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单词 clothes
释义

clothesn.

Brit. /kləʊðz/, U.S. /kloʊ(ð)z/
Forms: Old English cláðas, Middle English claþes, Middle English cloþes, Middle English– clothes, 1500s–1700s cloaths, (northernMiddle English–1500s clathes, clathis). Also Middle English–1500s (dialect–1800s) close, (Middle English cloysse, 1500s cloese, 1600s–1700s cloes; Middle English northern clase, Scottish1500s clais, 1700s clayis, 1700s–1800s claise, claes n.; also Middle English clethis, clese.
Etymology: The original plural of cloth n. < Old English clá-ðas, Middle English clō-thes; the ō remaining in the (originally) open syllable, and the þ becoming ð between vowels, as in clothe verb, clothing, etc., and subsequently changing final s to z: compare truth, truths, staff, staves, etc. As the singular cloth is not now used in the sense of ‘a garment’, and has received a new plural cloths for its extant sense, clothes remains a collective plural, without a singular; to express the latter, a phrase, such as ‘article of clothing’, or another word, such as ‘garment’, is used. The distinction cloths , clothes , is chiefly of the 19th cent. The ordinary 18th cent. spelling was cloaths (pronounced with ð), as in cloath = clothe v. For clothes , cloath(e)s = cloths, see cloth n. Almost immediately after the reduction of the Middle English dissyllabic form to one syllable, by change of -es to -s, the ð began to disappear in pronunciation in all the dialect types, as shown by the spellings close, cloes, etc. ( < clothes), clase, clais(e, claes, etc. (from northern clathes), clese ( < clethes). These forms are still dialectal, and close/kləʊz/ is frequent as a nonstandard pronunciation of clothes. All these phenomena are paralleled in other Germanic dialects, e.g. Middle High German kleit, plural kleider, Middle Dutch cleet, plural clêde, East Frisian klêd, plural klêr (for klêder), West Frisian klaed, plural klean, North Frisian klâid, plural klûe, Saterland klâth, plural klôder, Wangeroog klêt, plural klôder. Examples of the reduced plural:a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. vi. 61 Mete and foode, And close to body.1516 in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) Introd. 124 To beare the charge of hir close.c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 774 Vppon clese.1553 Inv. Ch. Goods, Staff in Ann. Dioc. Lichf. (1863) 16 ij alter close.1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. iv. ii. f. 26 Warme cloese.1673 Overseer's Acc. in Canterb. Press 27 June 7/3 To Mr. frind for cloes for willan parker.1729 J. Swift Grand Quest. 138 Molly and I have thrust in our nose To peep at the Captain in all his fine clo'es.1842 R. H. Barham Sir Rupert in Ingoldsby Legends 2nd Ser. 32 Cover'd ankles and toes, In other respects she was scanty of clothes.
1.
a. Covering for the person; wearing apparel; dress, raiment, vesture.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [noun]
clothesc888
hattersOE
shroudc1000
weedOE
shrouda1122
clothc1175
hatteringa1200
atourc1220
back-clout?c1225
habit?c1225
clothingc1275
cleadinga1300
dubbinga1300
shroudinga1300
attirec1300
coverturec1300
suitc1325
apparel1330
buskingc1330
farec1330
harness1340
tire1340
backs1341
geara1350
apparelmentc1374
attiringa1375
vesturec1385
heelinga1387
vestmentc1386
arraya1400
graitha1400
livery1399
tirementa1400
warnementa1400
arrayment1400
parelc1400
werlec1400
raiment?a1425
robinga1450
rayc1450
implements1454
willokc1460
habiliment1470
emparelc1475
atourement1481
indumenta1513
reparel1521
wearing gear1542
revesture1548
claesc1550
case1559
attirement1566
furniture1566
investuring1566
apparelling1567
dud1567
hilback1573
wear1576
dress1586
enfolding1586
caparison1589
plight1590
address1592
ward-ware1598
garnish1600
investments1600
ditement1603
dressing1603
waith1603
thing1605
vestry1606
garb1608
outwall1608
accoutrementa1610
wearing apparel1617
coutrement1621
vestament1632
vestiment1637
equipage1645
cask1646
aguise1647
back-timbera1656
investiture1660
rigging1664
drapery1686
vest1694
plumage1707
bussingc1712
hull1718
paraphernalia1736
togs1779
body clothing1802
slough1808
toggery1812
traps1813
garniture1827
body-clothes1828
garmenture1832
costume1838
fig1839
outfit1840
vestiture1841
outer womana1845
outward man1846
vestiary1846
rag1855
drag1870
clo'1874
parapherna1876
clobber1879
threads1926
mocker1939
schmatte1959
vine1959
kit1989
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xvii Wæpnu, and mete, and ealo, and claþas.
