condensern.

Brit.

/kənˈdɛnsə/, U.S.

/kənˈdɛnsər/

Forms: Also 1800s -or.

Etymology: < condense v. + -er suffix¹. Compare modern French condenseur.

I. General: One who or that which condenses.

1. That which makes dense, collects into smaller space, intensifies, etc.: see condense v. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > [noun] > concentration or condensation > that which causes

condenser1686

the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > [noun] > becoming or making dense or solid > by compaction or compression > that which

condenser1686

solidifier1863

surcharge1930

1686 J. Goad Astro-meteorologica i. ii. 6 Infinite variety of Rarefiers and Condensers.

1804 R. Prony in Jrnl. Nat. Philos. Dec. 275 (title) A Condenser of Forces.

2. That which reduces vapour to the liquid condition (esp. by cooling): see condense v. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > moisture or humidity > [noun] > one who or that which condenses

condenser1860

condensator1874

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xx. 137 The cold crags..acted like condensers upon the ascending vapour.

1880 S. Haughton Six Lect. Physical Geogr. iii. 128 Mountain ranges..serve as condensers for the aqueous vapour.

3. One who condenses or abridges in literature.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > summary or epitome > [noun] > summarizing or abridging > one who

abbreviator1529

abridger1555

summarist1577

summister1577

summulary1580

summer-up1599

summist1602

breviate-maker1611

epitomist1611

epitomizer1615

barber1616

breviarist1621

epitomator1621

summulist1635

abbreviarist1679

breviator1679

compendiarist1679

compendiator1679

curtailer1724

literator1785

summarizer1861

condenser1868

trimmer1876

1868 Morning Star 16 June In the..summary of correspondence..the condenser omits to mention, etc.

1870 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows (1886) 363 He was..the condenser..of Bolingbroke.

1888 Daily News 30 Apr. 7/4 (advt.) Situation wanted As Editor, Sub-Editor..Concise critical writer, condenser.

II. Specific and technical senses.

4. A vessel or apparatus in which vapour is reduced (e.g. by cooling) to the liquid (or solid) form.

a. Distilling. That part of the apparatus in which the vapour is condensed.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > still > [noun] > other parts of still

bucket1594

shank1600

bolt-head1612

rostrum1654

glass-belly1681

still-head1694

condenser1874

1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 607/2 The still-condenser is generally of the worm-tub form.

attributive.1890 Pall Mall Gaz. 28 July 6/1 Hurricane..at Suakin..demolition of the condenser chimneys.

b. Steam Engine. A chamber in a steam-engine in which the steam is condensed into water on leaving the cylinder, either by injection of cold water, or by exposure to a chilled surface ( surface condenser). Also in combination as condenser-gauge.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > steam engine > [noun] > parts of > condensers

condenser1769

surface condenser1843

tube-condenser1877

pickle pot1903

1769 Watt Brit. Patent 913 2 These vessels I call condensers.

1833 N. Arnott Elements Physics (ed. 5) II. 93 Watt..contrived the separate condenser for his steam-engine, by which heat once saved three-fourths of the fuel formerly used.

1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 607/2 The surface-condenser has a series of flat chambers or tubes..in which the steam is cooled by a body of water surrounding the tubes.

1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 609/1 Condenser-gage, a tube of glass, thirty-two inches long,..the upper end..fixed to the condenser, the lower end dipping into mercury..to ascertain the degree of exhaustion in the steam-condenser.

c. Gasworks. An apparatus in which the tar, ammonia, and other substances mixed with the heated gas are condensed and separated by cooling.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for making other articles > [noun] > gas-making equipment > parts of

condensator1804

condenser1809

gas retort1818

seal1853

seal-cup1872

seal-pipe1875

train1925

1809 A. Winsor Brit. Patent 3200 4 The condensor..serves to cool and decompose the hot smoke and gas.

c1865 H. Letheby in J. Wylde Circle of Sci. I. 117/1 From the condenser the gas passes to the purifiers.

1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) II. 579 The condenser, the office of which..is to effect the condensation of all those vapours which could not be retained by the gas at the ordinary atmospheric temperature.

d. Metallurgy. (See quots.)

ΚΠ

1874 in E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech.

1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 122 Condenser, a vessel or chamber in which volatile products of roasting or smelting (e.g. mercury or zinc vapors) are reduced to solid form by cooling.

5. Pneumatics. An apparatus for condensing or compressing air, a pneumatic force-pump.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > gas > air > [noun] > air-pressure > compressed or confined air > device for compressing

condenser1728

condensing engine1753

air condenser1815

air compressor1837

air-compressor1874

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Condenser, a pneumatick Engine, whereby an unusual quantity of Air may be crouded into a given Space.

