单词 | cocking |
释义 | cockingn.1ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > [noun] i-winc888 wrestlingc890 fightc1000 flitec1000 teenOE winOE ungrithlOE wara1200 cockingc1225 strife?c1225 strivingc1275 struta1300 barratc1300 thro1303 battlec1375 contentionc1384 tuggingc1440 militationa1460 sturtc1480 bargain1487 bargaining1489 distrifea1500 concertation1509 hold1523 conflict1531 ruffle1532 tangling1535 scamblingc1538 tuilyie1550 bustling1553 tilt1567 ruffling1570 wresting1570 certationc1572 pinglinga1578 reluctation1593 combating1594 yoking1594 bandying1599 tention1602 contrast1609 colluctation1611 contestationa1616 dimication1623 rixation1623 colluctance1625 decertation1635 conflicting1640 contrasto1645 dispute1647 luctation1651 contest1665 stickle1665 contra-colluctation1674 contrasting1688 struggle1706 yed1719 widdle1789 scrambling1792 cut and thrust1846 headbutting1869 push-and-pull1881 contending1882 thrust and parry1889 aggro1973 c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) l. 703 Ne bið nan icrunet, bute hwa se treoweliche i þulli feht fehte, & wið strong cokkunge [a1250 Titus cockunge] ouercume hire seolf. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 259 (MED) Þey ȝaf hem al to dronkenesse, kokkynge, strif, and envie. 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 41v Betwene Aristippus and Diogenes the Cynike there was moche good cocking and striuing whether of them should win the spurres. 2. The action or practice of turning up the brim of a hat, esp. in order to follow a particular fashion or style; a particular way of turning up the brim of a hat. Cf. cock v.1 5a(a). Now chiefly in historical contexts. ΚΠ 1654 J. Price Tyrants & Protectors 15 May we not well remember the English-Court-Ladies paintings, their patchings, their crispings, their curlings, their caps and feathers, the cocking of their beavors? 1881 W. Besant & J. Rice Chaplain of Fleet I. x. 201 As for the fashions..one year it is the cocking of a hat. 1884 Sanitary World 24 May 374/2 Much of the character of the man was supposed to be denoted by the cocking of his hat. 1990 R. A. Nablow Addisonian Trad. in France ii. 69 The most elegant of the country squires still appear in the Monmouth cock (a military cocking of the hat, fashionable from 1667). 3. The action or an act of causing a part of the body to stick up, esp. in an assertive, defiant, or jaunty way. Also: the action or an act of bending or tilting a part of the body so that it is at an angle. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > upright or erect posture > [noun] > act of setting cocking1678 1678 T. Shadwell Hist. Timon i. 9 Pomp and show, and holding up their heads, And cocking of their noses. 1713 A. Pope in Guardian 25 June 2/1 He strives as much as possible to get above his Size, by Stretching, Cocking, or the like. 1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller I. 97 ‘Gentlemen,’ said I, with a slight cocking of the chin, and a bad attempt at a smile, ‘this is all very pleasant—ha! ha!—very pleasant.’ 1891 Cornhill Mag. May 555 And now there is a sudden commotion in the pack,..a sudden cocking of ears and whisking of tails. 1919 Outing Aug. 297/1 Bill..straightened and whirled in time to see a curious jay alight upon the rump of his dozing pack-mule, then look round with an alert cocking of its head. 1996 C. Harmon & J. Andrisani Four Cornerstones of Winning Golf iv. 190 Whenever you pick the club up fairly abruptly, there is a tendency for the wrists to cock much more at the top of the backswing. This cocking is not all bad. 4. Firearms. a. The action of raising the cock or hammer of a loaded firearm (in later use esp. a handgun) so that it is ready for firing. Cf. cock n.1 17. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > [noun] > cocking cocking1690 1690 Perfection of Mil. Discipline 94 The words of Command directing this way of Fireing are first, The Rear Ranks of Musketiers make Ready. By which is understood Cocking and Guarding. Then Present. Fire. 1797 W. Young Instr. Armed Yeomanry 9 Use the horse to the sound of cocking and snapping the pistol on his back. 1816 Ld. Byron Let. 15 Oct. (1976) V. 116 Making mistakes in the way of cocking & priming. 1881 W. W. Greener Gun & its Devel. 202 The cocking is effected by the turning up of the finger-piece for loading. 1992 Guns Illustr. (ed. 24) 12/1 The hammer has a knurled-ring spur which allows positive manual cocking. 