circulatev.

/ˈsəːkjʊleɪt/

Forms: Also 1500s circo-. past participle Middle English–1500s circulat(e.

Etymology: < Latin circulāt- participial stem of circulāre to make circular, to encircle; deponent circulāri to gather in a circle, to collect people about one; in medieval Latin and Romanic to move in a circle, etc.; < circulus circle n.: see also -ate suffix³.

†1. Old Chemistry. transitive. To subject a substance to continuous distillation in a closed vessel (circulatory n.), in which the vapour was caused to condense at the top of the apparatus and to flow back into the original liquid, the whole thus undergoing repeated vaporization and condensation. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to distillation

distil1398

stilla1400

rectify?a1425

circulate1471

redistil1600

elixirate1605

to still forth1605

to still awaya1631

cohobate1651

to draw over1654

elixira1658

1471 Ripley Comp. Alch. Ep. in Ashm. Theatr. (1652) 116 In Balneo of Mary togeather let them be circulat.

1545 T. Raynald in tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. sig. G^v The artire blud, whorlid, circulat, & coagitat together.

a1592 R. Greene Orpharion (1599) 40 Women as the purest quintissence circolated from all other liuing things, are therefore the most beautifull and faire.

1594 H. Plat Diuers Chimicall Concl. Distillation 21 in Jewell House Some doo vse to circulate the same in Balneo, til it clarifie.

1651 J. French Art Distillation i. 26 Circulate this in a Pellican with a moderate heat for the space of a month.

1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) To circulate..in a Vessel call'd a Pelican: wherein the same Vapour which is elevated into the Air by the Fire, falls down again to remount and be distill'd several times.

†2. To gather into a circle.

ΚΠ

1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados vi. viii. 20 Unto Eneas left syde, and rychthand The saulis flokkis circulate [v.r. circulit] in ane rout.

†3. transitive. To go or run round; to encircle, encompass, surround. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)]

befong971

beclipc1000

begoc1000

belieOE

bestandc1000

to go about ——OE

umbegangc1200

behema1250

befallc1275

berunc1275

girdc1290

bihalvena1300

umlapa1300

umlaya1300

umlouka1300

umbegoc1300

belayc1320

halsea1340

enclose1340

umbelapa1350

embracec1360

betrendc1374

circlec1374

umbecasta1375

to give about1382

environa1393

umbeclipa1395

compassa1400

encircle?a1400

enourle?a1400

umbegivea1400

umbeseta1400

umbeliec1400

umbetighc1400

enroundc1420

measurec1425

umbsteadc1450

adviron?1473

purprise1481

umbeviron1489

belta1500

girtha1500

overgirda1500

engirt15..

envirea1513

round?a1513

brace1513

umbereach1513

becompass1520

circuea1533

girtc1540

umbsetc1540

circule1553

encompass1555

circulate?a1560

ingyre1568

to do about1571

engird1573

circumdate1578

succinge1578

employ1579

circuate1581

girdle1582

wheel1582

circumgyre1583

enring1589

ringa1592

embail1593

enfold1596

invier1596

stem1596

circumcingle1599

ingert1599

engirdle1602

circulize1603

circumscribe1605

begirt1608

to go round1610

enwheela1616

surround1616

shingle1621

encirculize1624

circumviron1632

beround1643

orba1644

circumference1646

becircle1648

incircuitc1650

circumcinge1657

circumtend1684

besiege1686

cincture1789

zone1795

cravat1814

encincture1820

circumvent1824

begirdle1837

perambulate1863

cordon1891

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > cause to move in circle or curve [verb (transitive)] > move in circle round something

umgoa1300

compassc1384

gyrec1420

environ?a1425

circuitc1550

revolve1559

circle1582

to put (also make, cast) a girdle (round) about1600

encirclea1616

encompass1640

whirla1657

circulate1685

gird1688

circumgyrate1868

?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) ii. xxi. sig. P j Thus proceeding till ye haue circulate the figure..ye shall in the ende departe the whole figure into as many equall portions as ye determined.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. vi. xlvi. 261/1 He circulated Seuen hils with a Wall.

