aeratev.

Brit.

/ɛːˈreɪt/, U.S.

/ˈɛˌreɪt/

Forms: 1700s– aerate, 1700s– aërate.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin aërat-, aërari.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin aërat-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of aërari ( T. Bergman Opuscula physica et chemica (1779) I. 9) < classical Latin āēr air n.¹ Compare slightly earlier aerated adj.In quot. 1791 at sense 2a rendering French aérer to ventilate (see air v.). N.E.D. (1884) gives the pronunciation as (ē·əreⁱt) /ˈeɪəreɪt/. This trisyllabic pronunciation is still recorded in dictionaries in the later 20th century. A disyllabic pronunciation (with /ɛər-/) is recorded as an alternative from the first quarter of the 20th century, e.g. in D. Jones Eng. Pronouncing Dict. (1917). The British English shift of stress to the second syllable appears to be of recent origin.

a. transitive. Originally: †to combine (a substance) chemically with carbonic acid (obsolete); to generate carbon dioxide in. In later use also: to introduce carbon dioxide or air into; to create bubbles of air or other gas in (a liquid or other substance) by mechanical or chemical means. Also intransitive. Cf. carbonate v.² 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of aerated or carbonated drink > [verb (transitive)] > aerate liquid

aerate1905

1784 E. Cullen tr. T. Bergman Physical & Chem. Ess. I. vi. 260 Hence it is plain, that this water cannot be aerated, either by the saturation of marine acid, or by the decomposition of middle salts in the water itself.

1787 Direct. for Preparing Aerated Medicinal Waters (Leith Glass-Works) 11 Then proceed to aerate according to the first directions.

1858 N. Amer. Rev. July 148 On account of the desire to have a tank appear well-filled, it has been found necessary to aerate most aquaria, for which purpose various devices have been contrived.

1885 Manufacturer & Builder June 125/3 This company obtained one of your duplex air compressors for the purpose of aerating the water.

1905 Harmsworth Encycl. I. 82/1 The sparklet..is a bottle with a hollow removable screw top, for holding a soft steel capsule containing liquid carbon dioxide sufficient to aerate the bottle of water.

1952 G. F. Hervey & J. Hems Freshwater Trop. Aquarium Fishes iii. 39 By means of a control valve an aquarium can be filtered and aerated by the same pump.

1999 News & Ale (Surrey/Hampshire Borders CAMRA) June 5/1 Those fitted with sparklers force the beer through small holes in the sparkler; this aerates the beer, removing much of the hop aroma, and gives the Guinness-like rising air bubbles.

b. transitive. Baking. To raise or lighten the texture of (dough or bread) by the introduction or generation of carbon dioxide or other gas.

ΚΠ

1884 Health Exhib. Lit. (Internat. Health Exhib. London) VI. 106 There is Dr. Dauglish's plan for making aërated bread, which depends upon aërating the bread with carbonic acid made in chemical ways, not by making use of the yeast organism.

1932 F. W. Tanner Microbiol. Foods xiii. 352 The leaven in salt-rising bread was not yeast.., but consisted of certain species of bacteria which aerate the bread by decomposing some of its constituents, principally sugar, into gaseous products.

1959 Home Encycl. 286 Yeast is a micro-organism which, when it is given the right conditions, produces a gas to aerate the dough.

1999 Tampa (Florida) Tribune (Nexis) 11 Mar. 4 It [sc. beer] also aerates breads and soufflés.

a. transitive. To expose (something) to air; esp. to expose (soil or turf) to air by spiking or digging. Also intransitive and figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > gas > air > [verb (transitive)] > expose to or supply with

aerate1791

aerify1826

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > elegance > compose elegantly [verb (transitive)] > make light or airy

aerate1958

1791 W. Nicholson tr. J. A. C. Chaptal Elements Chem. III. iv. 29 The advantage of labour consists in dividing the earth, aërating it [Fr. l'aérer], destroying useless or noxious plants, [etc.]

1799 W. Nicol Pract. Planter iv. 121 If we admit that fallowing and aerating land is of advantage.

1851 Fraser's Mag. 43 633/1 Mopping the dew from their brows, or aerating their persons in the breeze.

1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator I. 78/2 The soil between the drains must be thoroughly aërated.