c1000 Ags. Ps. xliv. 10 [xlv. 8] Myrre, and gutta, and cassia dropiað of þinum claðum [Vesp. Ps. hreglum].
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 15 Of ouwer claðes & of swiche þinges ase þer abuten falleð.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 1184 Muchel col & claðes [c1300 Otho cloþes] i-nowe.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (1724) 566 Cope & oþer cloþes.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 15025 Sum þan kest þair clethes dune.
a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Matt. xxii. 12 Freend, hou entridist thou hidir withut bride clothis?
1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lxvi. 97 She..arayed her with clothes of gold, and flouryshynge of ryche ermyns.
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 636 Thair lynning claithis.
1543 More's Hist. Richard III in Chron. J. Hardyng f. lxxviiv Cloth of gold.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) i. i. 222 Maister, ha's my fellow Tranio stolne your cloathes ? View more context for this quotation
1676 C. Hatton in E. M. Thompson Corr. Family of Hatton (1878) I. 128 All ye Guards in new cloths.
1736 H. Fielding Pasquin ii. 19 Provided I wear fine Cloaths.
1747 J. Wesley Primitive Physick p. xxii The fewer Cloaths any one uses,..the hardier he will be.
a1785 A. Parsons Trav. (1808) iii. 51 Being Sunday, everybody had their holiday cloaths on.
1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. xi. 26/1 The essence of all Science lies in the Philosophy of Clothes.
1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits x. 156 A coarse logic rules throughout all English souls;—if you have merit, can you not show it by your good clothes, and coach, and horses?
figurative.1651 Ld. Orrery Parthenissa I. i. i. 23 But not to dresse a true story in cloathes of a Romance.
b. Often in combination with a substantive or adjective indicating purpose, etc., as bedclothes, body-clothes, church-clothes, swaddling-clothes, etc. (See under these words.)
ΚΠ
a800 Corpus Gloss. 623 Cunae, cild claðas.
1585 in J. Barmby Churchwardens' Accts. Pittington (1888) 20 Washinge the churche clothes, vd.
c. spec. Applied to linen and other clothing which is periodically washed. (See also combinations.)
ΚΠ
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) x. x. 379 Asshes..helpyth to wasshynge of clothes.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) iii. v. 92 To carry mee in the name of foule Cloathes to Datchet-lane. View more context for this quotation
1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 68 When there is but little moisture in the air the clothes dry quickly.
1891 N.E.D. at Clothes Mod. Sending the clothes to the wash. A laundress with a basket of clothes.
d. to be in any one's clothes: to be in his place or position, to be he. (Cf. in his coat, skin, shoes.)
ΚΠ
1649 Bp. J. Hall Resol. & Decisions i. ii. 20 How we would wish to be dealt with, if we were in his cloathes.
2. Short for swaddling-clothes n. (Cf. clouts, see clout n.1 5a.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > for specific people > for children > for a baby > swaddling clothes
sweddlec725
cloutc1175
wind-cloutc1175
swaddlebandc1200
swath-bandsc1315
swath-cloutsc1325
sweddle-cloutc1325
clothesc1340
swathing-clouts1375
swathing-clothesa1382
cradle-band1398
swaddling-banda1400
sweddle-banda1400
swaddle-bind1467
swathing-banda1500
swaddling-clouts1530
swaddling-clothes1535
swaddle1538
swathe1565
sweilling clais1567
swaddle-belt1592
bandel1598
swaddlings1623
swaddle-binding1653
roller1656
c1340 R. Rolle Prose Treat. 5 Laid in a crybe and lapped in clathis.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke ii. 7 Sche childide her firste born sone, and wlappide him in clothis.
