church scotn.

Brit.

/ˈtʃəːtʃ skɒt/, U.S.

/ˈtʃərtʃ ˌskɑt/

Forms:

α. Old English ciricsceott, early Middle English chirchschot, Middle English chirchesoht, Middle English circheschot, 1600s– church shot.

β. 1600s– church scot.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: church n.¹, shot n.¹, scot n.²

Etymology: In α. forms < church n.¹ + shot n.¹ (compare shot n.¹ IV.), in β. forms < church n.¹ + scot n.²; in both cases probably as alteration of churchset n. Compare kirk scot n.It is not entirely certain that the second element of the Old English form ciricsceott (one isolated attestation: see quot. OE at α. ) represents sceot shot n.¹ rather than sceatt scat n.¹, i.e. it may perhaps show a spelling of churchset n.

historical after Middle English.

In Anglo-Saxon England: a tax or customary payment rendered to the Church, typically in grain, and usually on or by St Martin's day (11 November). In later medieval England: any of a number of contributions in kind (or money) demanded as a traditional ecclesiastical due and usually required to be paid by a tenant to his or her lord. Cf. churchset n., kirk scot n.In the Anglo-Saxon period the payment is sometimes specified as one measure or mit n. of wheat or high-quality grain per hide (cf. quot. OE¹ at churchset n. α. ). From early times secular authorities imposed fines for omission of the payment (cf. quot. eOE at churchset n. α. and quot. 1910 at β. ), and they became increasingly involved in regulating its exaction in the 10th cent., when the payment of tithes was also introduced (cf. tithe n.² 1a).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > benefice > other financial matters > [noun] > church dues

churchseteOE

church scotOE

kirk scota1200

duty1431

droit1481

hearth money1660

α.

OE Charter: Bp. Oswald to King Edgar (Sawyer 1368) in W. de G. Birch Cartularium Saxonicum (1893) III. 382 Omnia que ad jus ipsius æcclesiæ juste competunt, scilicet ea que Anglice dicuntur ciricsceott & toll, id est thelon, et tacc id est swin sceade.

a1300 ( Leges Hen. I xi. §4 in F. Liebermann Gesetze der Angelsachsen (1903) I. 557 (margin) Chirchschot.

?c1350 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 33 Chirchesoht, une certeine summe de ble batu.

a1400 in H. Hall Red Bk. Exchequer (1896) iii. 1039 Circheschot vel chirkomer vel chirhambre.

a1641 H. Spelman Reliquiæ Spelmannianæ (1698) viii. 17 To defend the Sea, his own head, and the peace, to pay Alms-monies, Church-seeds, Church-shots, and other things.

1678 J. Godolphin Repertorium Canonicum xxxii. 356 This Church-sceat Fleta interpreteth Church-seed... Others read Church-scet, that is, the Church-shot or Church-due.

1739 Bacon's Hist. Disc. Govt. (ed. 4) i. l. Peter-pence, Ciricksceat (or Church-shot) and Tythes must be duly paid.

1835 H. Soames Anglo-Saxon Church ii. 80 Defaulters were to be fined forty shillings, and to pay the church-shot twelvefold.

1872 E. W. Robertson Hist. Ess. 105 The earliest obligation entailed upon the land in favour of the Church, after the introduction of Christianity into England, was Church-shot.

1917 J. K. Floyer Stud. Hist. Church Endowm. iv. 46 In the twenty-four manors belonging to the Bishop of Winchester in 1208, the only ecclesiastical dues of the manor he receives are Church shot and Peter's pence.

1963 Church Hist. 32 268 Distinct from tithes and probably even older than regular parish organization, ciricsceat—‘Church-shot’ or Church dues—was apparently the offering originally of the first fruits of the seed-harvest.