1612 J. Speed Theatre of Empire of Great Brit. i. xxv. 49/1 Hereford-shire..lieth circulated vpon the North with Worcester and Shrop-shire.

1685 H. Croft Some Animadversions Theory of Earth Pref. sig. A5^v May I not now conclude for certain that this man hath been in the Moon, where his head hath been intoxicated with circulating the Earth?

4. intransitive. To move round, turn round, revolve, formerly round an axis (obsolete), or in an orbit (archaic); now round a circuit, circuitous course, system of pipes, or the like. (Influenced by 5.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > revolve or rotate [verb (intransitive)]

wharvec888

turnOE

runOE

to turn aboutOE

to turn roundc1450

to go roundc1460

revolute1553

gyre1598

veer1605

to come about1607

circumvolve1626

circumgyre1634

to turn around1642

roll1646

revolve1660

circulate1672

twist1680

circumgyrate1683

rotate1757

gyrate1830

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > move in a circle or curve [verb (intransitive)] > move in a circle

to go aboutOE

whirlc1290

circule1430

circlec1440

to cast, fet, fetch, go, take a compass?a1500

circuit1611

circumgyre1634

revolve1660

circulate1672

orba1821

circumvolve1841

to loop the loop1902

orbit1948

the world > food and drink > drink > providing or serving drink > [verb (intransitive)] > be circulated

reela1500

walk1563

troll-the-bowl1575

trolla1627

go1698

circle1725

circulate1882

1672 I. Newton in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 7 5099 A Top..made to circulate by whipping it.

1718 J. Chamberlayne tr. B. Nieuwentyt Relig. Philosopher I. Pref. iii. p. lxviii Balls, which like Planets circulate about it.

1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. 193 The moon circulates about the earth.

1852 W. J. Conybeare & J. S. Howson Life & Epist. St. Paul I. iv. 118 These movements begin to circulate more and more round a new centre of activity.

1854 E. Ronalds & T. Richardson Knapp's Chem. Technol. (ed. 2) I. 224 The air..entering at the bottom of the stove..circulates round the flues.

1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 74 The circuit in which every drop of water is compelled to circulate.

1882 Mrs. H. Reeve Cookery & Housek. (ed. 2) ii. 9 The claret decanters should circulate two or three times round the table.

5. intransitive.

a. spec. Of the blood: To flow from the heart through the arteries and veins back to the heart again. Extended to the continuous motion of other fluids in the vessels of animals and plants.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > circulation > circulate [verb (intransitive)]

circulate1656

the world > life > biology > biological processes > movement > [verb (intransitive)] > circulation of fluids

circulate1656

1656 tr. T. Hobbes Elements Philos. iv. xxv. 303 The Bloud, perpetually circulating (as hath been shewn from many infallible signes and marks by Doctor Harvey..) in the Veins and Arteries.

a1691 R. Boyle Wks. (1772) II. 69 (R.) Blood [of vipers], even whilst it circulates, we have always found, as to sense, actually cold.

1746–7 J. Hervey Medit. (1818) 123 This, attracted by the root, and circulating through invisible canals..clothes the forest with all its verdant honours.

1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 198 Blood is blood which circulates.

b. Of persons: To go about in a social circle, ‘go the round’; spec. to move around at a gathering, talking to different people.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > social event > [verb (intransitive)] > participate in social events

show1631

racket1650

to go into society1788

to get around1798

socialize1841

butterfly1855

circulate1856

society > leisure > social event > [verb (intransitive)] > participate in social events > circulate at

to go roundc1460

circulate1928

1856 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 9 July in Eng. Notebks. (1997) II. v. 73 Who, at the age of ninety, is still circulating in society.

