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单词 communing
释义

communingn.

Brit. /kəˈmjuːnɪŋ/, U.S. /kəˈmjunɪŋ/
Forms: Middle English comuning, Middle English comuninge, Middle English comwnynge, Middle English komunynge, Middle English–1500s communyng, Middle English–1500s communynge, Middle English–1500s comunyng, Middle English–1500s comunynge, Middle English– communing; Scottish pre-1700 comuning, pre-1700 1700s– communing, 1900s– communin'.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: commune v., -ing suffix1.
Etymology: < commune v. + -ing suffix1.
1. Communion, fellowship. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > aspects of faith > communion > [noun]
fellowredc1230
commonc1300
communing1357
brotherheadc1384
fellowshipc1384
commoninga1400
communionc1405
brotherhooda1425
sodality1602
consent1635
correspondence1642
converse1668
koinonia1907
J. Gaytryge Lay Folks' Catech. (York Min.) (1901) l. 101 Halikirk our modir..is communyng and felawred of al cristen folk, That communes to-gedir in the sacrementȝ.
Remonstr. against Romish Corruptions (Titus) (1851) 58 The puple bileuith not stidefastli the comunynge of seyntis.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 25087 (MED) To haf wit santes communing, þis es a pointe of vr truing.
c1475 (c1445) R. Pecock Donet (1921) 38/2 Whanne euer þei iustly..putten vs oute of cristen or saued mennys comuning or felawschip.
1509 Paternoster, Ave & Creed (W. de W.) A iij I trowe in..holy chirche unyversall, comunynge of sayntes.
2. The action of administering, receiving, or joining together in the Eucharist. rare after 16th cent.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > [noun] > attendance or partaking of
commoningc1384
communingc1425
communion1440
perceptionc1450
sumptionc1450
sustentationc1450
manducationa1513
receipt?a1513
communicating1550
communication1550
mastication1601
theanthropophagy1654
theophagy1875
c1425 Prose Versions New Test.: Deeds (Cambr.) (1904) ii. 42 (MED) Þei wore þanne lastande in þo apostuls techinge, ande in komunynge of brekinge of brede, ande in preyers.
a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) vi. 1 Comunynge of sacrament of þe autere.
1548 E. Gest Treat. againste Masse sig. Fviv Mutual receipt and comunyng of them.
?1570 tr. Shepardes Kalendar (rev. ed.) vii. sig. C.viiiv Communynge of the Sacrament.
1785 W. Huntington Epist. of Faith xxv. 211 He tells them that their communing was sinful, instead of holy; that they contracted guilt at it, instead of receiving grace in it.
1842 Universalist Union 8 Jan. 115/2 We should not fail to seal our vows by making an offering of gratitude in communing of the body and the blood of Christ.
2000 B. D. Marshall Trinity & Truth ii. 23 In Western churches the communing of infants and children is now increasingly widespread.
3. The action or an act of conversing, conferring, or consulting with someone; debate, discussion, deliberation. Now rare (Scottish in later use).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > sharing > [noun]
del-takingc825
partakingc1384
partingc1384
communingc1425
participation?a1475
communicating1550
sharing1598
intercommonage1628
compartition1636
copartiality1677
deal1873
the mind > language > speech > conversation > [noun] > conferring or consulting
aughteOE
redeOE
somrunec1275
speakingc1275
counselc1290
deliberationc1405
advisement1414
commoninga1425
communingc1425
imparlement1450
imparling1450
parleyc1490
parleying1508
counselment1523
parling1527
counsellinga1533
practice1540
interview1541
consultation1548
parliance1553
conference1555
enterparling1557
consult1560
imparlee1565
parlance1577
imparlance1579
parliamenting1582
deliberative1590
converse1614
parliamentation1622
powwowing1642
consulting1823
powwowism1873
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. 3665 (MED) While þe trewe dide þus endure, Þei fil in trete and in comwnynge Of Anthenor and Thoas þe kyng.
1429 Rolls of Parl. IV. 343/1 He whome the seide matier toucheth shal noght be present, whiles the same matier..is in communyng.
c1450 (?c1425) St. Christina in Anglia (1885) 8 130 Cownseylles and communynges.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. ccxv After euery man had talked inough, there was no more communyng of the matter, but all was in peace.
a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation (1644) ii. 160 Our Gentlemen.., after so many Communings, returned for the most part to their dwelling places.
?a1736 J. Hog Mem. (1798) vi. 91 They charge on him and build a process upon mistakes and aspersions, which he had been at great pains to take off both in more private communings.
1788 J. Skinner Eccl. Hist. Scotl. II. 633 After much communing and reasoning about the Usages, the following stipulations were agreed to.
1810 G. Robertson Gen. View Kincardineshire 55 In arranging the mode of culture and other conditions of a lease, the parties have commonly a strife in the communing.
1937 in Sc. National Dict. at Communing They had an awfu' communin' owre the heid o't.
4. The action or an act of communicating intimately with someone, esp. at a deep level of mental or spiritual engagement, or attaining a state of rapport and spiritual unity with something. Chiefly with with.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > conversation > [noun] > spiritual or mental
fellowredc1230
fellowshipc1384
commerce1597
communing1608
communion1800
1608 W. Cowper Triumph of Christian 21 We know that the presence of men is oftentimes a great impediment of the free communing of our soules with God.
a1684 R. Leighton Serm. (1692) ii. 24 It is a rare unfrequented thing, this Communing of the heart with God.
1718 W. MacGeorge Sum of Christianity 28 Communing with our own Hearts, Searching and Trying our Ways, Examining the State of our Souls.
1758 J. Mears Forms of Devotion 162 Be pleased, O Lord,..graciously to countenance and assist us in our communings with our own hearts.
1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus iii. ii. 77/2 That Communing of Soul with Soul.
1848 E. Bennett Trapper's Bride vii. 44 Usually he seemed thoughtful, and appeared wrapt in his own reflections and communings.
1887 W. F. Barry New Antigone I. i. ix. 140 Artistic discussion and talk upon general topics were giving way to more intimate personal communings.
1904 Burlington Mag. May 141/1 The loneliness of their life and their silent communings with nature recalled his favourite passages from Virgil and the Psalms.
1942 Times 28 Sept. 6/3 There was compensation in the intimacy of the pianist's communing with the composer.
1990 Marxism Today Jan. 23/1 As the me-decade recedes into the collective memory, a new emphasis is being placed in the media on the values of caring, communing and connecting.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

communingadj.

Brit. /kəˈmjuːnɪŋ/, U.S. /kəˈmjunɪŋ/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: commune v., -ing suffix2.
Etymology: < commune v. + -ing suffix2.
That communes (in various senses); that is in communion.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > [adjective] > receiving
communicant1563
theophagous1880
communing1887
1824 J. Clare Let. 20 Apr. (1985) 294 They [sc. the Ranters] are a set of simple sincere & communing christians..happy in their devotions.
1832 S. L. Fairfield Last Night of Pompeii iii. 200 From meek adorings and communing love, Then rose they..serene and robed in holy thoughts.
1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 29 Oct. 2/1 The Baptist Union..consists of between 1,800 and 2,000 churches with their pastors, and a communing membership of over 200,000.
1918 ‘R. West’ Return of Soldier 69 They would stand in a communing silence.
1957 Jrnl. Bible & Relig. 25 312/1 The combination of these two drives toward moral achievement in and through a society of communing spirits discloses divine will.
1992 T. Moore Care of Soul (1994) viii. 173 In this Emersonian exercise program, the soul is involved in the perception of an intimacy between human personality and the world's communing body.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1357adj.1824
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