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commonaltyn. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French commonalté, communauté. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman commonalté, comunalté, cominalté and Old French, Middle French communauté, communaulté (French communauté ) group of people, community (late 13th cent.), the common people collectively (end of the 13th cent.), joint or shared ownership of goods (1344 in estre en communalté ), in Anglo-Norman also merchant company, fraternity (late 14th cent. or earlier), probably an alteration (after communal communal adj.) of Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French communité , comunité community n. Compare later commonality n.Compare Old Occitan cominaltat , Spanish †comunaldat (c1250 in an apparently isolated attestation), Italian comunaltà (late 14th cent.). With sense 7 compare earlier commonality n. 6. †1. society > society and the community > [noun] c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 1282 in C. Horstmann (1887) 143 Ech þing þat fallez to harme In þe communaute. 1423–4 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt (1931) 182 All þe comynalte of þe Cite, and..all þe Cite, was well plesed with hym. a1475 J. Fortescue (Laud) (1885) 124 Ambassatours..ffrom grete communalties bi yonde þe see. a1500 ( in J. S. Brewer (1858) 521 (MED) Thes endentvre made betwene James Andrew, Mayer of the cytte of London, the Aldermen and comnalte of the same cytte, on the one partye, and freer John Malberthorpe, Wardyn of the freers minors in London. 1535 T. Starkey Let. in J. Strype (1721) I. xxxiii. 238 Persons, which..have rooted a Sedition in this Communalty. 1631 J. Weever 347 The Communaltie of Kent was neuer vanquished by the Conquerour. society > authority > rule or government > a or the state > [noun] > state ruled by the people 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta vi. xi. 453 Many nations of the Indies have not indured any Kings..but live in comminalties, creating and appointing Captains and Princes, for certaine occasions onely. 1660 J. Milton (ed. 2) 94 Which..may be best and soonest obtaind, if every countie..were made a kinde of subordinate Commonaltie or Commonwealth. society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > types of association, society, or organization > [noun] > guild of medieval origin 1423 Guildhall Let.-bk. in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt (1931) 110 (MED) Þat þe saide Comminalte of alle Phisicians and Cirurgeans of London euerche yere of hemselfe mowe chose and presente to þe Mair of þe Cite..oon Rectour for þe Faculte of Medicyn. 1520 R. Elyot Will in T. Elyot (1880) I. App. 315 The Maire and cominaltie of the Citie of New Sarum. 1601 W. West (rev. ed.) 165 A Maior without his Comminaltie. 1774 F. Grose II. London Pl. i. The whole convent, with all the buildings belonging to it, was given to the mayor and commonalty of London. 1885 c. 76 §12 Licensed by the master, wardens, and commonalty of watermen and lightermen of the River Thames. 1999 63 71 The chapel was subsequently in the hands of the minister of the Trinitarians of Hounslow, who in 1447 leased it to the mayor and commonalty of Oxford. society > society and the community > social class > the common people > [noun] a1425 J. Wyclif (1869) I. 119 (MED) Rote of þis malice is coveitise of preestis..Bi þis is þe comynalte of puple maad pore. a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) liv. §10. 196 In the comunaute [?c1400 Sussex comaunment] of folke. 1531 T. Elyot i. i. sig. Aij Plebs in englishe is called the comunaltie, which signifieth onely the multitude, wherin be contayned the base & vulgare inhabitantes, not auanced to any honour or dignite. 1635 T. Heywood 24 The People and Communalty being more apt to apprehend their vices, then imitate their vertues, would fashion themselues to their example. 1667 J. Milton vii. 489 The Parsimonious Emmet..join'd in her popular Tribes Of Commonaltie . View more context for this quotation 1756 tr. J. G. Keyssler I. 145 The commonalty of both sexes wear straw hats. 1874 D. M. Mulock 89 As well-to-do commonalty likes to patronise poor gentility. 1931 J. Buchan 66 First the commonalty, then the gentles—that is our stratagem. 2001 R. Hill (2002) xxxviii. 409 Scholarship kids..were admitted under a system by which..the college undertook to educate three or four scions of the commonalty each year. society > society and the community > social class > the common people > [noun] > as represented in Parliament society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > governing or legislative body of a nation or community > English or British parliament > [noun] > House of Commons 1450–1 Petition in (1767–77) V. 226/1 The Communalte of this your Roialme in the same Parlement assembled, accused and empeched William de la Pole. a1586 Sir P. Sidney (1590) ii. iv. sig. Q4 Enacted, not onely by the comminaltie of Passions, but agreed vnto by her most noble Thoughts. 1588 W. Lambarde (new ed.) iv. xiii. 540 Both Gentlemen and Knights do serve in the Parliament, as members of the Communaltie. 1630 tr. G. Botero (rev. ed.) 174 The three Estates, of the Clergie, the Nobilitie, and Comminaltie. 1648 D. Jenkins 15 The ayds granted by the Commonalty. ?1529 R. Hyrde tr. J. L. Vives sig. i.iij The women coude nat away with that comonalte of goodes. 1899 12 Mar. 8/2 She is in favour of a commonalty of possession, pure and simple. 1979 F. Barlow iii. 127 The clergy and the monks were to observe their rules, especially..commonalty of possessions for the monks. 2012 A. Davidson iv. 171 The Tahitian commonalty of goods that extended even to men offering women for general sexual use was both enticing and embarrassing to the Europeans. the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > [noun] > the generality 1547 R. Record Pref. f. 3 I delyte not in blaming other mennes diligence, which we shuld rather commend, syth they did, after their abilitie, labour to profyte many, yea the hole communaltie. 1659 T. White 37 Not..by a few wise or extraordinarily religious persons, but by the commonalty and universality of Christians. 1710 R. Steele No. 197. ⁋2 Writings which the Commonalty of Scholars have pushed into the World. 1830 J. Galt I. i. i. 6 The commonalty of mankind. the mind > possession > sharing > [noun] > quality of being shared the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [noun] > a similarity 1841 Apr. 109 Old Testament saints..have had..the same trials and temptations meted out to them that you have, so that there is commonalty and union by the way. 1899 L. Abbott (new ed.) xvi. 191 An..invertebrate church..that has not any testimony to give, that has no commonalty of faith. 1939 P. Super vi. 159 There is no commonalty either of physical or of mental type either among the peasants or among the szlachta. 1991 J. Sayers i. 16 Within the commonalties of their shared white middle-class upbringing in imperial Austro-Hungary and Germany.., they differed considerably from each other in their mothering experience. 2002 R. Vanita 11 There is enough commonalty between them to justify including their writings in one collection. Phrasesthe mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > privacy > [adverb] society > communication > manifestation > manifestness > openness or unconcealedness > [adverb] a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng (Harl.) l. 5964 Hyt ys coueytyse and þeft pryue To bye þyng out of commalte [a1425 Bodl. comnalte]. a1425 J. Wyclif (1869) I. 110 (MED) Ȝyf Crist wolde for pryde do þis myracle..he wolde in comunalte [a1475 Cambr. Ii.1.40 communete] do þis dede, and not þus oonli in desert. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  n.c1300 |