1863 M. Oliphant Salem Chapel I. i. 8 He came..by no means prepared to circulate among his flock.

1928 E. Waugh Decline & Fall i. ix. 97 Circulate, old boy, circulate. Things aren't going too smoothly.

1960 J. Wain Nuncle 88 Shall we circulate a bit?.. Otherwise we shan't have spoken to a soul.

6. intransitive (with extended sense).

a. To pass from place to place freely and continuously so as to visit every part; to pass from hand to hand or from mouth to mouth. Also, of a newspaper or periodical: to pass into the hands of readers, to be extensively taken and read.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > move in a certain direction [verb (intransitive)] > from place to place

to get round1653

circulate1691

society > trade and finance > money > circulation of money > be in circulation [verb (intransitive)]

gangOE

run1399

pass1475

servec1475

go1504

to pass, go, or run current1596

to take vent1641

circulate1691

float1778

1691 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense (ed. 8) 159 The Air..Circulates through..to the Grate of the Stove.

1691 J. Locke Money in Wks. (1727) II. 92 If our Money and Trade were to circulate only amongst our selves.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 144. ⁋10 Secret history..is for the most part believed only while it circulates in whispers.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 372 That ether which is continually circulating through all things.

1833 H. Martineau Loom & Lugger i. iii. 42 The money circulating in this neighbourhood.

1885 Act 48 Vic. c. 16 §9 Newspapers published or circulating in the County.

b. To travel or walk about. Chiefly U.S.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > [verb (intransitive)] > travel about or visit many places

runeOE

to go aboutc1300

passc1400

discur1557

dispace1588

perambulate1607

to get about1776

to go around1796

to get around1798

circulate1848

1848 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms App. s.v. Arriving in Maryland, a slave State, he circulates at a cost of from three to five cents a mile.

1907 C. E. Mulford Bar-20 viii. 83 Shore, go home. I'll just circulate around some for exercise.

1910 R. Kipling Rewards & Fairies 153 As we French say, I circulated till I found the galley.

a. transitive. To put into circulation, put about, promulgate, give currency to, diffuse; put into the hands of readers, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > publish or spread abroad [verb (transitive)]

sowc888

blowc1275

dispeple1297

to do abroadc1300

fame1303

publyc1350

defamea1382

publisha1382

open?1387

proclaima1393

slandera1400

spreada1400

abroachc1400

throwc1400

to give outa1425

promote?a1425

noisec1425

publicc1430

noisec1440

divulgea1464

to put outc1475

skail1487

to come out witha1500

bruit1525

bruita1529

to bear out1530

divulgate1530

promulgate1530

propale?1530

ventilate1530

provulgate1535

sparple1536

sparse1536

promulge1539

disperse1548

publicate1548

forthtell1549

hurly-burly?1550

propagate1554

to set abroada1555

utter1561

to set forth1567

blaze1570

evulgate1570

scatter1576

rear?1577

to carry about1585

pervulgate1586

celebrate?1596

propalate1598

vent1602

evulge1611

to give forth1611

impublic1628

ventilate1637

disseminate1643

expose1644

emit1650

to put about1664

to send abroad1681

to get abroad1688

to take out1697

advertise1710

forward1713

to set abouta1715

circulate1780

broadcast1829

vent1832

vulgate1851

debit1879

float1883

1780 R. B. Sheridan School for Scandal i. i. 1 Did you circulate the report of lady Brittle's intrigue with captain Boastall?

1815 W. H. Ireland Scribbleomania 268 (note) To print and circulate the Bible.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 104 A little tract..had been actively circulated through the ranks.

1868 E. Edwards Life Sir W. Ralegh I. vii. 110 The news of the enemy's preparations were circulated..throughout the country.

b. literal. To hand or pass round.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > transference > [verb (transitive)] > pass with the hand > pass from hand to hand

band1580

bandya1599

passa1616

to hand about1660

to fist about1701

circulatec1793

to send round1839

the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > distribute or deal out [verb (transitive)] > divide into shares > and give to others and oneself > pass round

circulatec1793

c1793 J. Austen Volume First (1954) 54 Come Girls, let us circulate the Bottle.

