combatn.

Brit.

/ˈkɒmbat/,

/ˈkʌmbat/, U.S.

/ˈkɑmˌbæt/

Forms: Also 1500s coombat, 1500s–1700s combate, 1600s cumbat.

Etymology: < French combat, < combattre to combat. In early use combate was frequent; compare debate.

a. An encounter or fight between two armed persons (parties, animals, etc.), a duel; spec. as in trial by combat, a duel allowed by law for the formal decision of a cause or dispute; = battle n. 2.[Britton (1292) has combattre, but instead of combat, bataille appears: cf. battle n. 2 ]

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed encounter > [noun] > single combat or duel

handplayeOE

deraignc1300

battlea1400

duellation1502

two-hand battlec1503

combat1567

push of pick1578

monomachy1582

combacy1586

hand fight1587

duel1589

rencounter1590

single fight1598

field meeting1603

camp-fight1605

duello1606

judicial combat1610

fight of stand?1611

stand-fight?1611

business1612

monomachia1624

single combat1625

single field1630

duelliona1637

rencontrea1722

affair of honour1737

meeting1813

holmgang1847

mensur1848

duomachy1885

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > trying or hearing of cause > [noun] > trial > trial by combat

judgementc1300

duelc1475

combat1567

duellum1596

trial1597

duel-trial1631

1567 G. Turberville Epitaphes, Epigrams f. 48^v Then the fiercest fight of all and combat did arise.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 346 A battaile or Combate done and holden in the Kings Palayce at Westminster, betwene one called Garcon Appellaunt, and Sir John Anslye Knight Defendaunt.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 396 The Duke of Norffolk affirmed constantly hys tale to be true, and refused not the Combate.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iv. sig. D6 His cause in combat the next day to try.

1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas Combat in our Common Law is taken for a formall triall of a doubtfull cause or quarrell by the sword or bastons, of two champions.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 766 Where Champions bold..Defi'd the best of Panim chivalry To mortal combat .

1827 W. Scott Tales of Grandfather (1841) 1st Ser. xvii. 57/1 That the difference should be decided by a combat of thirty men of the Clan Chattan, against the same number of the Clan Kay.

1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ix, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. II. 265 It seemed..most desirable that the combat should be a strife of extermination.

1857 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. I. vi. 294 Orlando..challenged him to mortal combat.

b. Hence, single combat.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed encounter > [noun] > single combat or duel

handplayeOE

deraignc1300

battlea1400

duellation1502

two-hand battlec1503

combat1567

push of pick1578

monomachy1582

combacy1586

hand fight1587

duel1589

rencounter1590

single fight1598

field meeting1603

camp-fight1605

duello1606

judicial combat1610

fight of stand?1611

stand-fight?1611

business1612

monomachia1624

single combat1625

single field1630

duelliona1637

rencontrea1722

affair of honour1737

meeting1813

holmgang1847

mensur1848

duomachy1885

1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes IV. x. iii. 1841 It was also my chance in single combate to take the King of Paspahegh prisoner.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. (1682) x. 460 (margin) A single Combat between a Spanish Earl and a Scottish Traveller.

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 70. ¶8 These brave Men had distinguished themselves in the Battle and in single Combat.

1835 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece I. 255 Hyllus.. proposed to decide the quarrel by single combat.

2. gen. A fight between opposing forces; struggle, contest; usually on a smaller scale than a battle. (Used both with and without a and plural)[Hart's ed. (1616) of Barbour's Bruce ii. 438 has Giff thai will chace Quyt thaim combat sum dele we sall [MS. reading (Skeat) Quyt thaim torn but sum-dele we sall.]

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed encounter > [noun]

fightc893

coursec1325

stourc1325

acounterc1330

meetingc1330

setc1330

showera1375

brusha1400

semblya1400

hosting1422

poynyec1425

conflictc1440

militancea1460

grate1460

rencounter1471

chaplea1500

flitea1513

concourse?1520

concursion1533

rescounter1543

spurnc1560

rencontrea1572

discourse1573

action1579

combat1582

opposition1598

do1915

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 34 In valiant coombat thee Troians sturdye resisted.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. 61 The Maister resolued to make combate below..to saue vs from small shot.

1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xlix. 193 Eight hundred Mahometans, men of combat.

1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VII. 363 Alexander had appeared to him, armed for combat.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 437 In a succession of combats the advantage was on the side of the confederates.