1829 Nat. Philos. (Libr. Useful Knowl.) I. Pneumatics 20 The condenser..is the opposite of the air-pump.

6. An apparatus for accumulating or increasing the intensity of an electric charge. (Cf. condense v. 1c) (Now largely superseded by capacitor n.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric charge, electricity > [noun] > apparatus for collection

collector1777

condenser1782

accumulator1879

capacitor1926

electrolytic1936

1782 Volta in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 72 App. 8 I had rather call it a condenser of electricity..using a word which expresses at once the reason and cause of the phenomenon.

1790 W. Nicholson Introd. Nat. Philos. (ed. 3) II. 356 The condenser is of excellent use to ascertain the presence..of atmospherical electricity when the conductor is..slightly electrified.

1881 Spottiswoode in Nature No. 623. 546 We have Leyden jars or condensers for accumulating large charges.

1881 J. C. Maxwell Treat. Electr. & Magnetism (ed. 2) I. 50 Accumulators are sometimes called Condensers, but I prefer to restrict the term ‘condenser’ to an instrument which is used not to hold electricity but to increase its superficial density.

1943 Gloss. Terms Electr. Engin. (B.S.I.) 27 Capacitor, condenser, a piece of apparatus capable of storing electrical energy as electric stress in insulating material.

1968 Practical Motorist Oct. 205 Condenser or Capacitor.

7. Optics. A lens or system of lenses by which light is concentrated on one point or object.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > lens > [noun] > other lenses

concave1632

globe1653

meniscus1693

hemispherule1696

convex1705

omphaloptic1728

omphalopter1738

crown lens1764

achromatic1785

condenser1798

meniscus lens1820

Fresnel lens1835

bull's-eye1839

Stanhope lens1850

spot lens1860

amplifier1866

achromat1873

projectora1884

aplanat1890

triplet condenser1892

Aldis lens1902

monocentric1922

Schmidt correcting plate1934

coated lens1948

Panavision1955

Schmidt correcting lens1961

re-imaging1962

1798 F. Kanmacher Adams's Ess. Microscope (ed. 2) 107 Fig. 4 represents..a condenser. There are three in number... They serve to condense the sun's rays strongly upon the object.

1832 A. Pritchard Microsc. Cabinet 243 A large condenser placed before the reflector.

8. Wool Manufacturing. A machine which receives the narrow slivers from the carding machine and rolls them into ‘slubbings’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing wool > [noun] > other processes > equipment for

wool-weighc1100

raving fat1555

plucker1794

sheeter1853

condenser1862

fugal1895

1862 Reports of Juries, Exhibition Class xxi. 4 The ‘condenser’ is now very generally used..It also entirely supersedes the ‘slubbing’ machine.

1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 608/2 The narrow circumferential cards of the doffing-cylinder deliver narrow slivers which pass to the condenser.

9. Sugar Manufacturing. An apparatus for the partial concentration of the clarified juice.

ΚΠ

1874 in E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech.

Compounds

C1. attributive.

condenser plate n.

ΚΠ

1924 Times Trade & Engin. Suppl. 29 Nov. 242/3 Wireless requisites, such as earphones, condenser plates, and aluminium stampings.

C2.

condenser current n. (see quot.)

ΚΠ

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 78/1 If the cable is open-circuited at the far end, a current will still be found flowing through the armature of an alternator connected to it. This is called the condenser current or capacity current of the cable.

condenser door n. the plate at the end of a surface condenser.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > steam engine > [noun] > parts of > condensers > part of

condenser door1888

1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. Condenser Door, the rectangular or round-ended cast-iron plate which closes the end of a surface condenser near the ends of the tubes.

1897 Daily News 1 Jan. 3/2 The condenser doors were also open.

condenser house n. (see sense 6).

ΚΠ

1907 Daily Chron. 18 Oct. 5/1 Corrugated iron condenser house.

condenser loudspeaker n. (see quots.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > loud speaker

loudspeaker1884

speaker1926

condenser loudspeaker1929

monitor1931

tweeter1934

woofer1935

squawk box1945

ionophone1952

monitor speaker1954

mid-range1955

squawker1959

subwoofer1975

1929 Proc. IRE 17 1142 By using the Kyle principle of construction, it has been possible to develop a practicable condenser loud speaker.

1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 188/1 Condenser loudspeaker, a loudspeaker in which the sound-radiating element forms one electrode of a large condenser, to which polarised modulation voltages are applied.