1830 M. R. Mitford Our Village IV. 104 Our drover could never resist..the gin-bottle, and..was apt to circulate it at his own expense.

1884 Law Times 14 June 121/1 After the loving cup had been circulated, the Lord Mayor submitted the loyal toasts.

c. To send circulars to. (Cf. circular n. 2.)

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > publishing or spreading by leaflets or notices > [verb (transitive)] > circularize

circularize1848

circulate1969

1969 Daily Tel. 9 Apr. 16 ‘We circulated head teachers of every secondary school and every independent school,’ says Cox, ‘and are still selling 100 copies a day.’

1970 Daily Tel. 18 Apr. 15 By using the wildlife fund's mailing list it has circulated some 97,000 of the fund's members.

8. Mathematics. Of decimal fractions: To recur, repeat in periods of several figures (see circulating n.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > ratio or proportion > recur [verb (intransitive)]

circulate1769

recur1796

1769 J. Robertson in Philos. Trans. 1768 (Royal Soc.) 58 209 Some of them [sc. decimal fractions] recur, or circulate; that is, the same figure or figures run over again and again ad infinitum.

1827 O. Gregory Hutton's Course Math. (ed. 9) I. 75 (note) The decimal circulates in a complete period of 28 figures.

†9. To beat out, emboss (metal). Obsolete.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	circulate
释义	† circulaten. Etymology: < circulate v. or its source. Obsolete. Mathematics. A circulating decimal. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > ratio or proportion > fraction > [noun] > decimal > recurring repetend1714 repeater1721 interminate decimal1728 recurring decimal1748 circulate1769 circulating decimal1838 recurrer1875 1769 J. Robertson in Philos. Trans. 1768 (Royal Soc.) 58 213 The proper denominator of the circulate. 1796 C. Hutton Math. & Philos. Dict. (new ed.) I. 290/1 That part of the circulate which repeats, is called the repetend. 1827 O. Gregory Hutton's Course Math. (ed. 9) I. 75 (note) In corresponding circulates of 28 figures. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2021). circulatev. /ˈsəːkjʊleɪt/ Forms: Also 1500s circo-. past participle Middle English–1500s circulat(e. Etymology: < Latin circulāt- participial stem of circulāre to make circular, to encircle; deponent circulāri to gather in a circle, to collect people about one; in medieval Latin and Romanic to move in a circle, etc.; < circulus circle n.: see also -ate suffix³. †1. Old Chemistry. transitive. To subject a substance to continuous distillation in a closed vessel (circulatory n.), in which the vapour was caused to condense at the top of the apparatus and to flow back into the original liquid, the whole thus undergoing repeated vaporization and condensation. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to distillation distil1398 stilla1400 rectify?a1425 circulate1471 redistil1600 elixirate1605 to still forth1605 to still awaya1631 cohobate1651 to draw over1654 elixira1658 1471 Ripley Comp. Alch. Ep. in Ashm. Theatr. (1652) 116 In Balneo of Mary togeather let them be circulat. 1545 T. Raynald in tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. sig. G^v The artire blud, whorlid, circulat, & coagitat together. a1592 R. Greene Orpharion (1599) 40 Women as the purest quintissence circolated from all other liuing things, are therefore the most beautifull and faire. 1594 H. Plat Diuers Chimicall Concl. Distillation 21 in Jewell House Some doo vse to circulate the same in Balneo, til it clarifie. 1651 J. French Art Distillation i. 26 Circulate this in a Pellican with a moderate heat for the space of a month. 1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) To circulate..in a Vessel call'd a Pelican: wherein the same Vapour which is elevated into the Air by the Fire, falls down again to remount and be distill'd several times. †2. To gather into a circle. ΚΠ 1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados vi. viii. 20 Unto Eneas left syde, and rychthand The saulis flokkis circulate [v.r. circulit] in ane rout. †3. transitive. To go or run round; to encircle, encompass, surround. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)] befong971 beclipc1000 begoc1000 belieOE bestandc1000 to go about ——OE umbegangc1200 behema1250 befallc1275 berunc1275 girdc1290 bihalvena1300 umlapa1300 umlaya1300 umlouka1300 umbegoc1300 belayc1320 halsea1340 enclose1340 umbelapa1350 embracec1360 betrendc1374 circlec1374 umbecasta1375 to give about1382 environa1393 umbeclipa1395 compassa1400 encircle?a1400 enourle?a1400 umbegivea1400 umbeseta1400 umbeliec1400 umbetighc1400 enroundc1420 measurec1425 umbsteadc1450 adviron?1473 purprise1481 umbeviron1489 belta1500 girtha1500 overgirda1500 engirt15.. envirea1513 round?a1513 brace1513 umbereach1513 becompass1520 circuea1533 girtc1540 umbsetc1540 circule1553 encompass1555 circulate?a1560 ingyre1568 to do about1571 engird1573 circumdate1578 succinge1578 employ1579 circuate1581 girdle1582 wheel1582 circumgyre1583 enring1589 ringa1592 embail1593 enfold1596 invier1596 stem1596 circumcingle1599 ingert1599 engirdle1602 circulize1603 circumscribe1605 begirt1608 to go round1610 enwheela1616 surround1616 shingle1621 encirculize1624 circumviron1632 beround1643 orba1644 circumference1646 becircle1648 incircuitc1650 circumcinge1657 circumtend1684 besiege1686 cincture1789 zone1795 cravat1814 encincture1820 circumvent1824 begirdle1837 perambulate1863 cordon1891 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > cause to move in circle or curve [verb (transitive)] > move in circle round something umgoa1300 compassc1384 gyrec1420 environ?a1425 circuitc1550 revolve1559 circle1582 to put (also make, cast) a girdle (round) about1600 encirclea1616 encompass1640 whirla1657 circulate1685 gird1688 circumgyrate1868 ?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) ii. xxi. sig. P j Thus proceeding till ye haue circulate the figure..ye shall in the ende departe the whole figure into as many equall portions as ye determined. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. vi. xlvi. 261/1 He circulated Seuen hils with a Wall. 1612 J. Speed Theatre of Empire of Great Brit. i. xxv. 49/1 Hereford-shire..lieth circulated vpon the North with Worcester and Shrop-shire. 1685 H. Croft Some Animadversions Theory of Earth Pref. sig. A5^v May I not now conclude for certain that this man hath been in the Moon, where his head hath been intoxicated with circulating the Earth? 4. intransitive. To move round, turn round, revolve, formerly round an axis (obsolete), or in an orbit (archaic); now round a circuit, circuitous course, system of pipes, or the like. (Influenced by 5.) ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > revolve or rotate [verb (intransitive)] wharvec888 turnOE runOE to turn aboutOE to turn roundc1450 to go roundc1460 revolute1553 gyre1598 veer1605 to come about1607 circumvolve1626 circumgyre1634 to turn around1642 roll1646 revolve1660 circulate1672 twist1680 circumgyrate1683 rotate1757 gyrate1830 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > move in a circle or curve [verb (intransitive)] > move in a circle to go aboutOE whirlc1290 circule1430 circlec1440 to cast, fet, fetch, go, take a compass?a1500 circuit1611 circumgyre1634 revolve1660 circulate1672 orba1821 circumvolve1841 to loop the loop1902 orbit1948 the world > food and drink > drink > providing or serving drink > [verb (intransitive)] > be circulated reela1500 walk1563 troll-the-bowl1575 trolla1627 go1698 circle1725 circulate1882 1672 I. Newton in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 7 5099 A Top..made to circulate by whipping it. 1718 J. Chamberlayne tr. B. Nieuwentyt Relig. Philosopher I. Pref. iii. p. lxviii Balls, which like Planets circulate about it. 1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. 193 The moon circulates about the earth. 