2002 Circa No. 102. 71/1 Firstly you heard the sound of the cocking of a gun and then a single resounding gunshot. b. The action or process of retracting the firing pin of a hammerless firearm (esp. a bolt-action rifle) in order to make it ready for firing. ΚΠ 1893 Brit. Trade Jrnl. Apr. 185/2 The lock mechanism consists of a tumbler and seear pivoted in the breech action, the cocking being effected by a sliding rod capable of a reciprocating motion. 2013 E. A. Matunas Do-it-yourself Gun Repair xiv. 113/2 The cocking of the firing mechanism is accomplished as the bolt handle is lifted. Compounds C1. As a modifier. Designating a part of the firing mechanism used for cocking a firearm, as cocking lever, cocking handle, etc. Cf. sense 4. ΚΠ 1850 Sci. Amer. 20 July 350/2 Third, a trigger turning on a pivot in the cocking lever, and which is is [sic] thrown forward into a position convenient to be drawn by pulling said cocking lever. 1892 W. W. Greener Breech-loader 28 When the tumbler is down, the cocking-rod is freed. 1957 C. F. Rawnsley & R. Wright Night Fighter ii. 40 Work the cocking-handle of the gun up and down. 1985 Christie's Sale Catal. Mod. & Vintage Firearms 20 Mar. 24/2 Treble-grip and side-clips, cocking-indicators, the fences chiselled with radiating foliage. 2012 R. A. Sadowski Shooter's Bible Guide Firearms Assembly, Disassembly, & Cleaning 398 Make sure to align the holes in the left and right cocking levers. C2. cocking piece n. (a part of) a mechanism for cocking a firearm; esp. (in later use) a part of a bolt-action firing mechanism that is attached to the back of the firing pin and which engages with both the body of the bolt, allowing the pin to be retracted, and the sear (sear n.1 a), which holds the retracted pin in place until the trigger is pulled. ΚΠ 1747 George Faulkner Dublin Jrnl. 3–6 Oct. One Cocking-piece made by Fitzpatrick in Dublin. 1905 Kynoch Jrnl. July–Sept. 141 The scear and cocking piece are on the right side of the action. 2011 B. Calfee Art Rimfire Accuracy 488 What I show here is a close-up view of the sear connector, of the trigger, and, the cocking piece of the firing pin. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > small-arm > [noun] > pistol > types of dag1587 key gun1607 pocket pistol1612 key pistol1663 holster-pistol1679 troop pistol1688 horse pistol1704 screw-barrel1744 saddle pistol1764 air pistol1780 Wogdon1786 belt pistol1833 dueller1835 Colt1838 tickler1844 Derringer1853 cocking pistol1858 belt size1866 bulldozer1880 saloon pistol1899 Luger1904 Police Positive1905 Steyr1920 Saturday-night pistol1929 muff pistol1938 PPK1946 Makarov1958 Saturday-night special1959 puffer1963 snub nose1979 snubby1981 1858 W. Greener Gunnery in 1858 426 I would myself prefer the cocking pistol. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † cockingn.2 Obsolete. Excessive indulgence of a person; coddling. Cf. cock v.3 ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > tenderness > foolish affection, excessive love or fondness > [noun] > indulging, petting, or pampering cockering1440 cocking1570 cockling1579 dandling1591 daunt1603 coaxing1672 petting1799 mollycoddling1847 cosseting1880 1570 T. Tusser Hundreth Good Pointes Husbandry (new ed.) f. 37 Some Cockneis with cocking are made very fooles fit neither for Prentice, for plough nor for schooles. 1607 R. West Court of Conscience sig. D Supporting Childrens pleasures so infirme, By cocking of your lobkin louts so wild, Still yeelding to them at each fond request. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019). cockingn.3 The action of forming hay, grass, etc., into conical heaps. Cf. cock n.3, cock v.2 1. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > stooking cocking1575 stookingc1575 pooking1627 shocking1657 1575 Churchwardens' Accts. Stanford in Antiquary (1888) 17 171/1 For moyng and kockyng of an acre of pulsse. 1611 R. Loder Farm Accts. (1936) 4 We payd for the mowing and cocking of the barlye. 1659 H. Hammond Paraphr. & Annot. Psalms (xxxix. 5 Annot.) 211/1 The toyle of the harvest, in reaping, binding, cocking. 1695 W. Kennett Parochial Antiq. Gloss. Ernes, the loose scattered ears of corn that are left on the ground after the binding or cocking of it. 1732 in Virginia Mag. Hist. & Biogr. (1977) 85 44 Their hay is the coursest Sedge, Cut with an hook and dryed without Turning or Cocking. 