1959 W. S. Sharps Dict. Cinematogr. 93/2 Electrostatic loudspeaker (capacitor loudspeaker) (condenser loudspeaker). An electrostatic loudspeaker is a loudspeaker in which the mechanical forces are produced by the action of electrostatic fields.

condenser microphone n. see condenser loudspeaker n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > microphone

carbon transmitter1878

microphone1878

carbon microphone1879

pantelephone1881

phonoscope1890

mike1911

condenser microphone1921

magnetophone1922

radio microphone1922

ionophone1924

crystal microphone1925

ribbon microphone1925

radio mike1926

laryngophone1927

velocity microphone1931

ribbon mike1933

pressure microphone1934

bug1936

eight ball1937

ribbon1937

throat microphone1937

throat mike1937

rifle microphone1938

parabolic microphone1939

lip microphone1941

intercept1942

spike mike1950

spy-mike1955

spy-microphone1960

mic1961

rifle mike1961

gun microphone1962

spike microphone1962

shotgun microphone1968

Lavallière1972

wire1973

sneaky1974

multi-mikes1990

1921 L. B. Turner Wireless Telegr. 160 (caption) Condenser microphone.

1928 B.B.C. Handbk. 267/1 Condenser Microphone, a microphone consisting of two plates of a condenser, whose distance apart is altered by the sound waves impinging upon one of them.

1938 Admiralty Handbk. Wireless Telegr. II. §N. 12 In historical development, the condenser microphone succeeded the carbon granule type and was much used for broadcasting work.