1852 W. J. Conybeare & J. S. Howson Life & Epist. St. Paul I. iv. 118 These movements begin to circulate more and more round a new centre of activity. 1854 E. Ronalds & T. Richardson Knapp's Chem. Technol. (ed. 2) I. 224 The air..entering at the bottom of the stove..circulates round the flues. 1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 74 The circuit in which every drop of water is compelled to circulate. 1882 Mrs. H. Reeve Cookery & Housek. (ed. 2) ii. 9 The claret decanters should circulate two or three times round the table. 5. intransitive. a. spec. Of the blood: To flow from the heart through the arteries and veins back to the heart again. Extended to the continuous motion of other fluids in the vessels of animals and plants. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > circulation > circulate [verb (intransitive)] circulate1656 the world > life > biology > biological processes > movement > [verb (intransitive)] > circulation of fluids circulate1656 1656 tr. T. Hobbes Elements Philos. iv. xxv. 303 The Bloud, perpetually circulating (as hath been shewn from many infallible signes and marks by Doctor Harvey..) in the Veins and Arteries. a1691 R. Boyle Wks. (1772) II. 69 (R.) Blood [of vipers], even whilst it circulates, we have always found, as to sense, actually cold. 1746–7 J. Hervey Medit. (1818) 123 This, attracted by the root, and circulating through invisible canals..clothes the forest with all its verdant honours. 1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 198 Blood is blood which circulates. b. Of persons: To go about in a social circle, ‘go the round’; spec. to move around at a gathering, talking to different people. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > [verb (intransitive)] > participate in social events show1631 racket1650 to go into society1788 to get around1798 socialize1841 butterfly1855 circulate1856 society > leisure > social event > [verb (intransitive)] > participate in social events > circulate at to go roundc1460 circulate1928 1856 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 9 July in Eng. Notebks. (1997) II. v. 73 Who, at the age of ninety, is still circulating in society. 1863 M. Oliphant Salem Chapel I. i. 8 He came..by no means prepared to circulate among his flock. 1928 E. Waugh Decline & Fall i. ix. 97 Circulate, old boy, circulate. Things aren't going too smoothly. 1960 J. Wain Nuncle 88 Shall we circulate a bit?.. Otherwise we shan't have spoken to a soul. 6. intransitive (with extended sense). a. To pass from place to place freely and continuously so as to visit every part; to pass from hand to hand or from mouth to mouth. Also, of a newspaper or periodical: to pass into the hands of readers, to be extensively taken and read. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > move in a certain direction [verb (intransitive)] > from place to place to get round1653 circulate1691 society > trade and finance > money > circulation of money > be in circulation [verb (intransitive)] gangOE run1399 pass1475 servec1475 go1504 to pass, go, or run current1596 to take vent1641 circulate1691 float1778 1691 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense (ed. 8) 159 The Air..Circulates through..to the Grate of the Stove. 1691 J. Locke Money in Wks. (1727) II. 92 If our Money and Trade were to circulate only amongst our selves. 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 144. ⁋10 Secret history..is for the most part believed only while it circulates in whispers. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 372 That ether which is continually circulating through all things. 1833 H. Martineau Loom & Lugger i. iii. 42 The money circulating in this neighbourhood. 1885 Act 48 Vic. c. 16 §9 Newspapers published or circulating in the County. b. To travel or walk about. Chiefly U.S. ΘΚΠ society > travel > [verb (intransitive)] > travel about or visit many places runeOE to go aboutc1300 passc1400 discur1557 dispace1588 perambulate1607 to get about1776 to go around1796 to get around1798 circulate1848 1848 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms App. s.v. Arriving in Maryland, a slave State, he circulates at a cost of from three to five cents a mile. 1907 C. E. Mulford Bar-20 viii. 83 Shore, go home. I'll just circulate around some for exercise. 