1931 A. D. Hall Soil (ed. 4) vii. 220 The humus thus produced, which may be called peat, is essentially an acid product, and even when aerated and supplied with mineral materials will oxidise with extreme slowness.

1958 Listener 23 Oct. 665/2 Not a breath of this was allowed to aerate this particular talk.

1985 Gardening from Which? Mar. 14/3 You need to aerate..and scarify..to maintain a lawn in a first class condition.

1989 M. Kramer Making Sense of Wine vii. 159 Some wines are the better for being exposed to air for varying periods... ‘aerated’ before being served.

2006 M. Pollan Omnivore's Dilemma xi. 217 Several dozen pigs come in, proceeding systematically to turn and aerate the compost in their quest for kernels of alcoholic corn.

b. transitive. Physiology. To oxygenate (blood or haemolymph).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > charge with air or gas to cause effervescence [verb (transitive)]

ferment1673

aerate1794

the world > life > the body > vascular system > circulation > circulate [verb (transitive)] > oxygenate

eventilate1601

ventilate1668

aerate1794

1794 E. Darwin Zoonomia I. 7 The blood..has been thus aerated in the lungs.

1860 G. Hartwig tr. Sea & its Living Wonders xi. 203 The crustacean possesses a heart, which propels the blood, after it has been aerated in the gills.

1893 T. R. R. Stebbing Hist. Crustacea xxii. 345 When the blood has been aerated it..is transferred in the usual way to the cavity surrounding the heart.