1793 J. Byng Diary 11 July in C. B. Andrews Torrington Diaries (1936) III. 196 Mr. W carried his hay after once turning it... What will the country lasses, accustom'd to turning, raking, cocking, etc, say to this? 1807 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. (new ed.) II. 455 Grass should..be protected against rain and dew by cocking. 1860 R. F. Burton in Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 1859 29 405 [Tobacco] is prepared for sale in different forms. Everywhere, however, a simple sundrying supplies the place of cocking and sweating. 1905 E. W. Prevost Suppl. Gloss. Dial. Cumberland 64 Dumplin', hay in windrows which, when ready for cocking or carting, has been flattened by heavy rain. 1949 Buchan Observer 20 Sept. in Sc. National Dict. at Hooick v. An attempt to save the crops in an untoward season has sometimes been made by ‘heuicking’, or cocking, coling or hutting. 2013 G. Peterken Meadows (2014) v. 127 Cocking afforded some insurance against showers, but it increased the necessary labour. Compounds As a modifier. Designating tools or machines used for cocking hay or for moving cocked hay, as cocking fork, cocking machine, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [adjective] > stooking or cocking cocking1855 1855 Farmer's Mag. Oct. 292/2 Improved steel cocking fork, 10s. 1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 582/2 A cocking-machine gathers hay from the swath or windrow and puts it in cock. 1893 G. E. Dartnell & E. H. Goddard Gloss. Words Wilts. Cocking-fork, a large hay-fork, used for carrying hay from the cock into the summer-rick. Cocking-poles, poles used for the same purpose. 1982 Irish Farmers Jrnl. 10 July (advt.) Silver M.A.N. cocking machine in good condition wanted. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). cockingn.4 1. a. A blood sport in which cockerels or roosters, often fitted with metal spurs, are set to fight each other; cockfighting. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting or baiting animals > fighting between animals > [noun] > cock-fighting cockfightingc1450 cockfight1512 cockingc1613 cocking matcha1619 cock match1654 alectryomachy1656 sparring1686 main1760 sod1814 alectoromachyc1820 spar1850 cock watch1879 c1613 ( in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 251 Ye shall se..all our good coxs fight, if it plese you, and se the maner of our cocking. 1614 G. Markham Pleasvres of Princes 39 in Second Bk. Eng. Husbandman There is no pleasure more noble..then this pleasure of Cocking is. 1678 London Gaz. No. 1282/4 Notice..there will be two great Matches of Cocking fought in His Majesties Cock-Pit at Newmarket. 1755 Gentleman's Mag. Nov. 506/1 Idle and expensive diversions, such as cocking, horse-racing. 1886 W. Day Reminisc. 234 He was very fond of cocking. 1944 G. Heyer Friday's Child xxi. 246 ‘Care to see a little cocking to-morrow night, Sherry, dear old boy?’ he asked, sipping his wine. 1999 Stud. Romanticism 38 390 Generally the puns seem less intended by the author than inherent in the culture and language of cocking. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting or baiting animals > fighting between animals > [noun] > cock-fighting > fight cocking1618 1618 N. Assheton Jrnl. (1848) 99 Wee all to Prescod to a cocking. 1630 R. Brathwait Eng. Gentleman 210 In these tolerable Recreations of Horse-races, Cockings, Bowlings, &c. 1699 W. Calverley Memorandum Bk. in C. Jackson et al. Yorks. Diaries (1886) II. 79 I went to Leeds, to the Cockings. 1781 H. L. Thrale Diary 3 June in Thraliana (1942) I. 500 He..was engaged to a Cocking on Fryday. 1812 J. Moors in Examiner 31 Aug. 551/2 He had been at a cocking. 1899 J. Hatton When Rogues Fall Out xv. 132 There was..a ‘cocking’, in which noted birds were matched for five guineas. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > shooting > [noun] > shooting other birds ducking1589 pouting1672 partridging1682 cocking1686 teal-shooting1874 sniping1875 1686 R. Blome Gentlemans Recreation iv. ix. 138 To take Pheasants with a Cocking-Cloth, in Crowing time. 1696 J. Aubrey Miscellanies v. 54 Sir Roger L'Estrange was wont to divertise himself with Cocking in his Father's..Park. 1736 ‘T. Bridgeabout’ Rinology (ed. 3) 22 I never went a Hunting, nor Setting, nor Coursing, nay, nor even Cocking, which is no Game, in all my born Days. 1857 C. Kingsley Two Years Ago II. i. 23 There ought to be noble cocking in these woods. 