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单词 clote
释义

cloten.

/kləʊt/
Forms: Old English cláte, Middle English– clote, (Middle English cloote), 1600s cloat, 1600s–1800s clots, ( cluts, clowts).
Etymology: Old English cláte < Old Germanic type *klaitôn- : indicating a pre-Germanic root *gleid- (glid- , gloid- ), probably related to the simpler glei- to stick (see clay n.). Of other names for this and similar plants, clete n. (? < klaitjôn ) and clite n. (? < klit- or klît- ) evidently belong to the same root; but clithe n., and its family (root *glῑt-) and German klette with its allies (root *glet-) are not connected, at least directly, though like clive and its cognates (root *glibh-) all may be ultimately based on the simpler *glei-, gli-.
1. The Burdock ( Arctium lappa); also the prickly balls or burs which it bears.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > weed > [noun] > burdock(s)
clotea700
bardanc1250
cletec1425
bur1480
clot-bur1548
burdock1597
clite1597
clithe1597
hardock1608
cuckold1698
hurr-burr1796
hare-bur1866
flapper-bag1871
a700 Epinal Gl. 144 Blitum clatae [Erf. & Corpus clate; Leiden Gl. 45 Lappa clate].
c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 56 Bisceop wyrt..& clatan, wyl on ealað.
a1300 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 557/41 Lappa, i. bardane, i. clote.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Hosea x. 8 Cloote and breere shal stye on the auters of hem.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Tollem. MS) xvii. xciii ‘Lappa’, þe clote [1535 clete]..haþ..knottes with crokid prikkes þat ofte cleueþ to mannis cloþes.
a1400 J. Mirfield Sinonoma Bartholomei (1882) 12 Bardana, clote, gert burr.
a1450 Alphita (Anecd. Oxon.) 20 Clote, cuius fructus uocatur, Burre.
1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Bardane, the herb..Cloates that beareth the greene Burre.
c1580 Puttenham in J. Nichols Progresses Queen Elizabeth III. 479 Clinginge as fast as little clotes Or burres uppon younge children's cotes.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Lampourde, the cloat, or great Burre.
1691 J. Ray N. Country Words Cluts, clots, petasites; rather burrdock.
1708 P. A. Motteux Wks. F. Rabelais (1737) iv. lii. 214 Lousebur, Clote.
1783 Ainsworth's Thes. Linguæ Latinæ (new ed.) ii Persolata, a burdock, the herb clots, that beareth the greatest bur.
1820–26 R. Wilbraham Attempt Gloss. Cheshire Clots or clouts, burrs or burdock.
2. Applied to other plants either from some resemblance to the preceding, or through some mistake: among these are cleavers ( Galium aparine), the bur-weed ( Xanthium strumarium), the coltsfoot and butterbur ( Tussilago farfara and Petasites); the yellow water lily ( Nuphar lutea), (Water Clote), the latter still in s.w. of England.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > names applied to various plants > [noun]
heatha700
beeworteOE
leversc725
springworteOE
clotec1000
halswortc1000
sengreenc1000
bottle?a1200
bird's-tonguea1300
bloodworta1300
faverolea1300
vetchc1300
pimpernel1378
oniona1398
bird's nest?a1425
adder's grassc1450
cockheada1500
ambrosia1525
fleawort1548
son before the father1552
crow-toe1562
basil1578
bird's-foot1578
bloodroot1578
throatwort1578
phalangium1608
yew1653
chalcedon1664
dittany1676
bleeding heart1691
felon-wort1706
hedgehog1712
land caltrops1727
old man's beard1731
loosestrife1760
Solomon's seal1760
fireweed1764
desert rose1792
star of Bethlehem1793
hen and chickens1794
Aaron's beard1820
felon-grass1824
arrowroot1835
snake-root1856
firebush1858
tick-seed1860
bird's eye1863
burning bush1866
rat-tail1871
lamb's earsa1876
lamb's tongue plant1882
tar-weed1884
Tom Thumb1886
parrotbeak1890
stinkweed1932
c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 122 Genim doccan oððe clatan þa þe swimman wolde.
c1000 Sax. Leechd. I. 306 Þa man eac oþrum naman clate nemneð..ys stið on leafon, & heo hafað greatne stelan, & hwite blostman, & heo hafað heard sæd & sine~wealt.
a1400 J. Mirfield Sinonoma Bartholomei (1882) 43 Ungula caballina est duplex, videlicet terrestris..et aquatica cujus flos dicitur nenufar. Ungula caballina campestris i. clote.
1587 L. Mascall First Bk. Cattell iii. 228 Water-clote,..which hath abroad leafe on ye water.
?1610 J. Fletcher Faithfull Shepheardesse ii. sig. D1 This is the Clote bearing a yellowe flowre.
1863 W. Barnes Gram. & Gloss. Dorset Dial. 48 Clote, the yellow water-lily.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations, as clote-leaf, clote-ridden. See also clot-bur n., clotweed n.
ΚΠ
c1386 G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Prol. & Tale 24 A Clote leef he hadde vnder his hood ffor swoot, and for to kepe his heed from heete.
1864 Barnes in Macmillan's Mag. Oct. 478 On where the clote-ridden river do flow.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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