citrullinen.

Brit.

/ˈsɪtrəliːn/,

/sᵻˈtrʌlɪn/, U.S.

/ˈsɪtrəˌlin/

Forms:

α. 1800s– citrullin.

β. 1800s– citrulline.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element; perhaps originally modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: Latin Citrullus , -ine suffix⁵.

Etymology: < scientific Latin Citrullus (see citrul n.) + -ine suffix⁵, perhaps originally after German Citrullin, †Citrullinum (1882 or earlier with reference to a product of the Merck company, now Zitrullin).With the α. forms compare -in suffix¹.

1. Chemistry and Medicine. Usually citrullin. A resinous substance extracted from the rind of the colocynth or bitter apple, Citrullus colocynthis, and formerly used as a laxative. Cf. colocynthin n. Now disused.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > neutral substances from plants > bitter principles > [noun]

quassin1819

colocynthin1830

plumbagin1830

colocynthite1838

quassite1838

amarine1839

rhamnin1843

maticin1844

limonin1845

serpentarin1847

rubian1848

humulin1854

pinipicrin1859

ilicin1861

physalin1863

scrophularin1868

lobelacrin1874

berberia1876

berberine1876

citrulline1882

tigline1900

1882 Therapeutic Gaz. 15 Oct. 380/1 Citrulline is a resinoid of colocynth.

1894 Med. Age 26 Feb. 115/1 The same suppositories, fortified by the addition of Citrullin, will secure in most satisfactory manner the desired result.

1901 I. Boas Dis. Intestines xiv. 253 Up to the present time the subcutaneous use of purgatives (aloin, colocynthin, citrullin, etc.) has not been very successful.

1933 R. N. Chopra Indigenous Drugs India (2006) 129 The substance referred to as colocynthin (citrullin) and believed to be a glycoside, is now known to be a mixture of the alkaloid and a crystalline alcohol.

2. Biochemistry. Now usually citrulline. An α-amino acid (originally isolated from watermelon, Citrullus vulgaris) found widely in living cells as an intermediate in the synthesis of arginine and in the conversion of ammonia to urea.Systematic name: 2-amino-5-(carbamoylamino)pentanoic acid; NH₂CONH(CH₂)₃CHNH₂COOH.

ΚΠ

1930 M. Wada in Proc. Imperial Acad. (Japan) 6 15 The author..isolated a new amino acid and named it ‘Citrullin’.

1937 Science 1 Oct. 298/2 It has also been shown that hydroxyglutamic acid, citrulline, tyrosine, [etc.]..are non-essential.

1963 R. P. Dales Annelids v. 100 Feeding with either arginine or citrulline augmented urea production.

1988 BioFactors 1 14/1 Arginine also may be formed from citrulline and related compounds used in transport or storage of nitrogen.

2008 Observer 13 July (Health Mag.) 7/3 Researchers in Texas have discovered that citrulline..may produce the same effect as Viagra.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	citrulline
释义	citrullinen. Brit. /ˈsɪtrəliːn/, /sᵻˈtrʌlɪn/, U.S. /ˈsɪtrəˌlin/ Forms: α. 1800s– citrullin. β. 1800s– citrulline. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element; perhaps originally modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: Latin Citrullus , -ine suffix⁵. Etymology: < scientific Latin Citrullus (see citrul n.) + -ine suffix⁵, perhaps originally after German Citrullin, †Citrullinum (1882 or earlier with reference to a product of the Merck company, now Zitrullin).With the α. forms compare -in suffix¹. 1. Chemistry and Medicine. Usually citrullin. A resinous substance extracted from the rind of the colocynth or bitter apple, Citrullus colocynthis, and formerly used as a laxative. Cf. colocynthin n. Now disused. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > neutral substances from plants > bitter principles > [noun] quassin1819 colocynthin1830 plumbagin1830 colocynthite1838 quassite1838 amarine1839 rhamnin1843 maticin1844 limonin1845 serpentarin1847 rubian1848 humulin1854 pinipicrin1859 ilicin1861 physalin1863 scrophularin1868 lobelacrin1874 berberia1876 berberine1876 citrulline1882 tigline1900 1882 Therapeutic Gaz. 15 Oct. 380/1 Citrulline is a resinoid of colocynth. 1894 Med. Age 26 Feb. 115/1 The same suppositories, fortified by the addition of Citrullin, will secure in most satisfactory manner the desired result. 1901 I. Boas Dis. Intestines xiv. 253 Up to the present time the subcutaneous use of purgatives (aloin, colocynthin, citrullin, etc.) has not been very successful. 1933 R. N. Chopra Indigenous Drugs India (2006) 129 The substance referred to as colocynthin (citrullin) and believed to be a glycoside, is now known to be a mixture of the alkaloid and a crystalline alcohol. 2. Biochemistry. Now usually citrulline. An α-amino acid (originally isolated from watermelon, Citrullus vulgaris) found widely in living cells as an intermediate in the synthesis of arginine and in the conversion of ammonia to urea.Systematic name: 2-amino-5-(carbamoylamino)pentanoic acid; NH₂CONH(CH₂)₃CHNH₂COOH. ΚΠ 1930 M. Wada in Proc. Imperial Acad. (Japan) 6 15 The author..isolated a new amino acid and named it ‘Citrullin’. 1937 Science 1 Oct. 298/2 It has also been shown that hydroxyglutamic acid, citrulline, tyrosine, [etc.]..are non-essential. 1963 R. P. Dales Annelids v. 100 Feeding with either arginine or citrulline augmented urea production. 1988 BioFactors 1 14/1 Arginine also may be formed from citrulline and related compounds used in transport or storage of nitrogen. 2008 Observer 13 July (Health Mag.) 7/3 Researchers in Texas have discovered that citrulline..may produce the same effect as Viagra. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1882
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