1942 Music & Lett. 23 179 Effort makes him livid because his blood-stream is insufficiently aerated.

1972 Biosystems 4 243/1 One section leads to the lungs, where the blood is aerated.

2002 Hamilton (Ont.) Spectator (Nexis) 14 June b8 The lungs are composed of a plastic chamber filled with tiny hollow fibres which can aerate the blood as it is pumped through the artificial organ by the heart.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	aerate
释义	aeratev. Brit. /ɛːˈreɪt/, U.S. /ˈɛˌreɪt/ Forms: 1700s– aerate, 1700s– aërate. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin aërat-, aërari. Etymology: < post-classical Latin aërat-, past participial stem (see -ate suffix³) of aërari ( T. Bergman Opuscula physica et chemica (1779) I. 9) < classical Latin āēr air n.¹ Compare slightly earlier aerated adj.In quot. 1791 at sense 2a rendering French aérer to ventilate (see air v.). N.E.D. (1884) gives the pronunciation as (ē·əreⁱt) /ˈeɪəreɪt/. This trisyllabic pronunciation is still recorded in dictionaries in the later 20th century. A disyllabic pronunciation (with /ɛər-/) is recorded as an alternative from the first quarter of the 20th century, e.g. in D. Jones Eng. Pronouncing Dict. (1917). The British English shift of stress to the second syllable appears to be of recent origin. 1. a. transitive. Originally: †to combine (a substance) chemically with carbonic acid (obsolete); to generate carbon dioxide in. In later use also: to introduce carbon dioxide or air into; to create bubbles of air or other gas in (a liquid or other substance) by mechanical or chemical means. Also intransitive. Cf. carbonate v.² 1. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of aerated or carbonated drink > [verb (transitive)] > aerate liquid aerate1905 1784 E. Cullen tr. T. Bergman Physical & Chem. Ess. I. vi. 260 Hence it is plain, that this water cannot be aerated, either by the saturation of marine acid, or by the decomposition of middle salts in the water itself. 1787 Direct. for Preparing Aerated Medicinal Waters (Leith Glass-Works) 11 Then proceed to aerate according to the first directions. 1858 N. Amer. Rev. July 148 On account of the desire to have a tank appear well-filled, it has been found necessary to aerate most aquaria, for which purpose various devices have been contrived. 1885 Manufacturer & Builder June 125/3 This company obtained one of your duplex air compressors for the purpose of aerating the water. 1905 Harmsworth Encycl. I. 82/1 The sparklet..is a bottle with a hollow removable screw top, for holding a soft steel capsule containing liquid carbon dioxide sufficient to aerate the bottle of water. 1952 G. F. Hervey & J. Hems Freshwater Trop. Aquarium Fishes iii. 39 By means of a control valve an aquarium can be filtered and aerated by the same pump. 1999 News & Ale (Surrey/Hampshire Borders CAMRA) June 5/1 Those fitted with sparklers force the beer through small holes in the sparkler; this aerates the beer, removing much of the hop aroma, and gives the Guinness-like rising air bubbles. b. transitive. Baking. To raise or lighten the texture of (dough or bread) by the introduction or generation of carbon dioxide or other gas. ΚΠ 1884 Health Exhib. Lit. (Internat. Health Exhib. London) VI. 106 There is Dr. Dauglish's plan for making aërated bread, which depends upon aërating the bread with carbonic acid made in chemical ways, not by making use of the yeast organism. 1932 F. W. Tanner Microbiol. Foods xiii. 352 The leaven in salt-rising bread was not yeast.., but consisted of certain species of bacteria which aerate the bread by decomposing some of its constituents, principally sugar, into gaseous products. 1959 Home Encycl. 286 Yeast is a micro-organism which, when it is given the right conditions, produces a gas to aerate the dough. 1999 Tampa (Florida) Tribune (Nexis) 11 Mar. 4 It [sc. beer] also aerates breads and soufflés. 2. a. transitive. To expose (something) to air; esp. to expose (soil or turf) to air by spiking or digging. Also intransitive and figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > gas > air > [verb (transitive)] > expose to or supply with aerate1791 aerify1826 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > elegance > compose elegantly [verb (transitive)] > make light or airy aerate1958 1791 W. Nicholson tr. J. A. C. Chaptal Elements Chem. III. iv. 29 The advantage of labour consists in dividing the earth, aërating it [Fr. l'aérer], destroying useless or noxious plants, [etc.] 1799 W. Nicol Pract. Planter iv. 121 If we admit that fallowing and aerating land is of advantage. 1851 Fraser's Mag. 43 633/1 Mopping the dew from their brows, or aerating their persons in the breeze. 1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator I. 78/2 The soil between the drains must be thoroughly aërated. 1931 A. D. Hall Soil (ed. 4) vii. 220 The humus thus produced, which may be called peat, is essentially an acid product, and even when aerated and supplied with mineral materials will oxidise with extreme slowness. 1958 Listener 23 Oct. 665/2 Not a breath of this was allowed to aerate this particular talk. 1985 Gardening from Which? Mar. 14/3 You need to aerate..and scarify..to maintain a lawn in a first class condition. 1989 M. Kramer Making Sense of Wine vii. 159 Some wines are the better for being exposed to air for varying periods... ‘aerated’ before being served. 2006 M. Pollan Omnivore's Dilemma xi. 217 Several dozen pigs come in, proceeding systematically to turn and aerate the compost in their quest for kernels of alcoholic corn. b. transitive. Physiology. To oxygenate (blood or haemolymph). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > gas > gas or air in liquid or effervescence > charge with air or gas to cause effervescence [verb (transitive)] ferment1673 aerate1794 the world > life > the body > vascular system > circulation > circulate [verb (transitive)] > oxygenate eventilate1601 ventilate1668 aerate1794 1794 E. Darwin Zoonomia I. 7 The blood..has been thus aerated in the lungs. 1860 G. Hartwig tr. Sea & its Living Wonders xi. 203 The crustacean possesses a heart, which propels the blood, after it has been aerated in the gills. 1893 T. R. R. Stebbing Hist. Crustacea xxii. 345 When the blood has been aerated it..is transferred in the usual way to the cavity surrounding the heart. 1942 Music & Lett. 23 179 Effort makes him livid because his blood-stream is insufficiently aerated. 1972 Biosystems 4 243/1 One section leads to the lungs, where the blood is aerated. 2002 Hamilton (Ont.) Spectator (Nexis) 14 June b8 The lungs are composed of a plastic chamber filled with tiny hollow fibres which can aerate the blood as it is pumped through the artificial organ by the heart. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < v.1784
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