen Kentische Glossen (2003) 121 Homo apostata : afliged mon, .i. retrogradiens.

2. In predicative use: frightened, afraid.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > [adjective]

affrightedOE

ofdreadOE

afearedOE

offearedlOE

radc1175

frightya1325

fearedc1330

fearfulc1374

afraidc1380

frayeda1400

wrotha1400

afearc1410

ghastful1422

fleyedc1425

afleyeda1500

a flighta1535

effrayed1553

flight-given?1611

hareda1618

frighted1647

affrightened1649

frighteneda1721

scared1725

intimidated1727

frightsome1827

scary1827

funked1831

fearing1837

funked out1859

fearsome1863

chickenshit1940

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xviii. 296 Tha[n] was the kynge loot sore aflayed, ffor thei mette Teucus with thre thousand saisnes.

1782 Fergusson's Poet. Wks. 85 The herds wou'd gather in their nowt..Hafflins afley'd to bide thereout To hear thy thunder.

1824 W. Carr Horæ Momenta Cravenæ 51 As I wor aflaid of a clout o' my heeod, I thought it safest way to steeal quietly off.

1851 Ainsworth's Mag. 19 145 The soldiers..were ‘afflaid’ to go to fight the blacks—evidently alluding to the Sikhs.

1884 J. Rye Kirby-in-the-Dale II. ix. 173 T' yoong chap 's a deeäl too much aflayed o' t' auld lord.

2005 B. Griffiths Dict. North East Dial. (ed. 2) 59/2 ‘The folks o' wor raw was aflaid’ Allan's Tyneside Songs..‘aflaid—afraid’ Tanfield Lea 1960.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	afleyed
释义	afleyedadj. Brit. /əˈfleɪd/, U.S. /əˈfleɪd/, Scottish English /əˈfled/ Forms: Old English afliged, late Middle English 1800s aflayed, 1600s afflayed, 1700s–1800s afley'd (Scottish), 1800s afflaid, 1800s affley'd, 1800s 2000s– aflaid. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: afley v., -ed suffix¹. Etymology: < afley v. + -ed suffix¹. With sense 2 perhaps compare earlier afflict adj. (especially the α. forms at that entry) and slightly later aflocht adj.; compare also earlier afraid adj.In the 20th cent., a form aflaid is frequently attested in representations of a child's or a non-native speaker's pronunciation of afraid adj., independently of the uses illustrated here. Scottish and English regional (northern) in later use. †1. Of a person: that has turned his or her back on something. In quot.: apostate. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ eOE (Kentish) Glosses to Proverbs of Solomon (Vesp. D.vi) in U. Kalbhen Kentische Glossen (2003) 121 Homo apostata : afliged mon, .i. retrogradiens. 2. In predicative use: frightened, afraid. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > [adjective] affrightedOE ofdreadOE afearedOE offearedlOE radc1175 frightya1325 fearedc1330 fearfulc1374 afraidc1380 frayeda1400 wrotha1400 afearc1410 ghastful1422 fleyedc1425 afleyeda1500 a flighta1535 effrayed1553 flight-given?1611 hareda1618 frighted1647 affrightened1649 frighteneda1721 scared1725 intimidated1727 frightsome1827 scary1827 funked1831 fearing1837 funked out1859 fearsome1863 chickenshit1940 a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xviii. 296 Tha[n] was the kynge loot sore aflayed, ffor thei mette Teucus with thre thousand saisnes. 1782 Fergusson's Poet. Wks. 85 The herds wou'd gather in their nowt..Hafflins afley'd to bide thereout To hear thy thunder. 1824 W. Carr Horæ Momenta Cravenæ 51 As I wor aflaid of a clout o' my heeod, I thought it safest way to steeal quietly off. 1851 Ainsworth's Mag. 19 145 The soldiers..were ‘afflaid’ to go to fight the blacks—evidently alluding to the Sikhs. 1884 J. Rye Kirby-in-the-Dale II. ix. 173 T' yoong chap 's a deeäl too much aflayed o' t' auld lord. 2005 B. Griffiths Dict. North East Dial. (ed. 2) 59/2 ‘The folks o' wor raw was aflaid’ Allan's Tyneside Songs..‘aflaid—afraid’ Tanfield Lea 1960. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.eOE
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