1910 R. Kipling Rewards & Fairies 153 As we French say, I circulated till I found the galley. 7. a. transitive. To put into circulation, put about, promulgate, give currency to, diffuse; put into the hands of readers, etc. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > publish or spread abroad [verb (transitive)] sowc888 blowc1275 dispeple1297 to do abroadc1300 fame1303 publyc1350 defamea1382 publisha1382 open?1387 proclaima1393 slandera1400 spreada1400 abroachc1400 throwc1400 to give outa1425 promote?a1425 noisec1425 publicc1430 noisec1440 divulgea1464 to put outc1475 skail1487 to come out witha1500 bruit1525 bruita1529 to bear out1530 divulgate1530 promulgate1530 propale?1530 ventilate1530 provulgate1535 sparple1536 sparse1536 promulge1539 disperse1548 publicate1548 forthtell1549 hurly-burly?1550 propagate1554 to set abroada1555 utter1561 to set forth1567 blaze1570 evulgate1570 scatter1576 rear?1577 to carry about1585 pervulgate1586 celebrate?1596 propalate1598 vent1602 evulge1611 to give forth1611 impublic1628 ventilate1637 disseminate1643 expose1644 emit1650 to put about1664 to send abroad1681 to get abroad1688 to take out1697 advertise1710 forward1713 to set abouta1715 circulate1780 broadcast1829 vent1832 vulgate1851 debit1879 float1883 1780 R. B. Sheridan School for Scandal i. i. 1 Did you circulate the report of lady Brittle's intrigue with captain Boastall? 1815 W. H. Ireland Scribbleomania 268 (note) To print and circulate the Bible. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 104 A little tract..had been actively circulated through the ranks. 1868 E. Edwards Life Sir W. Ralegh I. vii. 110 The news of the enemy's preparations were circulated..throughout the country. b. literal. To hand or pass round. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > transference > [verb (transitive)] > pass with the hand > pass from hand to hand band1580 bandya1599 passa1616 to hand about1660 to fist about1701 circulatec1793 to send round1839 the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > distribute or deal out [verb (transitive)] > divide into shares > and give to others and oneself > pass round circulatec1793 c1793 J. Austen Volume First (1954) 54 Come Girls, let us circulate the Bottle. 1830 M. R. Mitford Our Village IV. 104 Our drover could never resist..the gin-bottle, and..was apt to circulate it at his own expense. 1884 Law Times 14 June 121/1 After the loving cup had been circulated, the Lord Mayor submitted the loyal toasts. c. To send circulars to. (Cf. circular n. 2.) ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > publishing or spreading by leaflets or notices > [verb (transitive)] > circularize circularize1848 circulate1969 1969 Daily Tel. 9 Apr. 16 ‘We circulated head teachers of every secondary school and every independent school,’ says Cox, ‘and are still selling 100 copies a day.’ 1970 Daily Tel. 18 Apr. 15 By using the wildlife fund's mailing list it has circulated some 97,000 of the fund's members. 8. Mathematics. Of decimal fractions: To recur, repeat in periods of several figures (see circulating n.). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > ratio or proportion > recur [verb (intransitive)] circulate1769 recur1796 1769 J. Robertson in Philos. Trans. 1768 (Royal Soc.) 58 209 Some of them [sc. decimal fractions] recur, or circulate; that is, the same figure or figures run over again and again ad infinitum. 1827 O. Gregory Hutton's Course Math. (ed. 9) I. 75 (note) The decimal circulates in a complete period of 28 figures. †9. To beat out, emboss (metal). Obsolete. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1769v.1471
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† circulaten.

circulatev.