1541 M. Coverdale tr. H. Bullinger Olde Fayth sig. Fvj He [sc. Christ] as a very man was wrapped in clothes, and layed in the cryb.
1754–64 W. Smellie Treat. Midwifery III. 453 The ignorant nurse had demanded a fire to warm the clothes or clouts.
3. Short for bedclothes n.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > household linen > bedclothes > [noun]
bedclothesa1387
clothesa1400
clothinga1400
bed-stuff1535
furniture1576
bed-linen1815
bed-clothing1852
bed-furniture1861
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8599 Þair clathes [Trin. Cambr. beddyng] was sa gnede and fa.
1463 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 23 The clothes of myn that longe to ye bedde that she hath loyen in.
1563 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories Archdeaconry Richmond (1853) 167 Ye cloiths of ye geste bede.
1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V ii. iii. 22 He bad me put more cloathes at his feete.
1717 M. Prior Dove 4 She turn'd each way her frighted Head, Then sunk it deep beneath the Cloaths.
1801 J. Austen Let. 5 May (1995) 82 I have been awake ever since 5 & sooner, I fancy I had too much cloathes over my stomach.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
clothes-broker n.
ΚΠ
1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus iii. vi, in Fraser's Mag. July 79/1 That happy middle-state, which leaves to the Clothes-broker no hope either of sale or of purchase.
clothes-chest n.
clothes-monger n.
ΚΠ
1868 Sat. Rev. 24 Oct. 548/1 Pretexts invented by the art of the decorator and the clothesmonger for making fortunes out of the folly of women.
clothes-rack n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [noun] > rack for
fripperya1625
portmanteau1728
clothes-rack1857
rack1889
valet1942
1857 ‘Porte Crayon’ Virginia Illustr. 46 He..strode out,..knocking over the clothes-rack in his progress.
1914 J. Joyce Dubliners 130 Four cane chairs, a clothes-rack.
clothes-spoiling n.
ΚΠ
1824 M. R. Mitford Our Village (1863) I. 159 The sopping, the drying, the clothes-spoiling, the cold-catching, and all the small evils of a summer shower.
clothes-swimming n.
ΚΠ
1881 Daily News 6 June 6/8 For those who would like to practise tumbling in the water and clothes swimming.
clothes-thatch n.
ΚΠ
1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. viii. 20/1 These considerations, of our Clothes-thatch.
C2. Also clothes-brush n., clothes-horse n., clothes-moth n., clothes-press n.
clothes-bag n. a receptacle for clothes, etc., esp. those for the wash.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [noun] > receptacle for
ward-guard1551
clothes-bag1834
1834 Knickerbocker 3 81 The crew were disposed in various groups about the deck,..some with their clothes-bags beside them.
1838 C. Gilman Recoll. Southern Matron xxviiii. 197 I manufactured for him a new sack, resembling more a clothesbag than a satchel.
1879 ‘E. Garrett’ House by Wks. I. 78 The discarded collar and cuffs of yesterday were already in the clothes-bag.
clothes-basket n. = clothes-bag n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] > bag or basket for washing
buck-basket1602
voider1707
clothes-basketa1806
bucking-basket1822
wash-basket1881
laundry bag1895
linen basket1907
washing basket1947
Ali Baba1978
a1806 D. Wordsworth Jrnl. Tour Scotl. in Jrnls. (1941) I. 409 Little John asleep in the clothes-basket by the fire.
1828 J. W. Croker in Croker Papers (1884) I. xiii. 404 Put into the dirty clothes basket.
clothes-conscious adj. aware of, or (inordinately) interested in, clothes.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [adjective] > aware of or interested in
dressy1737
dress-conscious1916
clothes-conscious1928
1928 Daily Express 28 Dec. 11/1 While she dresses exceedingly well, she gives no impression of being a clothes-conscious person.
