coman.¹

/ˈkəʊmə/

Etymology: < Greek κῶμα (κωματ-) deep sleep, lethargy: compare κοιμᾶν to put to sleep.

a. Pathology. ‘A state of unnatural, heavy, deep and prolonged sleep, with complete unconsciousness and slow, stertorous, often irregular, breathing’ ( New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon), due to pressure on the brain, to the effect of certain poisons, or other causes, and frequently ending in death; stupor, lethargy.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > stupor or coma > [noun]

stupora1398

congelation1577

obstupescence1598

carus1605

coma1646

comatosity1805

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iv. ix. 200 Sneezing..is..of good signality in Lethargies, Apoplexies, Catalepsies, and Coma's.

1782 W. Heberden Comm. Hist. & Cure Dis. vii When the scarlet fever proves fatal, a coma will sometimes show itself.

18.. Hooper Physician's Vade-Mecum §914 It is often important to distinguish the coma of drunkenness from that of apoplexy.

1877 F. T. Roberts Handbk. Med. (ed. 3) I. 13 Death beginning at the brain is said to be by coma.

b. coma vigil n. Applied in earlier medical treatises to a condition anterior to fevers: see quots. 1708 –1822; but by Sir W. Jenner to a lethargic condition in which a typhus fever patient lies with wide open eyes, totally unconscious, but muttering in delirium.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > stupor or coma > [noun] > specific coma

coma vigil1708

hydrocephaloid disease1842

nitrogen narcosis1937

insulin coma1942

rapture of the deep1953

narks1962

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > stupor or coma > [noun] > morbid sleeplessness

watchfulness1596

insomnia1623

agrypnia1665

coma vigil1708

1708 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum (ed. 2) I Coma Vigil, waking Drowsiness, is a Disease wherein the Patients are continually inclined to Sleep, but scarce can sleep, being affected with a great Drowsiness.

1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. i. 55.

1751 R. Brookes Gen. Pract. Physic II. 427 A Coma Vigil... They have a strong Inclination to sleep, and yet either don't sleep at all, or, if they do, awake immediately with little Relief, but have no Delirium.

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. III. 587 Imperfect Lethargy, is the Typhomania of the Greek writers; the Coma Vigil of many later pathologists.

1871 T. Watson Lect. Physic (ed. 5) II. 869.

a1883 C. H. Fagge Princ. & Pract. Med. (1886) I. 145 In a peculiar state to which Jenner has appropriated the term Coma vigil.

c. figurative.

ΚΠ

1876 Gladstone in Pall Mall Budget (1887) 14 Apr. 6/2 Honour, duty, compassion, and I must add shame, are sentiments never in a state of coma.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

coman.²

/ˈkəʊmə/

Forms: Plural comæ /-miː/.

Etymology: < Latin coma, < Greek κόμη hair of the head, also applied to foliage, etc., and to the tail of a comet.

1. Botany.

a. A tuft of silky hairs at the end of some seeds, as those of Epilobium.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [noun] > parts of > calyx > pappus or appendage on seed

plume1578

pappe1657

pappus1704

corona1753

coronule1806

coma1830

plumule1894

1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 236 Cyrtandraceæ ..Seeds..naked, or with a coma.

1872 D. Oliver Lessons Elem. Bot. (new ed.) ii. 172 The silky coma surrounding the top of the seeds of the Willow-herbs.

b. A tuft of bracts occurring beyond the inflorescence, as in the pine-apple; ‘the crown of sterile flowers on the top of some forms of inflorescence’ ( New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > bract, scale, palea, or spathe > [noun] > scale-leaves or bracts

coma1669

chaff1776

cataphyllary leaves1875

1669 W. Rowland tr. J. Schroeder Compl. Chymical Dispensatory 2 Coma, in plants, signifies the tops.

1770 C. Milne Bot. Dict. at Bractea Large bracteæ, which, from their resemblance to a bush of hair, are denominated coma.

c. The arrangement of the leafy branches forming the ‘head’ of a tree.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > tree-top

cropa1300

heada1387

tree-crop14..

tree-copc1425

treetop1530

crownet1578

crown1589

coma1870

stag-horn1879

1870 R. Bentley Man. Bot. (ed. 2) i. iii. 108 The head of a tree is called the coma.

2. Astronomy. The nebulous envelope surrounding the nucleus of a comet, and forming the outer portion of the ‘head’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > constellation > comet or meteor > comet > [noun] > head > coma

chevelure1672

coma1766

1766 M. Maty in Philos. Trans. 1765 (Royal Soc.) 55 307 The nucleus could not be distinguished from the coma.

1878 S. Newcomb Pop. Astron. iii. v. 365 The tail is a continuation of the coma.

figurative.1815 W. Taylor in Monthly Mag. XXXIX. 309 It is not everywhere possible for the most ingenious critic to distinguish..the nucleus from the coma.

