afrontadv.prep.

Brit.

/əˈfrʌnt/, U.S.

/əˈfrənt/

Forms: Middle English affronte, Middle English affrount, Middle English afrontte, Middle English (1500s Scottish) afrount, Middle English– afront, 1600s affront, 1600s afronte.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: French a frunt ; a prep.¹, front n.

Etymology: Partly (i) < Anglo-Norman a frunt, a frund, a frount, Old French, Middle French a front abreast (second half of the 12th cent., only in tout a un front and (rare) tout a front ), facing, opposite (c1245 or earlier; 12th cent. in sense ‘openly, blatantly’; 13th cent. in front a front face to face) < a to + front forehead, face: see front n.; and partly (ii) (in sense A. 3 and the use as preposition) < a prep.¹ + front n.

A. adv.

†1. Face to face, in direct opposition; opposite. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > [adverb] > in hostile encounter

afrontc1380

the world > space > relative position > opposite position > [adverb] > facing > face to face

afrontc1380

face-to-facedly1876

eyeball to eyeball1908

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 1689 (MED) Þe brigge ys..on brede fourty fete. An hundred knyȝtes wyþ-oute faille þer-on affrount mowe mete.

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 824/1 The king of England lieng afront before Tornaie.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. viii. xxv These Islanders be the only men that dare encountre him affront.

†2. Abreast. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > state or position of being parallel > [adverb] > abreast

side by sidec1275

beside1340

afronta1425

side to side?c1450

sidelingsa1540

abreast1567

evenly1583

breastwise1613

fair1685

sidelong1803

sidlingly1859

a1425 MS Bodl. 546 in J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words (1852) I. 167/1 Every man..saf the berners on foote and the chacechyens..sholde stonden afront yn aither syde the heed with roddes.

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xiii. l. 325 (MED) Ten Men..There Afront myht passen therby.

a1500 (c1400) Vision of Tundale (Adv.) (1843) l. 1001 (MED) Afrontte [a1500 Ashm. a frount] vnnethe thei myght passe, So narow of steppis don that was.

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 ii. v. 203 These foure came all a front, and mainely thrust at me.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage v. iii. 395 Twelue men may ride a-front through them.

1621 J. Molle tr. P. Camerarius Liuing Libr. v. i. 318 To containe two gallies afront with ease.

1700 G. Booth tr. Diodorus Siculus Hist. Libr. ii. i. 57 The Breadth was but a little more than what would allow two Chariots to be driven afront.

3. In front. Now chiefly in afront of: = sense B. Now regional.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > front > [adverb]

aforeOE

forneOE

beforeOE

aforewarda1200

afornonc1275

toforec1330

onwardc1385

bifornysc1420

forouth1487

ahead1568

afrontc1570

forwardly1578

anteriorly1598

foremostly1607

devant1609

forward1619

forward on1630

front-wise1774

vanward1827

out front1934

upfront1937

c1570 J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1830) 215 Laird Wemis with that company..set apoun the ennemyis afrount.

1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Eng. 71/2 in Chron. I Least his people shoulde be assailed not onely afront, but also vpon euery side.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. ii. 416/1 No way lay open saue onely a front.

1620 F. Quarles Feast for Wormes sig. C^v The Bulwarkes stand afront to keepe thee out.

1809 T. Lloyd Rep. Trial Gen. M. Bright 40 General Bright and some of the other men came round and stationed themselves afront of the house.

1884 ‘M. Twain’ Adventures Huckleberry Finn xxxiii. 340 When he got a-front of us he lifts his hat.

1890 Temple-Bar Mag. Feb. 217 His looks are far away, straight afront into the day.

1960 A. O. D. Claxton Suffolk Dial. (ed. 2) Afront, in front.

1997 B. Cornwell Sharpe's Tiger (1999) 211 ‘I'm here, sir!’ Fitzgerald called confidently from the darkness ahead. ‘Up afront of you.’

B. prep.

In front of.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > front > in front of [preposition]

toforea900

aforeeOE

atforec1000

forneOE

beforeOE

forne toc1175

afornonc1275

forne an, atc1275

forouthc1375

aforewardc1380

before the face ofa1382

forwitha1400

forne inc1540

afront1558

ahead1578

in (the) front of1609

in advance1656

forward of1838

front of1843

1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos vi. sig. Q.i^v Than death himself, whose neighbour next was Slepe..and Mortal Warres afront the gate.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 227 Two bulwarks strong afront the Foe are rais'd.

a1642 R. Callis Reading of Statute of Sewers (1647) i. 25 1600 Acres were gained from the Sea, affront the Mannor of sir Valentine Brown there.

1647 C. Cotterell & W. Aylesbury tr. E. C. Davila Hist. Civill Warres France iv. 276 He came afront the Enemy in a plain open place.

1726 Laws of Sewers 29 If Lands are left by the Sea afront them, these Lands may accrue unto them.

1830 W. Phillips Mt. Sinai iii. 98 Afront the camp..he raised An earthen altar.

1889 A. Austin Human Trag. (ed. 3) 268 Yes ! there the little city, and yes, there The marble chapel straight afront the sea.