1870 Blaine's Encycl. Rural Sports (rev. ed.) vii. iv. 871 We have already noticed Wales..as affording good cocking. CompoundsΚΠ 1686 R. Blome Gentlemans Recreation iv. ix. 138 To take Pheasants with a Cocking-Cloth, in Crowing time. Take a Cloth of course Canvas..and put two Sticks to go cross-wise to keep it out,..and there must be a Hole in the Cloth to look out of... When you are near enough hold out the aforesaid Cloth at Arms end, and put the Nosel of the Gun out of the Hole, which serves as a Rest for the Gun, and so let Fly, and you will seldom miss; for Pheasants at this time will let you come near them, and the Cocks will be so bold as to fly at it. cocking main n. now historical a number of fights at a cockfighting match; cf. main n.2 3. ΚΠ 1823 J. Lunn Horæ Jocosæ 154 At Cocking-main, or Badger-worrying bout He shone the leader. 1904 Daily Rev. (Decatur, Illinois) 13 Apr. 3/1 A big cocking main is to be fought in Indiana on..April 26... Each side is to show twenty-one cocks. 2006 D. G. Schwartz Roll Bones viii. 170 Cocking mains, or sets of cockfights, were elaborately staged public entertainment, conducted by a coordinating specialist, the pitmaster. cocking match now historical a cockfighting match. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting or baiting animals > fighting between animals > [noun] > cock-fighting cockfightingc1450 cockfight1512 cockingc1613 cocking matcha1619 cock match1654 alectryomachy1656 sparring1686 main1760 sod1814 alectoromachyc1820 spar1850 cock watch1879 a1619 Lady A. Clifford Diaries (1990) 33 Grosvenor came hither & told me how my Lord had won £200 at the Cocking Match. 1712 London Gaz. No. 5016/4 A Cocking-Match..will be fought all the Race Week. 1852 W. M. Thackeray Henry Esmond II. viii. 140 Come along, and let's go see the cocking-match. 1908 Law Times 2 May 6/1 County engaged county in cocking matches. 1993 D. Birley Sport & Making of Brit. vi. 148 Their cocking matches, milling and other fashionable sports. cocking spaniel n. now chiefly historical the cocker spaniel; a dog of this breed. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > other types of dog > [noun] > spaniel > land or water > varieties of > cocker cocker1790 cocking dog1813 cocking spaniel1830 1762 Public Advertiser 5 June Small Lap Dogs, cocking Spaniels, Pointers. 1830 M. R. Mitford Our Village IV. 327 He is..famous for his breed of cocking spaniels. 2012 @betofuguw 17 Nov. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Arose from the snarling and vehement barking of a small cocking spaniel. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). cockingn.5 Building and Joinery. Now rare. The action of securing the end of a beam into a wall plate or other supporting timber by means of a mortise and tenon, rebate, or dovetail joint; the joint itself. Cf. cock v.4 ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > [noun] > other processes framing1440 riving?1440 traversing1524 wedging1678 furring1679 cocking1710 bearding1711 battening1788 rossing1839 thicknessing1870 splining1901 parting off1905 reconditioning1932 stress grading1936 spindle moulding1979 society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > [noun] > wooden structures or wooden parts of > means of fitting together > methods of mortising1589 notching1599 scarfing1644 tabulation1658 mitringc1664 tenoning1678 dovetailing1703 cocking1710 tabling1717 cogging1823 foxtail-wedging1825 mitre dovetailing1825 halving1842 key-dovetailing1847 boxing1874 1710 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum II Cauking, in Architecture, signifies Dove-tailing across. 1793 P. Nicholson Carpenter's New Guide 36 Аt the bottom is shewn the manner of cocking down the tie beam upon the wall plate; the proper size of the cocking is figured at a. 1793 P. Nicholson Carpenter's New Guide 54 In fitting down tie beams upon the wall plates, never to make your cocking too large, nor yet too near the outside of the wall plate. 1819 P. Nicholson Archit. Dict. I. 262 Cocking..securing beams to wall-plates by notching each beam..on the under edge..and cutting reverse notches out of the top of the wall-plate. 1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss. 946 Caulking or Cocking, the mode of fixing the tie-beams of a roof or the binding joists of a floor down to the wall-plates. 