3. figurative. A conflict; struggle, strife; controversy.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > [noun] > an act or instance of

flitec1000

strifea1225

wara1300

pulla1400

lakec1420

contenta1450

stour?c1450

contentiona1500

pingle1543

agony1555

feudc1565

combat1567

skirmish1576

grapple1604

counter-scuffle1628

scuffle1641

agon1649

tug1660

tug of war1677

risse1684

struggle1692

palaver1707

hash1789

warsle1792

scrabble1794

set-to1794

go1823

bucklea1849

wrestle1850

tussle1857

head-to-head1884

scrum1905

battleground1931

shoot-out1953

mud-wrestle1986

1567 Triall of Treasure sig. C They haue not..battel & combate, Against the cogitations that inwardly spring.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) v. ii. 73 The Noble Combat, that 'twixt Ioy and Sorrow was fought in Paulina.

1651 T. Hobbes Philos. Rudim. i. §5. 9 The combate of wits.

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 33 Is courage only a combat against fear and pain?

Compounds

C1. attributive and in other combinations, as combat-field. Now in frequent use, esp. in the U.S., in sense: of or pertaining to the fighting services (as opposed to ‘base’ units, etc.).

ΚΠ

1825 J. Hogg Queen Hynde 221 Upon the glorious combat-field.

1939 Times 6 Nov. 6/1 The Neutrality Bill..defined ‘combat zones’, from which American ships are barred, to include trade with European neutral countries bordering on the North Sea and the Baltic.

1939 Times 6 Nov. 6/2 The President's neutrality proclamation..goes much farther in its definition of combat areas than any of them had expected.

1942 N.Y. Times 9 Nov. 8/4 General Eisenhower's strong, well-equipped forces include crack combat troops.

1944 Ann. Reg. 1943 137 War production included..combat planes.

1945 U.S. Army Biennial Rep. 24/1 During the winter, three Italian combat groups entered the line of the Eighth Army.

1966 Listener 29 Dec. 949/3 Last January the United States had forty-two combat battalions in Vietnam.

C2.

combat fatigue n. a nervous disorder resulting from prolonged or severe battle experience.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > shell-shock, etc.

shell shock1915

combat fatigue1943

bomb-happiness1944

survivor syndrome1968

1943 G. N. Raines et al. in Naval Med. Bull. XLI. 923 (heading) Combat fatigue and war neurosis.

1943 G. N. Raines et al. in Naval Med. Bull. XLI. 933 It has been suggested that the term ‘combat fatigue’ be applied to the uncomplicated syndrome.

Draft additions March 2003

In plural. Chiefly British. Army fatigues; (sometimes) spec. = combat trousers n. at Additions.

ΚΠ

1991 Independent on Sunday 10 Mar. (Review Suppl.) 5/2 In other quarters in the police station, there were the standard khaki fatigues of ordinary soldiers and occasionally the desert combats of the Republican Guard.

1995 J. Miller Voxpop xiii. 190 You used to get loads of people in pilot jackets and combats and then it completely changed, you wear what you want.

2001 Star 6 Jan. 87/3 [He] manages to carry off classic cool by teaming a smart V-neck with some baggy combats.

Draft additions March 2003

combat boot n. a rubber-soled boot of hard leather, typically laced and extending above the ankle, originally worn as military issue, but later also as a fashion item.

ΚΠ

1944 Yank (Amer. ed.) 28 Jan. 17/1 The QMC has developed a new 10-inch combat boot that is expected to replace the Infantry's shoe-and-legging combination and the special boot now worn by paratroopers.

2001 N.Y. Mag 22 Jan. 51/1 The she-wolf has had her moment; even Courtney Love has gotten rid of her combat boots.

Draft additions March 2003

combat jacket n. a military issue jacket, esp. one in a camouflage pattern; any of various styles of casual jacket resembling those in military use.

ΚΠ

1940 N.Y. Times 12 Dec. 51/2 Olive drab woolen wristlets for combat jackets.

1969 I. Kemp Brit. G.I. in Vietnam iii. 55 We struggled off our beds and into our combat jackets.

1992 J. Torrington Swing Hammer Swing! v. 26 When I knocked back Phyllis's invite to remove my combat jacket her ruthlessly cropped eyebrows arched a millimetre or so.

Draft additions March 2003

combat knife n. any of various types of knife that are designed as weapons and sold or marketed as military issue; spec. a dagger-like knife with a long, thin, double-edged blade and a sharply pointed tip.

ΚΠ

1942 Times 19 Sept. 4/6 The parachute troops are armed with automatic weapons, which may be described generally as..mortars, grenades, bayonets, and combat knives.

1982 People (Nexis) 8 Nov. 101 (caption) The difference between a combat knife and a hunting knife, drawled one expert, ‘is what you stick it in’.

1997 Big Issue 9 June 6/2 Also in demand are deadly combat knives, high-powered BB air pistols, ninja grappling hooks and tiny but lethal knives costing just 50p which are disguised as high-quality fountain pens.