3. The blurred appearance surrounding an object seen under a microscope when the lens is not free from spherical aberration.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > magnification or magnifying instruments > [noun] > microscope > coma

coma1867

1867 J. Hogg Microscope (ed. 6) i. ii. 64 If the greater expansion or coma be when the object is without the focus.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

单词	coma
释义	coman.¹ /ˈkəʊmə/ Etymology: < Greek κῶμα (κωματ-) deep sleep, lethargy: compare κοιμᾶν to put to sleep. a. Pathology. ‘A state of unnatural, heavy, deep and prolonged sleep, with complete unconsciousness and slow, stertorous, often irregular, breathing’ ( New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon), due to pressure on the brain, to the effect of certain poisons, or other causes, and frequently ending in death; stupor, lethargy. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > stupor or coma > [noun] stupora1398 congelation1577 obstupescence1598 carus1605 coma1646 comatosity1805 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iv. ix. 200 Sneezing..is..of good signality in Lethargies, Apoplexies, Catalepsies, and Coma's. 1782 W. Heberden Comm. Hist. & Cure Dis. vii When the scarlet fever proves fatal, a coma will sometimes show itself. 18.. Hooper Physician's Vade-Mecum §914 It is often important to distinguish the coma of drunkenness from that of apoplexy. 1877 F. T. Roberts Handbk. Med. (ed. 3) I. 13 Death beginning at the brain is said to be by coma. b. coma vigil n. Applied in earlier medical treatises to a condition anterior to fevers: see quots. 1708 –1822; but by Sir W. Jenner to a lethargic condition in which a typhus fever patient lies with wide open eyes, totally unconscious, but muttering in delirium. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > stupor or coma > [noun] > specific coma coma vigil1708 hydrocephaloid disease1842 nitrogen narcosis1937 insulin coma1942 rapture of the deep1953 narks1962 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > stupor or coma > [noun] > morbid sleeplessness watchfulness1596 insomnia1623 agrypnia1665 coma vigil1708 1708 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum (ed. 2) I Coma Vigil, waking Drowsiness, is a Disease wherein the Patients are continually inclined to Sleep, but scarce can sleep, being affected with a great Drowsiness. 1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. i. 55. 1751 R. Brookes Gen. Pract. Physic II. 427 A Coma Vigil... They have a strong Inclination to sleep, and yet either don't sleep at all, or, if they do, awake immediately with little Relief, but have no Delirium. 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. III. 587 Imperfect Lethargy, is the Typhomania of the Greek writers; the Coma Vigil of many later pathologists. 1871 T. Watson Lect. Physic (ed. 5) II. 869. a1883 C. H. Fagge Princ. & Pract. Med. (1886) I. 145 In a peculiar state to which Jenner has appropriated the term Coma vigil. c. figurative. ΚΠ 1876 Gladstone in Pall Mall Budget (1887) 14 Apr. 6/2 Honour, duty, compassion, and I must add shame, are sentiments never in a state of coma. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2021). coman.² /ˈkəʊmə/ Forms: Plural comæ /-miː/. Etymology: < Latin coma, < Greek κόμη hair of the head, also applied to foliage, etc., and to the tail of a comet. 1. Botany. a. A tuft of silky hairs at the end of some seeds, as those of Epilobium. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [noun] > parts of > calyx > pappus or appendage on seed plume1578 pappe1657 pappus1704 corona1753 coronule1806 coma1830 plumule1894 1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 236 Cyrtandraceæ ..Seeds..naked, or with a coma. 1872 D. Oliver Lessons Elem. Bot. (new ed.) ii. 172 The silky coma surrounding the top of the seeds of the Willow-herbs. b. A tuft of bracts occurring beyond the inflorescence, as in the pine-apple; ‘the crown of sterile flowers on the top of some forms of inflorescence’ ( New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > bract, scale, palea, or spathe > [noun] > scale-leaves or bracts coma1669 chaff1776 cataphyllary leaves1875 1669 W. Rowland tr. J. Schroeder Compl. Chymical Dispensatory 2 Coma, in plants, signifies the tops. 1770 C. Milne Bot. Dict. at Bractea Large bracteæ, which, from their resemblance to a bush of hair, are denominated coma. c. The arrangement of the leafy branches forming the ‘head’ of a tree. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > tree-top cropa1300 heada1387 tree-crop14.. tree-copc1425 treetop1530 crownet1578 crown1589 coma1870 stag-horn1879 1870 R. Bentley Man. Bot. (ed. 2) i. iii. 108 The head of a tree is called the coma. 2. Astronomy. The nebulous envelope surrounding the nucleus of a comet, and forming the outer portion of the ‘head’. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > constellation > comet or meteor > comet > [noun] > head > coma chevelure1672 coma1766 1766 M. Maty in Philos. Trans. 1765 (Royal Soc.) 55 307 The nucleus could not be distinguished from the coma. 1878 S. Newcomb Pop. Astron. iii. v. 365 The tail is a continuation of the coma. figurative.1815 W. Taylor in Monthly Mag. XXXIX. 309 It is not everywhere possible for the most ingenious critic to distinguish..the nucleus from the coma. 3. The blurred appearance surrounding an object seen under a microscope when the lens is not free from spherical aberration. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > magnification or magnifying instruments > [noun] > microscope > coma coma1867 1867 J. Hogg Microscope (ed. 6) i. ii. 64 If the greater expansion or coma be when the object is without the focus. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online September 2018). < n.¹1646n.²1669
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coman.¹

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