1907 Outlook 6 Apr. 441/2 There was a quiet little hotel with a pretty garden afront the tideless sea.

1998 A. Warner Sopranos 3 The school wall afront the square, with its iron railings, curved round to the slope by the side entrance.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	afront
释义	afrontadv.prep. Brit. /əˈfrʌnt/, U.S. /əˈfrənt/ Forms: Middle English affronte, Middle English affrount, Middle English afrontte, Middle English (1500s Scottish) afrount, Middle English– afront, 1600s affront, 1600s afronte. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: French a frunt ; a prep.¹, front n. Etymology: Partly (i) < Anglo-Norman a frunt, a frund, a frount, Old French, Middle French a front abreast (second half of the 12th cent., only in tout a un front and (rare) tout a front ), facing, opposite (c1245 or earlier; 12th cent. in sense ‘openly, blatantly’; 13th cent. in front a front face to face) < a to + front forehead, face: see front n.; and partly (ii) (in sense A. 3 and the use as preposition) < a prep.¹ + front n. A. adv. †1. Face to face, in direct opposition; opposite. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > [adverb] > in hostile encounter afrontc1380 the world > space > relative position > opposite position > [adverb] > facing > face to face afrontc1380 face-to-facedly1876 eyeball to eyeball1908 c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 1689 (MED) Þe brigge ys..on brede fourty fete. An hundred knyȝtes wyþ-oute faille þer-on affrount mowe mete. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 824/1 The king of England lieng afront before Tornaie. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. viii. xxv These Islanders be the only men that dare encountre him affront. †2. Abreast. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > state or position of being parallel > [adverb] > abreast side by sidec1275 beside1340 afronta1425 side to side?c1450 sidelingsa1540 abreast1567 evenly1583 breastwise1613 fair1685 sidelong1803 sidlingly1859 a1425 MS Bodl. 546 in J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words (1852) I. 167/1 Every man..saf the berners on foote and the chacechyens..sholde stonden afront yn aither syde the heed with roddes. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xiii. l. 325 (MED) Ten Men..There Afront myht passen therby. a1500 (c1400) Vision of Tundale (Adv.) (1843) l. 1001 (MED) Afrontte [a1500 Ashm. a frount] vnnethe thei myght passe, So narow of steppis don that was. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 ii. v. 203 These foure came all a front, and mainely thrust at me. View more context for this quotation 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage v. iii. 395 Twelue men may ride a-front through them. 1621 J. Molle tr. P. Camerarius Liuing Libr. v. i. 318 To containe two gallies afront with ease. 1700 G. Booth tr. Diodorus Siculus Hist. Libr. ii. i. 57 The Breadth was but a little more than what would allow two Chariots to be driven afront. 3. In front. Now chiefly in afront of: = sense B. Now regional. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > front > [adverb] aforeOE forneOE beforeOE aforewarda1200 afornonc1275 toforec1330 onwardc1385 bifornysc1420 forouth1487 ahead1568 afrontc1570 forwardly1578 anteriorly1598 foremostly1607 devant1609 forward1619 forward on1630 front-wise1774 vanward1827 out front1934 upfront1937 c1570 J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1830) 215 Laird Wemis with that company..set apoun the ennemyis afrount. 1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Eng. 71/2 in Chron. I Least his people shoulde be assailed not onely afront, but also vpon euery side. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. ii. 416/1 No way lay open saue onely a front. 1620 F. Quarles Feast for Wormes sig. C^v The Bulwarkes stand afront to keepe thee out. 1809 T. Lloyd Rep. Trial Gen. M. Bright 40 General Bright and some of the other men came round and stationed themselves afront of the house. 1884 ‘M. Twain’ Adventures Huckleberry Finn xxxiii. 340 When he got a-front of us he lifts his hat. 1890 Temple-Bar Mag. Feb. 217 His looks are far away, straight afront into the day. 1960 A. O. D. Claxton Suffolk Dial. (ed. 2) Afront, in front. 1997 B. Cornwell Sharpe's Tiger (1999) 211 ‘I'm here, sir!’ Fitzgerald called confidently from the darkness ahead. ‘Up afront of you.’ B. prep. In front of. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > front > in front of [preposition] toforea900 aforeeOE atforec1000 forneOE beforeOE forne toc1175 afornonc1275 forne an, atc1275 forouthc1375 aforewardc1380 before the face ofa1382 forwitha1400 forne inc1540 afront1558 ahead1578 in (the) front of1609 in advance1656 forward of1838 front of1843 1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos vi. sig. Q.i^v Than death himself, whose neighbour next was Slepe..and Mortal Warres afront the gate. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 227 Two bulwarks strong afront the Foe are rais'd. a1642 R. Callis Reading of Statute of Sewers (1647) i. 25 1600 Acres were gained from the Sea, affront the Mannor of sir Valentine Brown there. 1647 C. Cotterell & W. Aylesbury tr. E. C. Davila Hist. Civill Warres France iv. 276 He came afront the Enemy in a plain open place. 1726 Laws of Sewers 29 If Lands are left by the Sea afront them, these Lands may accrue unto them. 1830 W. Phillips Mt. Sinai iii. 98 Afront the camp..he raised An earthen altar. 1889 A. Austin Human Trag. (ed. 3) 268 Yes ! there the little city, and yes, there The marble chapel straight afront the sea. 1907 Outlook 6 Apr. 441/2 There was a quiet little hotel with a pretty garden afront the tideless sea. 1998 A. Warner Sopranos 3 The school wall afront the square, with its iron railings, curved round to the slope by the side entrance. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adv.prep.c1380
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