Draft additions March 2003

combat pants n. originally and chiefly U.S. = combat trousers n. at Additions.

ΚΠ

1944 N.Y. Times 9 Oct. 26/3 Let any woman wear..combat pants and high laced boots..and she will understand why some nurses unconsciously take liberties when they dress up.

1982 Washington Post (Nexis) 10 Oct. f1 Cowboy boots, tux-and-jeans, combat pants, windbreakers, punk haircuts, [etc.].

1998 Daily Tel. 18 Nov. 12/5 GQ's pages show the modern young man decked out in scowls and rib-knit pullovers, combat pants, body warmers and tattoos.

Draft additions March 2003

combat trousers n. chiefly British a type of loose-fitting trousers, typically made of heavy cotton in black, camouflage, or khaki, with large external pockets halfway down each leg; a pair of these trousers, originally worn as military issue, but later also as a fashion item; cf. cargo pants n. at cargo n.¹ Additions.

ΚΠ

1947 Portland (Maine) Sunday Telegram 19 Oct. d6/5 (advt.) Textile Products... Shoe pacs; overcoats; combat trousers; oilskin trousers; gloves; [etc.].

1951 Times 20 Sept. 5/5 The combat trousers are of self-lined gaberdine with zippers and buttons.

1982 Guardian Weekly (Nexis) 18 July 19 At Goose Green I was given a spare pair of combat trousers, from a pile of Argentine clothes that had been left in a house.

2001 K. Lette Nip 'n' Tuck 30 My niece, devoid of her Doc Marten boots, combat trousers and beanie, had at last allowed her thick golden hair to fall free.

Draft additions September 2018

combat sport n. a sport such as boxing, karate, fencing, etc., in which (usually two) competitors face each other in a form of combat governed by a set of rules.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > [noun]

combat sport1923

1923 W. F. Cobb & D. Hutchinson Suggestions Physical Educ. Program Small Secondary Schools (U.S. Bureau Educ.) 10 Wrestling and other combat sports.

1977 J. Riordan Sport Soviet Society (1980) v. 140 A new unarmed combat sport was introduced in 1938... It was called sambo.

2015 Econ. Times (New Delhi) 27 Sept. The interest in mixed martial arts and combat sports as a means of coping with work stress in corporate India seems to have gone beyond fitness fad status.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

combatv.

/ˈkɒmbat//ˈkʌmbat/

/kəmˈbat/

Forms: Also 1500s combatt, 1500s–1700s combate.

Etymology: < French combatt-re, in Old French cumbat-re (3rd singular cumbat , combat ), a Common Romanic verb, in Provençal combattre , Spanish combatir , Italian combattere < late Latin *combattĕre = *combatuĕre < com- together, with + battĕre , batuĕre to fight. Compare abate v.¹, debate v.¹; the different accentuation of combat is perhaps due to association with the noun.

a. intransitive. To fight or do battle (originally esp. in single combat). Const. with, against.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > contend in battle or give battle [verb (intransitive)]

fightc900

to bid, offer, refuse, accept, take (arch.) battle1297

to do battle1297

to give battle1297

strive13..

battle1330

to instore a battle1382

fettlec1400

pugnec1425

toilc1425

to deliver battle1433

conflict?a1475

bargain1487

mellaya1500

liverc1500

to come out1511

field1535

combat1589

to manage arms1590

sway1590

1543 R. Grafton in Chron. J. Hardyng Ded. sig. ??.iii^v That I a poore erle..Maie combattre, with hym beeyng a kyng.]

1589 A. Jenkinson in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations ii. 369 Haucoire Hamshe..combatting with the said Giant, did bind..him in chaines.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. v. sig. D7^v With that Pagan proud he combatt will that day.

1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 698 I will not combat in my shyrt.

1652 C. Cotterell tr. G. de Costes de La Calprenède Cassandra iii. 185 Your men combated..against the first of ours.

1836 H. Smith Tin Trumpet I. 152 So habituated to fighting, that he went on combating, even after he was dead.

1867 J. Conington tr. Virgil Æneid xi. 837 Or would men combat hand to hand.

b. figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > contend [verb (intransitive)]

winc888

fightc900

flitec900

wraxlec1000

wrestlea1200

cockc1225

conteckc1290

strivec1290

struta1300

topc1305

to have, hold, make, take strifec1374

stightlea1375

debatec1386

batea1400

strugglec1412

hurlc1440

ruffle1440

warc1460

warslea1500

pingle?a1513

contend1529

repugn1529

scruggle1530

sturtc1535

tuga1550

broilc1567

threap1572

yoke1581

bustle1585

bandy1594

tilt1595

combat1597

to go (also shake, try, wrestle) a fall1597

mutiny1597

militate1598

combatizec1600

scuffle1601

to run (or ride) a-tilt1608

wage1608

contesta1618

stickle1625

conflict1628

stickle1647

dispute1656

fence1665

contrast1672

scramble1696

to battle it1715

rug1832

grabble1835

buffet1839

tussle1862

pickeer1892

passage1895

tangle1928

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II v. ii. 32 His face still combating with teares and smiles.