β. 1618 S. Daniel Coll. Hist. Eng. 18 To see all Churchscot and Romescot fully cleered before his returne.1722 I. Kimber et al. Hist. Eng. I. v. 108 He writes to the Bishops and Nobility of England,..and charged them to take Care, that Church Scot and Rome Scot be punctually paid.1779 J. Strutt Chron. Eng. II. ii. 139 A tax of one Saxon penny on every house (which tax was called Church Scot).1840 F. J. N. Rogers Pract. Arrangem. Eccl. Law 164 These constitutions [of Ethelred] also contain provisions for peter-pence and church-scot, which seem to show that church-scot was not connected with repairs.1875 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (ed. 2) I. viii. 229 Besides the tithe, the clergy received..church-scot, a sort of commutation for firstfruits paid by every householder.1910 C. Oman Eng. before Norman Conquest iii. xviii. 377 Ine goes so far as to..inflict a crushing fine on the negligent person who has omitted to pay his church-scot.1972 M. M. Postan Medieval Econ. & Society viii. 124 Nearly all customary holdings in the thirteenth century were burdened with money rent, supplemented by other rent-like charges like church-scot.2009 D. Fogden et al. in R. Campbell Clevedon i. 57 (margin) Sale of the poultry shows that church scot had become a form of local taxation.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	church scot
释义	church scotn. Brit. /ˈtʃəːtʃ skɒt/, U.S. /ˈtʃərtʃ ˌskɑt/ Forms: α. Old English ciricsceott, early Middle English chirchschot, Middle English chirchesoht, Middle English circheschot, 1600s– church shot. β. 1600s– church scot. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: church n.¹, shot n.¹, scot n.² Etymology: In α. forms < church n.¹ + shot n.¹ (compare shot n.¹ IV.), in β. forms < church n.¹ + scot n.²; in both cases probably as alteration of churchset n. Compare kirk scot n.It is not entirely certain that the second element of the Old English form ciricsceott (one isolated attestation: see quot. OE at α. ) represents sceot shot n.¹ rather than sceatt scat n.¹, i.e. it may perhaps show a spelling of churchset n. historical after Middle English. In Anglo-Saxon England: a tax or customary payment rendered to the Church, typically in grain, and usually on or by St Martin's day (11 November). In later medieval England: any of a number of contributions in kind (or money) demanded as a traditional ecclesiastical due and usually required to be paid by a tenant to his or her lord. Cf. churchset n., kirk scot n.In the Anglo-Saxon period the payment is sometimes specified as one measure or mit n. of wheat or high-quality grain per hide (cf. quot. OE¹ at churchset n. α. ). From early times secular authorities imposed fines for omission of the payment (cf. quot. eOE at churchset n. α. and quot. 1910 at β. ), and they became increasingly involved in regulating its exaction in the 10th cent., when the payment of tithes was also introduced (cf. tithe n.² 1a). ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > benefice > other financial matters > [noun] > church dues churchseteOE church scotOE kirk scota1200 duty1431 droit1481 hearth money1660 α. OE Charter: Bp. Oswald to King Edgar (Sawyer 1368) in W. de G. Birch Cartularium Saxonicum (1893) III. 382 Omnia que ad jus ipsius æcclesiæ juste competunt, scilicet ea que Anglice dicuntur ciricsceott & toll, id est thelon, et tacc id est swin sceade. a1300 ( Leges Hen. I xi. §4 in F. Liebermann Gesetze der Angelsachsen (1903) I. 557 (margin) Chirchschot. ?c1350 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 33 Chirchesoht, une certeine summe de ble batu. a1400 in H. Hall Red Bk. Exchequer (1896) iii. 1039 Circheschot vel chirkomer vel chirhambre. a1641 H. Spelman Reliquiæ Spelmannianæ (1698) viii. 17 To defend the Sea, his own head, and the peace, to pay Alms-monies, Church-seeds, Church-shots, and other things. 1678 J. Godolphin Repertorium Canonicum xxxii. 356 This Church-sceat Fleta interpreteth Church-seed... Others read Church-scet, that is, the Church-shot or Church-due. 1739 Bacon's Hist. Disc. Govt. (ed. 4) i. l. Peter-pence, Ciricksceat (or Church-shot) and Tythes must be duly paid. 1835 H. Soames Anglo-Saxon Church ii. 80 Defaulters were to be fined forty shillings, and to pay the church-shot twelvefold. 1872 E. W. Robertson Hist. Ess. 105 The earliest obligation entailed upon the land in favour of the Church, after the introduction of Christianity into England, was Church-shot. 1917 J. K. Floyer Stud. Hist. Church Endowm. iv. 46 In the twenty-four manors belonging to the Bishop of Winchester in 1208, the only ecclesiastical dues of the manor he receives are Church shot and Peter's pence. 1963 Church Hist. 32 268 Distinct from tithes and probably even older than regular parish organization, ciricsceat—‘Church-shot’ or Church dues—was apparently the offering originally of the first fruits of the seed-harvest. β. 1618 S. Daniel Coll. Hist. Eng. 18 To see all Churchscot and Romescot fully cleered before his returne.1722 I. Kimber et al. Hist. Eng. I. v. 108 He writes to the Bishops and Nobility of England,..and charged them to take Care, that Church Scot and Rome Scot be punctually paid.1779 J. Strutt Chron. Eng. II. ii. 139 A tax of one Saxon penny on every house (which tax was called Church Scot).1840 F. J. N. Rogers Pract. Arrangem. Eccl. Law 164 These constitutions [of Ethelred] also contain provisions for peter-pence and church-scot, which seem to show that church-scot was not connected with repairs.1875 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (ed. 2) I. viii. 229 Besides the tithe, the clergy received..church-scot, a sort of commutation for firstfruits paid by every householder.1910 C. Oman Eng. before Norman Conquest iii. xviii. 377 Ine goes so far as to..inflict a crushing fine on the negligent person who has omitted to pay his church-scot.1972 M. M. Postan Medieval Econ. & Society viii. 124 Nearly all customary holdings in the thirteenth century were burdened with money rent, supplemented by other rent-like charges like church-scot.2009 D. Fogden et al. in R. Campbell Clevedon i. 57 (margin) Sale of the poultry shows that church scot had become a form of local taxation. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.OE
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