1960 E. H. Gombrich Art & Illusion ix. 310 Even the most clothes-conscious woman would not..claim she can predict how a hat will suit her without having tried it on.
clothes-dummy n. a lay figure used to exhibit clothing on.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > modelling or displaying clothing > [noun] > lay figure or dummy
Paris doll1745
clothes-dummy1871
mannequin1939
1871 S. Smiles Character x. 283 A clothes-dummy at a tailor's door.
clothes-hanger n. = coat hanger n. at coat n. Compounds 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [noun] > hanger for
gambrela1652
hanger1873
coat hanger1895
shoulder1899
clothes-hanger1934
1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Clothes hanger.
1937 Discovery July 198/1 Behind them, as if on a giant clothes-hanger, hung three complete horses' skins.
clothes-louse n. a species of louse which infests the clothes of the uncleanly, a body-louse.
clothes-maid n. = clothes-maiden n.
ΚΠ
1853 E. C. Gaskell Cranford ix. 166 The room being divided with great clothes-maids, over which Crosby's men were tacking red flannel.
clothes-maiden n. dialect = clothes-horse.
ΚΠ
1884 Manch. Examiner 21 Nov. 5/4 To..hang all the clothes, etc., on stands like large clothes-maidens to be aired and fumigated.
clothes-man n. a dealer in clothes, esp. cast-off or second-hand clothes.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > trader > traders or dealers in specific articles > [noun] > in old clothes
fripperer1584
fripler1589
fripper1598
old clothes man1767
wardrobe dealer1824
fripier1826
clothes-man1842
1842 R. H. Barham Merchant of Venice in Ingoldsby Legends 2nd Ser. 60 When they deal with old-clothesmen.
1868 E. Yates Rock Ahead III. iii. vii. 224 A Jew clothesman going his rounds.
clothes-peg n. a forked wooden peg used to fasten linen on a clothes-line.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] > clothesline > peg to fasten clothes on
clothes-peg1825
clothes-pin1866
1825 W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 701 He turned a sunbeam into a clothes-peg.
clothes-pin n. clothes-peg n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] > clothesline > peg to fasten clothes on
clothes-peg1825
clothes-pin1866
1866 Harvard Mem. Biog. II. 21 Short sticks about as large as clothes-pins.
clothes-pole n. U.S. a clothes-prop.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] > clothesline > prop for
clothes-pole1865
clothes-prop1903
1865 Atlantic Monthly 15 659 She never conjectures to what base uses a clothes-pole may come.
1867 A. D. Whitney Summer in Leslie Goldthwaite's Life iv. 60 She..lifted her elbows, like clothes-poles, to raise her draperies.
clothes-post n.
clothes-prop n. a post, or prop for a clothes-line.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] > clothesline > prop for
clothes-pole1865
clothes-prop1903
1903 Westm. Gaz. 10 Oct. 2/1 Holding out gaunt branches like spectral clothes-props against the sky.
clothes-rope n. a cord or wire on which to hang out washed clothes to dry.
clothes-screen n. a clothes-horse.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] > frame for hanging washing on to dry
hake1689
horse1706
winter dyke1748
maid1795
clothes-horse1807
winter hedge1812
airer1817
clothes-screen1832
linen-horse1845
maiden1856
maiden maker?1881
1832 T. Carlyle Reminisc. (1881) I. 16 The mere clothes-screens of rank.
1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. v. 14/2 Clothes have made Men of us; they are threatening to make Clothes-screens of us.
clothes-sense n. (see sense n. 19b).
ΚΠ
1932 R. Lehmann Invit. Waltz iii. iv. 199 It takes a man to teach a woman how to dress. The majority of them don't develop a clothes-sense till they've had a lover.
1960 Guardian 1 July 8/2 Anthea..has precocious clothes-sense.
clothes-stick n.
clothes stop n. Nautical a stop (see stop n.2 10a) used to hang up clothes after washing, or to tie up bundles of clothes.
ΚΠ
1883 Man. Seamanship for Boys' Training Ships Royal Navy 7 The hammocks are stopped to the gantline by a rolling hitch, and clothes' stops are fitted on the bight.
clothes-tongs n. a stick or tongs used by washerwomen for turning or lifting linen while boiling.
clothes-wringer n. a machine for wringing or straining the water out of washed clothes.
ΚΠ
1872 1st Rep. Vermont State Board Agric. 1871–2 57 Untie these stripes, run them through a clothes-wringer.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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