1651 T. Hobbes Philos. Rudim. 190 When equal Oratours do combat with contrary opinions.

1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iii. 62 [Virtue] may combat with greater Advantage Hereafter.

1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake ii. 86 Death seemed combating with life.

a. transitive. To fight with, engage, oppose in battle.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > fighting > fight with [verb (transitive)]

fightOE

strugglec1386

wrestle1398

cope witha1467

undertake1470

to set one's foot by1536

skirmc1540

make1542

to break blows, words with1589

combata1592

to take up1600

warsle1606

stoush1924

society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > fight (a battle, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > contend with

acounterc1330

bargainc1375

battlec1399

rencontre1455

field1529

pallc1540

cope with1582

combata1592

to grapple witha1616

to give against ——1646

fight1697

contest1764

a1592 R. Greene Hist. Orlando Furioso (1594) sig. Bii^v He shall ere night be met and combatted.

1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 iv. ix. 43 That Alexander Eyden..tooke oddes to combat with a famisht man.

1652 C. Cotterell tr. G. de Costes de La Calprenède Cassandra i. 44 He hath no more Antagonists to combate.

1806 R. Forsyth Beauties Scotl. III. 119 Under the necessity of turning out to combat their spoilers.

b. figurative. (Now the most frequent use.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (transitive)] > strive against

to stand with ——OE

warc1230

contrast1489

gainstrive1549

oppugn1591

warsle1606

combat1627

stickle1627

reluctate1668

antagonize1742

to fight up against1768

1627 W. Duncomb tr. V. d'Audiguier Tragi-comicall Hist. our Times ii. 28 Calista..being no lesse combated with the obligation which shee had unto Lisanders love.

1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 864 Only my love of thee held long debate; And combated in silence all these reasons With hard contest.

1722 W. Wollaston Relig. of Nature i. 13 To follow nature cannot be to combat truth.

1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 73 You think you are combating prejudice, but you are at war with nature.

1876 C. M. Davies Unorthodox London (rev. ed.) 107 He combated the idea.

Derivatives

ˈcombated adj.

ΚΠ

1819 Scots Mag. Jan. 20/2 I have observed several anomalous instances this season,..equally unaccountable on the combated supposition.

ˈcombating n. and adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > [noun]

i-winc888

wrestlingc890

fightc1000

flitec1000

teenOE

winOE

ungrithlOE

wara1200

cockingc1225

strife?c1225

strivingc1275

struta1300

barratc1300

thro1303

battlec1375

contentionc1384

tuggingc1440

militationa1460

sturtc1480

bargain1487

bargaining1489

distrifea1500

concertation1509

hold1523

conflict1531

ruffle1532

tangling1535

scamblingc1538

tuilyie1550

bustling1553

tilt1567

ruffling1570

wresting1570

certationc1572

pinglinga1578

reluctation1593

combating1594

yoking1594

bandying1599

tention1602

contrast1609

colluctation1611

contestationa1616

dimication1623

rixation1623

colluctance1625

decertation1635

conflicting1640

contrasto1645

dispute1647

luctation1651

contest1665

stickle1665

contra-colluctation1674

contrasting1688

struggle1706

yed1719

widdle1789

scrambling1792

cut and thrust1846

headbutting1869

push-and-pull1881

contending1882

thrust and parry1889

aggro1973

society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > [noun]

fightc893

fighting?c1225

battlingc1300

armsc1325

toilc1330

toilingc1330

befighting1489

fielding1526

combating1594

preliation1640

society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > [noun] > fighting in single combat or duel

camping1481

combating1594

duello1598

duel1612

duelling1631

kemping1793

the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > [noun] > striving in opposition

wragging?c1225

wraggling?c1225

countermoil1581

gainstriving1583

contrasting1688

counter-striving1710

combating1870

1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 sig. D^v The combating Betweene the Armourer and his man.