1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 174/1 Cogging, a form of jointing used to connect one beam to another across which it is bearing... Also called caulking, cocking, corking. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). cockingadj.1ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > [adjective] > contending strivingc1374 strivousa1382 militant?a1425 wrestlinga1547 cocking1550 struggling1577 contending1593 scambling1600 conflictant1629 contendenta1641 tugging1657 agonous1682 battling1787 belligerent1812 conflicting1855 warring1883 duelling1944 1550 [implied in: W. Thomas Dictionarie sig. Cc, in Principal Rules Ital. Grammer Prouerbiosamente, cockynglie or villanousely. (at cockingly adv.)]. 1556 J. Heywood Spider & Flie xliii. 20 In cockyng currish countenance. 1608 J. Day Humour out of Breath sig. G4v How can wee choose but get cocking children, when father and mother too are both of the game. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > arrogance > [adjective] wlonkOE moodyOE rankOE surquidous1377 insolentc1386 wantona1393 arrogantc1405 angardc1425 surquidrousc1430 stately1448 imperiala1456 superbious1509 succudrous1513 surquidant1528 ruffling1543 controlling1564 lustya1568 cocking1568 superbous1581 bog1592 swaggering1596 superarrogant1598 arrogating1601 pyrgopolinizing1605 high-handed1606 outbearing1607 high-horsed1613 dictatory1639 bardish1641 self-assuming1647 superbient1647 huffy1680 dictatorial1692 huffish1755 cobby1785 high-riding1831 braggadocious1853 snouty1858 you-be-damned1887 the mind > emotion > pride > boasting or boastfulness > blustering or bravado > [adjective] termagant1546 roisterly1555 swashing1556 puffing1566 roisting1567 cocking1568 braving1579 huffling1582 kill-cow1589 roister-doistering1593 roister-doisterly1593 hufty-tufty1596 swaggering1596 huff-cap1597 sword-and-buckler1598 huffing1602 pyrgopolinizing1605 bold-beatinga1616 swash1635 swaga1640 blustering1652 bravashing1652 hectoring1664 hectorly1676 huffy1677 huff-snuff1693 swashbuckling1693 flustering1698 blustery1739 huffish1755 bravading1812 topping1815 Bobadilish1832 Bobadilian1837 fanfaronading1837 bucko1883 swashbucklering1884 swaggery1886 blokeish1920 blokey1938 1568 Newe Comedie Iacob & Esau ii. ii. sig. C.ij So nipping, so tripping, so cocking, so crowyng. 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 24 The Galli Gallinacei, or cocking French swarme euery pissing while in their primmer editions. 1693 H. Higden Wary Widdow i. 3 This Knight is one of the Cocking Top-Fools in the Town, born to an Estate able to bear out his most Extravagent Folly. 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 350. ⁋2 This is visible in all the cocking Youths you see about this Town. 1914 I. Bell Country Clash 14 For a' his cockin' airs he's as touchy's a shaky trummlie. 3. Of a part of the body: that cocks or is cocked (in various senses of cock v.1). Now rare. ΚΠ 1694 T. D'Urfey Comical Hist. Don Quixote: Pt. 1 iv. i. 37 Thou hast an Eye like a Countess, says he a Cocking Nose like a Countess, says he. 1729 S. Johnson Hurlothrumbo (quarto ed.) iv. 39 Behold yon pamper'd high-fed Colt.., with twisted Neck and cocking Tail, with bended Knee he bounds away, disdaining all he sees. 1925 S. Lewis Arrowsmith xxxv. 388 They decided, almost irritably, that they looked utterly alike, except that her hair was more patent-leather than his and she lacked his impertinent, cocking eyebrow. 1956 Corsicana (Texas) Daily Sun 24 Sept. 8/3 Helen swung about startled, but instantly masking it at the drawling voice and cocking face of the Ape. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † cockingadj.2 Obsolete. rare. That coddles a person; overindulgent. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > tenderness > foolish affection, excessive love or fondness > [adjective] > indulging or pampering pampering1562 cocking1570 cockering1571 mollycoddling1834 1570 T. Tusser Hundreth Good Pointes Husbandry (new ed.) f. 38 Yet cocking Mams, & shifting Dads from schooles, make pregnant wittes to proue vnlearned fooles. 1573 T. Tusser Points Huswifrie (new ed.) f. 31, in Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) Where coeking Dads, make sawsie lads, In youth so rage, to beg in age. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019). < n.1c1225n.21570n.31575n.4c1613n.51710adj.11550adj.21570 |
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