citruln.

Brit.

/ˈsɪtrəl/, U.S.

/ˈsɪtrəl/

Forms: Middle English citrulle, Middle English–1700s citrull, 1500s cytrul, 1500s cytrulle, 1500s– citrul, 1600s citral, 1600s cittrul.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French citrulle; Latin citrullus.

Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman citrull, Anglo-Norman and Middle French citrule, Middle French citrulle (French citrouille , showing alteration after other nouns with that ending) any of various kinds of squash, melon, or gourd (1256 in Old French as citrole and citrueil ; compare Old French citrul , second half of 13th cent.), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin citrullus watermelon (12th cent.; from 13th cent. in British sources; also citrulus (11th cent.), citrolus (12th cent.; 13th cent. in a British source)), alteration (with suffix substitution; compare -olus suffix) of citrium watermelon (early 4th cent.) < classical Latin citrus citrus n. + -ium (see -y suffix⁴), perhaps so called on account of its resemblance to a citrus fruit. In early use it is often difficult to determine which fruit or vegetable is referred to in a particular instance. Compare Italian cetriolo pumpkin (a1597; 1310 as †citriuolo, a1527 as †citriuolo), and also Middle Low German citrulle watermelon ( < French).Post-classical Latin citrullus was subsequently adopted in scientific Latin as a specific epithet (1753 in Linnaeus) and as a genus name (H. A. Schrader 1836, in C. F. Ecklon & C. Zeyher Enumeratio Plantarum Africae Australis Extratropicae II. 279).

Now historical and rare.

The watermelon, Citrullus lanatus, and its fruit. Also: a pumpkin (pumpkin n. 1a).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > tree or plant producing edible gourds > water-melon plant

citrula1398

pasteque1585

watermelon1598

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > fruits as vegetables > pumpkin > pumpkin plant

peponOE

citrula1398

pompion1526

pumpkin vine1648

pumpkin1698

summer squash1801

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. lii. 1316 Gourdes, citrulles, melones [L. cucurbite, citrulli melones].

c1450 in W. R. Dawson Leechbk. (1934) l. 425 Citrull shuld be gedereid wen the froit is rype.

1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 58 a The greate foure colde sedes, that is to saye, of gourdes, cucumbers, melones, and citruls.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball v. xxx. 590 The Citrull is of temperament, colde and moyst lyke the Pepon.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Citrouille, a Citrull: a Citrull cowcumber or Turkish gourd: a kind of melon, in colour and forme resembling a Citron.

1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Compl. Gard'ner ii. vi. vi. 192 Citrulls or ordinary Pompions, Pumpions, or Pumkins, and Potirons, or flat Pumpions, as every body knows, are the biggest productions the Earth brings forth in our Climates.

1736 N. Bailey Dict. Domesticum 119 Citruls boil'd..till the water becomes clammy.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Citrul, the same with pumpion, so named from its yellow colour.

1810 Encycl. Londinensis V. 442/1 Coloquintida has leaves of a dark green, rough, and deeply laciniated, in the manner of those of the citrul, but smaller.

1862 Gardener’s Monthly Mar. 65/1 If he eats any Weather Mutton, Cucumbers or Citruls he is presently seiz'd with a grievous Pain in the Stomach.

1923 L. Carrier Beginnings Agric. in Amer. 72 Among the agricultural products of the Hurons he [sc. La Hontan] lists watermelons and sweet citruls (squashes).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	citrul
释义	citruln. Brit. /ˈsɪtrəl/, U.S. /ˈsɪtrəl/ Forms: Middle English citrulle, Middle English–1700s citrull, 1500s cytrul, 1500s cytrulle, 1500s– citrul, 1600s citral, 1600s cittrul. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French citrulle; Latin citrullus. Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman citrull, Anglo-Norman and Middle French citrule, Middle French citrulle (French citrouille , showing alteration after other nouns with that ending) any of various kinds of squash, melon, or gourd (1256 in Old French as citrole and citrueil ; compare Old French citrul , second half of 13th cent.), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin citrullus watermelon (12th cent.; from 13th cent. in British sources; also citrulus (11th cent.), citrolus (12th cent.; 13th cent. in a British source)), alteration (with suffix substitution; compare -olus suffix) of citrium watermelon (early 4th cent.) < classical Latin citrus citrus n. + -ium (see -y suffix⁴), perhaps so called on account of its resemblance to a citrus fruit. In early use it is often difficult to determine which fruit or vegetable is referred to in a particular instance. Compare Italian cetriolo pumpkin (a1597; 1310 as †citriuolo, a1527 as †citriuolo), and also Middle Low German citrulle watermelon ( < French).Post-classical Latin citrullus was subsequently adopted in scientific Latin as a specific epithet (1753 in Linnaeus) and as a genus name (H. A. Schrader 1836, in C. F. Ecklon & C. Zeyher Enumeratio Plantarum Africae Australis Extratropicae II. 279). Now historical and rare. The watermelon, Citrullus lanatus, and its fruit. Also: a pumpkin (pumpkin n. 1a). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > tree or plant producing edible gourds > water-melon plant citrula1398 pasteque1585 watermelon1598 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > fruits as vegetables > pumpkin > pumpkin plant peponOE citrula1398 pompion1526 pumpkin vine1648 pumpkin1698 summer squash1801 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. lii. 1316 Gourdes, citrulles, melones [L. cucurbite, citrulli melones]. c1450 in W. R. Dawson Leechbk. (1934) l. 425 Citrull shuld be gedereid wen the froit is rype. 1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 58 a The greate foure colde sedes, that is to saye, of gourdes, cucumbers, melones, and citruls. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball v. xxx. 590 The Citrull is of temperament, colde and moyst lyke the Pepon. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Citrouille, a Citrull: a Citrull cowcumber or Turkish gourd: a kind of melon, in colour and forme resembling a Citron. 1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Compl. Gard'ner ii. vi. vi. 192 Citrulls or ordinary Pompions, Pumpions, or Pumkins, and Potirons, or flat Pumpions, as every body knows, are the biggest productions the Earth brings forth in our Climates. 1736 N. Bailey Dict. Domesticum 119 Citruls boil'd..till the water becomes clammy. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Citrul, the same with pumpion, so named from its yellow colour. 1810 Encycl. Londinensis V. 442/1 Coloquintida has leaves of a dark green, rough, and deeply laciniated, in the manner of those of the citrul, but smaller. 1862 Gardener’s Monthly Mar. 65/1 If he eats any Weather Mutton, Cucumbers or Citruls he is presently seiz'd with a grievous Pain in the Stomach. 1923 L. Carrier Beginnings Agric. in Amer. 72 Among the agricultural products of the Hurons he [sc. La Hontan] lists watermelons and sweet citruls (squashes). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1398
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