1685 H. More Illustr. Daniel & Revelation 280 With whom Christ had no small combating long before.

1867 M. Arnold Wish in New Poems 153 Not human combatings with death.

1870 G. Rolleston Forms Animal Life Introd. 18 Methods for the combating of disease.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	combat
释义	combatn. Brit. /ˈkɒmbat/, /ˈkʌmbat/, U.S. /ˈkɑmˌbæt/ Forms: Also 1500s coombat, 1500s–1700s combate, 1600s cumbat. Etymology: < French combat, < combattre to combat. In early use combate was frequent; compare debate. 1. a. An encounter or fight between two armed persons (parties, animals, etc.), a duel; spec. as in trial by combat, a duel allowed by law for the formal decision of a cause or dispute; = battle n. 2.[Britton (1292) has combattre, but instead of combat, bataille appears: cf. battle n. 2 ] ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed encounter > [noun] > single combat or duel handplayeOE deraignc1300 battlea1400 duellation1502 two-hand battlec1503 combat1567 push of pick1578 monomachy1582 combacy1586 hand fight1587 duel1589 rencounter1590 single fight1598 field meeting1603 camp-fight1605 duello1606 judicial combat1610 fight of stand?1611 stand-fight?1611 business1612 monomachia1624 single combat1625 single field1630 duelliona1637 rencontrea1722 affair of honour1737 meeting1813 holmgang1847 mensur1848 duomachy1885 society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > trying or hearing of cause > [noun] > trial > trial by combat judgementc1300 duelc1475 combat1567 duellum1596 trial1597 duel-trial1631 1567 G. Turberville Epitaphes, Epigrams f. 48^v Then the fiercest fight of all and combat did arise. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 346 A battaile or Combate done and holden in the Kings Palayce at Westminster, betwene one called Garcon Appellaunt, and Sir John Anslye Knight Defendaunt. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 396 The Duke of Norffolk affirmed constantly hys tale to be true, and refused not the Combate. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iv. sig. D6 His cause in combat the next day to try. 1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas Combat in our Common Law is taken for a formall triall of a doubtfull cause or quarrell by the sword or bastons, of two champions. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 766 Where Champions bold..Defi'd the best of Panim chivalry To mortal combat . View more context for this quotation 1827 W. Scott Tales of Grandfather (1841) 1st Ser. xvii. 57/1 That the difference should be decided by a combat of thirty men of the Clan Chattan, against the same number of the Clan Kay. 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ix, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. II. 265 It seemed..most desirable that the combat should be a strife of extermination. 1857 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. I. vi. 294 Orlando..challenged him to mortal combat. b. Hence, single combat. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed encounter > [noun] > single combat or duel handplayeOE deraignc1300 battlea1400 duellation1502 two-hand battlec1503 combat1567 push of pick1578 monomachy1582 combacy1586 hand fight1587 duel1589 rencounter1590 single fight1598 field meeting1603 camp-fight1605 duello1606 judicial combat1610 fight of stand?1611 stand-fight?1611 business1612 monomachia1624 single combat1625 single field1630 duelliona1637 rencontrea1722 affair of honour1737 meeting1813 holmgang1847 mensur1848 duomachy1885 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes IV. x. iii. 1841 It was also my chance in single combate to take the King of Paspahegh prisoner. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. (1682) x. 460 (margin) A single Combat between a Spanish Earl and a Scottish Traveller. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 70. ¶8 These brave Men had distinguished themselves in the Battle and in single Combat. 1835 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece I. 255 Hyllus.. proposed to decide the quarrel by single combat. 2. gen. A fight between opposing forces; struggle, contest; usually on a smaller scale than a battle. (Used both with and without a and plural)[Hart's ed. (1616) of Barbour's Bruce ii. 438 has Giff thai will chace Quyt thaim combat sum dele we sall [MS. reading (Skeat) Quyt thaim torn but sum-dele we sall.] ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed encounter > [noun] fightc893 coursec1325 stourc1325 acounterc1330 meetingc1330 setc1330 showera1375 brusha1400 semblya1400 hosting1422 poynyec1425 conflictc1440 militancea1460 grate1460 rencounter1471 chaplea1500 flitea1513 concourse?1520 concursion1533 rescounter1543 spurnc1560 rencontrea1572 discourse1573 action1579 combat1582 opposition1598 do1915 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 34 In valiant coombat thee Troians sturdye resisted. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. 