单词 | closer |
释义 | † closern.1 Obsolete. 1. An enclosed space or place; a closet. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > [noun] > an enclosed space or place lockOE close1297 cloisterc1300 purseynta1325 clausurea1398 closinga1398 closera1400 blokc1400 procinct1422 parclosea1470 enterclose1480 enclose1483 closure1496 sept1548 enclosure1552 shut1605 cincture1627 precinct1774 encincture1849 zariba1885 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room generally > [noun] > private or inner room bowerc1000 chamber?c1225 privy chambera1382 closeta1387 closera1400 conclavea1400 wardrobea1400 cell?1440 garderobe?c1450 retreatc1500 parlour1561 cabinet1565 cabin1594 in-room?1615 recamera1622 sanctum sanctorum1707 adytum1800 snuggery1812 sulking-room1816 sanctum1819 anderoon1840 inner sanctum1843 thalamus1850 growlery1853 a1400–50 Alexander 5250 Candace..changid hire wedis; And cam doun of hire closere. c1410 N. Love tr. Bonaventura Mirror Life Christ (Gibbs MS.) vi Joseph..made hem a closer and a crachche for here beestes. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 206/1 Closyer, clos. 2. That which encloses, an enclosing wall or barrier; the cover of a book. [Apparently confused with closure n., Old French closure in this sense.] ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > [noun] > that which encloses closurec1386 shrinea1400 closerc1440 clausurea1464 sepiment1660 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 83 Closere [Pynson, closure] of bokys, or oþer lyke, clausura, coopertorium. 1445 W. Clebe Petit. Henry VI in J. H. Parker Some Acct. Domest. Archit. (1859) III. 79 With closer of brike toured aboute your gardein. 1481–90 Howard Househ. Bks. (1844) 123 The byll..is in the closer of this boke. 1519 W. Horman Vulgaria xxix. f. 242 With a..closer [L. clathro], latis wyse. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) viii. iv. 173 Hercules..Bet doun the closeris. 1580 T. Tusser Fiue Hundred Pointes Good Husbandrie (new ed.) facing f. 1 For want of partition, closier and such. 1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke iii. 192 The making of diuers closiers of glasses. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2022). closern.2 1. One who or that which closes (in various senses of the verb). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > [noun] closing1382 shutter up1542 shutter1611 closer1817 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Affermisseur, a strengthener; compactor, closer. 1638 W. Rawley tr. F. Bacon Hist. Nat. & Exper. Life & Death 421 Malacissation is wrought, by Consubstantials; By Imprinters; and by Closers up. 1817 J. Keats Poems 7 Closer of lovely eyes to lovely dreams. 1885 Pall Mall Gaz. 19 Nov. 3/2 Sunday closers [advocates of Sunday closing] will be surprised to learn..that on Sunday ‘the inns are empty’. 2. Boot-making. The workman that ‘closes’ or joins together the uppers of boots or shoes. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making footwear > [noun] > processes involved in > one who joins closer1724 pastefitter1876 slugger1911 1724 London Gaz. No. 6249/8 Elizabeth Pocock..Closer of Shooes. 1866 London Rev. 27 Oct. 459/2 Clickers, blockers, runners, closers. 1889 D. F. Schloss in Charity Organis. Rev. Jan. 7 (note) Closers make the uppers of boots. 3. Building. A stone or brick of smaller size than the rest, used to close or end a wall, or course of brickwork. king closer, queen closer: see quot. 1842. (Sometimes closure, formerly closier.) ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > disposition of stones or bricks > [noun] > specific stone or brick hirne-stonec1000 parpen1252 coin1350 coin-stone1350 angler1365 parpal1369 corner-stonea1382 cunye1387 tuss1412 quoin1532 table stone1554 quoining1562 copestone1567 ground-stone1567 lock bandc1582 quinyie1588 perpender1611 whelmer1618 parpen stone1633 capstone1665 headera1684 through1683 quoin-stone1688 stretcher1693 closer1700 bed-stone1723 coping-brick1725 girder1726 footstone1728 heading brick1731 bossage1736 lewis-hole1740 shoulder1744 headstone1745 pawl1753 tail-bond1776 coping-stone1778 slocking-stone1778 throughband1794 through-stone1797 stretching-bond1805 core1823 keystone1823 tail-binder1828 stretching-stone1833 header brick1841 coign1843 pawl-stone1844 bay-stone1845 bonder1845 pillar-stone1854 bond-piece1862 stretcher-brick1867 toothing-stone1875 bond-stone1879 pierpoint1891 jumper1904 tush1905 padstone1944 1700 Moxon's Mech. Exercises: Bricklayers-wks. 23 'Tis usual to lay a Closier next the Header on both sides of the Wall, and..to make the Wall much stronger, lay a Closure on one side, and none on the other. 1734 Builder's Dict. At an upright Quoin in a Brick and half Wall..it is usual to lay a Closer next the Header, on both Sides of the Walls. 1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss. 952 s.v. Closers in brickwork, or pieces of bricks (or bats), less or greater than half a brick, that are used to close in the end of a course of brickwork..a quarter brick (or bat)..interposed to preserve the continuity of the bond..is called a queen-closer..a three-quarter bat at the angle in the stretching course..is called a king-closer. Draft additions March 2006 Originally U.S. A person adept at bringing business transactions to a satisfactory conclusion. ΚΠ 1906 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 10 Nov. 16/3 (advt.) A leading real estate firm wants a first-class experienced man for inside work; must be a good closer and familiar with Oakland real estate values. 1968 F. Exley Fan's Notes vi. 256 In the aluminum siding racket Mr. Blue was a ‘closer’. He traveled about with two or three..Ivy League types..whose job it was to get Mr. Blue into a house so that he could get the buyer's signature on a contract, thus ‘closing’ the sale. 1992 Economist 3 Oct. 11/2 (advt.) The candidate understands how to access public and private financial markets, is flexible, a self-starter, a closer, an excellent communicator and a team player. 2004 U.S. News & World Rep. 2 Aug. 36/1 She was, says one colleague, the best ‘closer’ he'd ever seen—someone who knew how to cut deals and get the job done. Draft additions March 2006 A closing or final item; the last of a series. Cf. opener n. 4a. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > preceding or following in order > [noun] > the placing of one thing after another > the last one latest1447 lagc1530 postreme1553 closer1961 the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > [noun] > coming or bringing to an end > bringing to an end > that which or one who enderc1405 finisher1526 concluder1601 coup de grâce1699 settler1744 closer1961 1961 Appleton (Wisconsin) Post-Crescent 20 Apr. b16/4 As a closer, Lombardi expressed appreciation: ‘Thank you for helping us set the all-time attendance record.’ 1989 Q Dec. 117/1 The best track is the closer, Find A Way To My Heart, which employs just about all the tricks that have gone before. 1998 Isis 89 525/2 The opener is provided by the sociologist Trevor Pinch, the closer by Donald MacKenzie. 2003 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) June 108/3 ‘I Will Survive’ was his signature closer. Draft additions March 2006 Baseball. A reliable relief pitcher who enters a game in the final innings, typically to preserve a slim lead. ΚΠ 1980 N.Y. Times 21 Sept. v. 4/2 Last year..he was often used as a long reliever rather than the ‘closer’ he had always been. 1990 Sports Illustr. 8 Oct. 28/2 Jeff Gray had pitched the eighth for Boston, and Morgan let him pitch the ninth, despite the fact that Boston's closer, Jeff Reardon, was ready. 2004 D. Dravecky & M. Yorkey Called Up xxxiv. 151 Trevor—like 95 percent of today's closers—usually comes into the game with a clean slate: ninth inning, no one on base. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
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