61 The Maister resolued to make combate below..to saue vs from small shot. 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xlix. 193 Eight hundred Mahometans, men of combat. 1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VII. 363 Alexander had appeared to him, armed for combat. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 437 In a succession of combats the advantage was on the side of the confederates. 3. figurative. A conflict; struggle, strife; controversy. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > [noun] > an act or instance of flitec1000 strifea1225 wara1300 pulla1400 lakec1420 contenta1450 stour?c1450 contentiona1500 pingle1543 agony1555 feudc1565 combat1567 skirmish1576 grapple1604 counter-scuffle1628 scuffle1641 agon1649 tug1660 tug of war1677 risse1684 struggle1692 palaver1707 hash1789 warsle1792 scrabble1794 set-to1794 go1823 bucklea1849 wrestle1850 tussle1857 head-to-head1884 scrum1905 battleground1931 shoot-out1953 mud-wrestle1986 1567 Triall of Treasure sig. C They haue not..battel & combate, Against the cogitations that inwardly spring. a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) v. ii. 73 The Noble Combat, that 'twixt Ioy and Sorrow was fought in Paulina. View more context for this quotation 1651 T. Hobbes Philos. Rudim. i. §5. 9 The combate of wits. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 33 Is courage only a combat against fear and pain? Compounds C1. attributive and in other combinations, as combat-field. Now in frequent use, esp. in the U.S., in sense: of or pertaining to the fighting services (as opposed to ‘base’ units, etc.). ΚΠ 1825 J. Hogg Queen Hynde 221 Upon the glorious combat-field. 1939 Times 6 Nov. 6/1 The Neutrality Bill..defined ‘combat zones’, from which American ships are barred, to include trade with European neutral countries bordering on the North Sea and the Baltic. 1939 Times 6 Nov. 6/2 The President's neutrality proclamation..goes much farther in its definition of combat areas than any of them had expected. 1942 N.Y. Times 9 Nov. 8/4 General Eisenhower's strong, well-equipped forces include crack combat troops. 1944 Ann. Reg. 1943 137 War production included..combat planes. 1945 U.S. Army Biennial Rep. 24/1 During the winter, three Italian combat groups entered the line of the Eighth Army. 1966 Listener 29 Dec. 949/3 Last January the United States had forty-two combat battalions in Vietnam. C2. combat fatigue n. a nervous disorder resulting from prolonged or severe battle experience. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [noun] > shell-shock, etc. shell shock1915 combat fatigue1943 bomb-happiness1944 survivor syndrome1968 1943 G. N. Raines et al. in Naval Med. Bull. XLI. 923 (heading) Combat fatigue and war neurosis. 1943 G. N. Raines et al. in Naval Med. Bull. XLI. 933 It has been suggested that the term ‘combat fatigue’ be applied to the uncomplicated syndrome. Draft additions March 2003 In plural. Chiefly British. Army fatigues; (sometimes) spec. = combat trousers n. at Additions. ΚΠ 1991 Independent on Sunday 10 Mar. (Review Suppl.) 5/2 In other quarters in the police station, there were the standard khaki fatigues of ordinary soldiers and occasionally the desert combats of the Republican Guard. 1995 J. Miller Voxpop xiii. 190 You used to get loads of people in pilot jackets and combats and then it completely changed, you wear what you want. 2001 Star 6 Jan. 87/3 [He] manages to carry off classic cool by teaming a smart V-neck with some baggy combats. Draft additions March 2003 combat boot n. a rubber-soled boot of hard leather, typically laced and extending above the ankle, originally worn as military issue, but later also as a fashion item. ΚΠ 1944 Yank (Amer. ed.) 28 Jan. 17/1 The QMC has developed a new 10-inch combat boot that is expected to replace the Infantry's shoe-and-legging combination and the special boot now worn by paratroopers. 2001 N.Y. Mag 22 Jan. 51/1 The she-wolf has had her moment; even Courtney Love has gotten rid of her combat boots. Draft additions March 2003 combat jacket n. a military issue jacket, esp. one in a camouflage pattern; any of various styles of casual jacket resembling those in military use. ΚΠ 1940 N.Y. Times 12 Dec. 51/2 Olive drab woolen wristlets for combat jackets. 1969 I. Kemp Brit. G.I. in Vietnam iii. 55 We struggled off our beds and into our combat jackets. 1992 J. Torrington Swing Hammer Swing! v. 26 When I knocked back Phyllis's invite to remove my combat jacket her ruthlessly cropped eyebrows arched a millimetre or so. Draft additions March 2003 combat knife n. any of various types of knife that are designed as weapons and sold or marketed as military issue; spec. a dagger-like knife with a long, thin, double-edged blade and a sharply pointed tip. ΚΠ 1942 Times 19 Sept. 4/6 The parachute troops are armed with automatic weapons, which may be described generally as..mortars, grenades, bayonets, and combat knives. 1982 People (Nexis) 8 Nov. 101 (caption) The difference between a combat knife and a hunting knife, drawled one expert, ‘is what you stick it in’. 1997 Big Issue 9 June 6/2 Also in demand are deadly combat knives, high-powered BB air pistols, ninja grappling hooks and tiny but lethal knives costing just 50p which are disguised as high-quality fountain pens. Draft additions March 2003 combat pants n. originally and chiefly U.S. = combat trousers n. at Additions. ΚΠ 1944 N.Y. Times 9 Oct. 26/3 Let any woman wear..combat pants and high laced boots..and she will understand why some nurses unconsciously take liberties when they dress up. 1982 Washington Post (Nexis) 10 Oct. f1 Cowboy boots, tux-and-jeans, combat pants, windbreakers, punk haircuts, [etc.]. 1998 Daily Tel. 18 Nov. 12/5 GQ's pages show the modern young man decked out in scowls and rib-knit pullovers, combat pants, body warmers and tattoos. Draft additions March 2003 combat trousers n. chiefly British a type of loose-fitting trousers, typically made of heavy cotton in black, camouflage, or khaki, with large external pockets halfway down each leg; a pair of these trousers, originally worn as military issue, but later also as a fashion item; cf. cargo pants n. at cargo n.¹ Additions. ΚΠ 1947 Portland (Maine) Sunday Telegram 19 Oct. d6/5 (advt.) Textile Products... Shoe pacs; overcoats; combat trousers; oilskin trousers; gloves; [etc.]. 1951 Times 20 Sept. 5/5 The combat trousers are of self-lined gaberdine with zippers and buttons. 1982 Guardian Weekly (Nexis) 18 July 19 At Goose Green I was given a spare pair of combat trousers, from a pile of Argentine clothes that had been left in a house. 2001 K. Lette Nip 'n' Tuck 30 My niece, devoid of her Doc Marten boots, combat trousers and beanie, had at last allowed her thick golden hair to fall free. Draft additions September 2018 combat sport n. a sport such as boxing, karate, fencing, etc., in which (usually two) competitors face each other in a form of combat governed by a set of rules. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > [noun] combat sport1923 1923 W. F. Cobb & D. Hutchinson Suggestions Physical Educ. Program Small Secondary Schools (U.S. Bureau Educ.) 10 Wrestling and other combat sports. 1977 J. Riordan Sport Soviet Society (1980) v. 140 A new unarmed combat sport was introduced in 1938... It was called sambo. 2015 Econ. Times (New Delhi) 27 Sept. The interest in mixed martial arts and combat sports as a means of coping with work stress in corporate India seems to have gone beyond fitness fad status. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). combatv. /ˈkɒmbat//ˈkʌmbat//kəmˈbat/ Forms: Also 1500s combatt, 1500s–1700s combate. Etymology: < French combatt-re, in Old French cumbat-re (3rd singular cumbat , combat ), a Common Romanic verb, in Provençal combattre , Spanish combatir , Italian combattere < late Latin combattĕre = combatuĕre < com- together, with + battĕre , batuĕre to fight. Compare abate v.¹, debate v.¹; the different accentuation of combat is perhaps due to association with the noun. 1. a. intransitive. To fight or do battle (originally esp. in single combat). Const. with, against. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > contend in battle or give battle [verb (intransitive)] fightc900 to bid, offer, refuse, accept, take (arch.) battle1297 to do battle1297 to give battle1297 strive13.. battle1330 to instore a battle1382 fettlec1400 pugnec1425 toilc1425 to deliver battle1433 conflict?a1475 bargain1487 mellaya1500 liverc1500 to come out1511 field1535 combat1589 to manage arms1590 sway1590 1543 R. Grafton in Chron. J. Hardyng Ded. sig. ??.iii^v That I a poore erle..Maie combattre, with hym beeyng a kyng.] 1589 A. Jenkinson in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations ii. 369 Haucoire Hamshe..combatting with the said Giant, did bind..him in chaines. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. v. sig. D7^v With that Pagan proud he combatt will that day. 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 698 I will not combat in my shyrt. View more context for this quotation 1652 C. Cotterell tr. G. de Costes de La Calprenède Cassandra iii. 185 Your men combated..against the first of ours. 1836 H. Smith Tin Trumpet I. 152 So habituated to fighting, that he went on combating, even after he was dead. 1867 J. Conington tr. Virgil Æneid xi. 837 Or would men combat hand to hand. b. figurative. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > contend [verb (intransitive)] winc888 fightc900 flitec900 wraxlec1000 wrestlea1200 cockc1225 conteckc1290 strivec1290 struta1300 topc1305 to have, hold, make, take strifec1374 stightlea1375 debatec1386 batea1400 strugglec1412 hurlc1440 ruffle1440 warc1460 warslea1500 pingle?a1513 contend1529 repugn1529 scruggle1530 sturtc1535 tuga1550 broilc1567 threap1572 yoke1581 bustle1585 bandy1594 tilt1595 combat1597 to go (also shake, try, wrestle) a fall1597 mutiny1597 militate1598 combatizec1600 scuffle1601 to run (or ride) a-tilt1608 wage1608 contesta1618 stickle1625 conflict1628 stickle1647 dispute1656 fence1665 contrast1672 scramble1696 to battle it1715 rug1832 grabble1835 buffet1839 tussle1862 pickeer1892 passage1895 tangle1928 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II v. ii. 32 His face still combating with teares and smiles. View more context for this quotation 1651 T. Hobbes Philos. Rudim. 190 When equal Oratours do combat with contrary opinions. 1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iii. 62 [Virtue] may combat with greater Advantage Hereafter. 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake ii. 86 Death seemed combating with life. 2. a. transitive. To fight with, engage, oppose in battle. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > fighting > fight with [verb (transitive)] fightOE strugglec1386 wrestle1398 cope witha1467 undertake1470 to set one's foot by1536 skirmc1540 make1542 to break blows, words with1589 combata1592 to take up1600 warsle1606 stoush1924 society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > fight (a battle, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > contend with acounterc1330 bargainc1375 battlec1399 rencontre1455 field1529 pallc1540 cope with1582 combata1592 to grapple witha1616 to give against ——1646 fight1697 contest1764 a1592 R. Greene Hist. Orlando Furioso (1594) sig. Bii^v He shall ere night be met and combatted. 1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 iv. ix. 43 That Alexander Eyden..tooke oddes to combat with a famisht man. 1652 C. Cotterell tr. G. de Costes de La Calprenède Cassandra i. 44 He hath no more Antagonists to combate. 1806 R. Forsyth Beauties Scotl. III. 119 Under the necessity of turning out to combat their spoilers. b. figurative. (Now the most frequent use.) ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (transitive)] > strive against to stand with ——OE warc1230 contrast1489 gainstrive1549 oppugn1591 warsle1606 combat1627 stickle1627 reluctate1668 antagonize1742 to fight up against1768 1627 W. Duncomb tr. V. d'Audiguier Tragi-comicall Hist. our Times ii. 28 Calista..being no lesse combated with the obligation which shee had unto Lisanders love. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 864 Only my love of thee held long debate; And combated in silence all these reasons With hard contest. View more context for this quotation 1722 W. Wollaston Relig. of Nature i. 13 To follow nature cannot be to combat truth. 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 73 You think you are combating prejudice, but you are at war with nature. View more context for this quotation 1876 C. M. Davies Unorthodox London (rev. ed.) 107 He combated the idea. Derivatives ˈcombated adj. ΚΠ 1819 Scots Mag. Jan. 20/2 I have observed several anomalous instances this season,..equally unaccountable on the combated supposition. ˈcombating n. and adj. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > [noun] i-winc888 wrestlingc890 fightc1000 flitec1000 teenOE winOE ungrithlOE wara1200 cockingc1225 strife?c1225 strivingc1275 struta1300 barratc1300 thro1303 battlec1375 contentionc1384 tuggingc1440 militationa1460 sturtc1480 bargain1487 bargaining1489 distrifea1500 concertation1509 hold1523 conflict1531 ruffle1532 tangling1535 scamblingc1538 tuilyie1550 bustling1553 tilt1567 ruffling1570 wresting1570 certationc1572 pinglinga1578 reluctation1593 combating1594 yoking1594 bandying1599 tention1602 contrast1609 colluctation1611 contestationa1616 dimication1623 rixation1623 colluctance1625 decertation1635 conflicting1640 contrasto1645 dispute1647 luctation1651 contest1665 stickle1665 contra-colluctation1674 contrasting1688 struggle1706 yed1719 widdle1789 scrambling1792 cut and thrust1846 headbutting1869 push-and-pull1881 contending1882 thrust and parry1889 aggro1973 society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > [noun] fightc893 fighting?c1225 battlingc1300 armsc1325 toilc1330 toilingc1330 befighting1489 fielding1526 combating1594 preliation1640 society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > [noun] > fighting in single combat or duel camping1481 combating1594 duello1598 duel1612 duelling1631 kemping1793 the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > [noun] > striving in opposition wragging?c1225 wraggling?c1225 countermoil1581 gainstriving1583 contrasting1688 counter-striving1710 combating1870 1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 sig. D^v The combating Betweene the Armourer and his man. 1685 H. More Illustr. Daniel & Revelation 280 With whom Christ had no small combating long before. 1867 M. Arnold Wish in New Poems 153 Not human combatings with death. 1870 G. Rolleston Forms Animal Life Introd. 18 Methods for the combating of disease. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.1567v.1589
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