1960 H. Carter Dict. Electronics 53 Condenser microphone, microphone consisting in essence of a capacitor, one plate of which is made to vibrate by the incident sound waves, thus varying the distance between the two plates and therefore the capacitance of the device.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	condenser
释义	condensern. Brit. /kənˈdɛnsə/, U.S. /kənˈdɛnsər/ Forms: Also 1800s -or. Etymology: < condense v. + -er suffix¹. Compare modern French condenseur. I. General: One who or that which condenses. 1. That which makes dense, collects into smaller space, intensifies, etc.: see condense v. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > [noun] > concentration or condensation > that which causes condenser1686 the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > [noun] > becoming or making dense or solid > by compaction or compression > that which condenser1686 solidifier1863 surcharge1930 1686 J. Goad Astro-meteorologica i. ii. 6 Infinite variety of Rarefiers and Condensers. 1804 R. Prony in Jrnl. Nat. Philos. Dec. 275 (title) A Condenser of Forces. 2. That which reduces vapour to the liquid condition (esp. by cooling): see condense v. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > moisture or humidity > [noun] > one who or that which condenses condenser1860 condensator1874 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xx. 137 The cold crags..acted like condensers upon the ascending vapour. 1880 S. Haughton Six Lect. Physical Geogr. iii. 128 Mountain ranges..serve as condensers for the aqueous vapour. 3. One who condenses or abridges in literature. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > summary or epitome > [noun] > summarizing or abridging > one who abbreviator1529 abridger1555 summarist1577 summister1577 summulary1580 summer-up1599 summist1602 breviate-maker1611 epitomist1611 epitomizer1615 barber1616 breviarist1621 epitomator1621 summulist1635 abbreviarist1679 breviator1679 compendiarist1679 compendiator1679 curtailer1724 literator1785 summarizer1861 condenser1868 trimmer1876 1868 Morning Star 16 June In the..summary of correspondence..the condenser omits to mention, etc. 1870 J. R. Lowell My Study Windows (1886) 363 He was..the condenser..of Bolingbroke. 1888 Daily News 30 Apr. 7/4 (advt.) Situation wanted As Editor, Sub-Editor..Concise critical writer, condenser. II. Specific and technical senses. 4. A vessel or apparatus in which vapour is reduced (e.g. by cooling) to the liquid (or solid) form. a. Distilling. That part of the apparatus in which the vapour is condensed. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > still > [noun] > other parts of still bucket1594 shank1600 bolt-head1612 rostrum1654 glass-belly1681 still-head1694 condenser1874 1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 607/2 The still-condenser is generally of the worm-tub form. attributive.1890 Pall Mall Gaz. 28 July 6/1 Hurricane..at Suakin..demolition of the condenser chimneys. b. Steam Engine. A chamber in a steam-engine in which the steam is condensed into water on leaving the cylinder, either by injection of cold water, or by exposure to a chilled surface ( surface condenser). Also in combination as condenser-gauge. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > steam engine > [noun] > parts of > condensers condenser1769 surface condenser1843 tube-condenser1877 pickle pot1903 1769 Watt Brit. Patent 913 2 These vessels I call condensers. 1833 N. Arnott Elements Physics (ed. 5) II. 93 Watt..contrived the separate condenser for his steam-engine, by which heat once saved three-fourths of the fuel formerly used. 1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 607/2 The surface-condenser has a series of flat chambers or tubes..in which the steam is cooled by a body of water surrounding the tubes. 1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 609/1 Condenser-gage, a tube of glass, thirty-two inches long,..the upper end..fixed to the condenser, the lower end dipping into mercury..to ascertain the degree of exhaustion in the steam-condenser. c. Gasworks. An apparatus in which the tar, ammonia, and other substances mixed with the heated gas are condensed and separated by cooling. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for making other articles > [noun] > gas-making equipment > parts of condensator1804 condenser1809 gas retort1818 seal1853 seal-cup1872 seal-pipe1875 train1925 1809 A. Winsor Brit. Patent 3200 4 The condensor..serves to cool and decompose the hot smoke and gas. c1865 H. Letheby in J. Wylde Circle of Sci. I. 117/1 From the condenser the gas passes to the purifiers. 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) II. 579 The condenser, the office of which..is to effect the condensation of all those vapours which could not be retained by the gas at the ordinary atmospheric temperature. d. Metallurgy. (See quots.) ΚΠ 1874 in E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. 1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 122 Condenser, a vessel or chamber in which volatile products of roasting or smelting (e.g. mercury or zinc vapors) are reduced to solid form by cooling. 5. Pneumatics. An apparatus for condensing or compressing air, a pneumatic force-pump. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > gas > air > [noun] > air-pressure > compressed or confined air > device for compressing condenser1728 condensing engine1753 air condenser1815 air compressor1837 air-compressor1874 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Condenser, a pneumatick Engine, whereby an unusual quantity of Air may be crouded into a given Space. 1829 Nat. Philos. (Libr. Useful Knowl.) I. Pneumatics 20 The condenser..is the opposite of the air-pump. 6. An apparatus for accumulating or increasing the intensity of an electric charge. (Cf. condense v. 1c) (Now largely superseded by capacitor n.) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electric charge, electricity > [noun] > apparatus for collection collector1777 condenser1782 accumulator1879 capacitor1926 electrolytic1936 1782 Volta in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 72 App. 8 I had rather call it a condenser of electricity..using a word which expresses at once the reason and cause of the phenomenon. 1790 W. Nicholson Introd. Nat. Philos. (ed. 3) II. 356 The condenser is of excellent use to ascertain the presence..of atmospherical electricity when the conductor is..slightly electrified. 1881 Spottiswoode in Nature No. 623. 546 We have Leyden jars or condensers for accumulating large charges. 1881 J. C. Maxwell Treat. Electr. & Magnetism (ed. 2) I. 50 Accumulators are sometimes called Condensers, but I prefer to restrict the term ‘condenser’ to an instrument which is used not to hold electricity but to increase its superficial density. 1943 Gloss. Terms Electr. Engin. (B.S.I.) 27 Capacitor, condenser, a piece of apparatus capable of storing electrical energy as electric stress in insulating material. 1968 Practical Motorist Oct. 205 Condenser or Capacitor. 7. Optics. A lens or system of lenses by which light is concentrated on one point or object. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > lens > [noun] > other lenses concave1632 globe1653 meniscus1693 hemispherule1696 convex1705 omphaloptic1728 omphalopter1738 crown lens1764 achromatic1785 condenser1798 meniscus lens1820 Fresnel lens1835 bull's-eye1839 Stanhope lens1850 spot lens1860 amplifier1866 achromat1873 projectora1884 aplanat1890 triplet condenser1892 Aldis lens1902 monocentric1922 Schmidt correcting plate1934 coated lens1948 Panavision1955 Schmidt correcting lens1961 re-imaging1962 1798 F. Kanmacher Adams's Ess. Microscope (ed. 2) 107 Fig. 4 represents..a condenser. There are three in number... They serve to condense the sun's rays strongly upon the object. 1832 A. Pritchard Microsc. Cabinet 243 A large condenser placed before the reflector. 8. Wool Manufacturing. A machine which receives the narrow slivers from the carding machine and rolls them into ‘slubbings’. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing wool > [noun] > other processes > equipment for wool-weighc1100 raving fat1555 plucker1794 sheeter1853 condenser1862 fugal1895 1862 Reports of Juries, Exhibition Class xxi. 4 The ‘condenser’ is now very generally used..It also entirely supersedes the ‘slubbing’ machine. 1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 608/2 The narrow circumferential cards of the doffing-cylinder deliver narrow slivers which pass to the condenser. 9. Sugar Manufacturing. An apparatus for the partial concentration of the clarified juice. ΚΠ 1874 in E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Compounds C1. attributive. condenser plate n. ΚΠ 1924 Times Trade & Engin. Suppl. 29 Nov. 242/3 Wireless requisites, such as earphones, condenser plates, and aluminium stampings. C2. condenser current n. (see quot.) ΚΠ 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 78/1 If the cable is open-circuited at the far end, a current will still be found flowing through the armature of an alternator connected to it. This is called the condenser current or capacity current of the cable. condenser door n. the plate at the end of a surface condenser. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > steam engine > [noun] > parts of > condensers > part of condenser door1888 1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. Condenser Door, the rectangular or round-ended cast-iron plate which closes the end of a surface condenser near the ends of the tubes. 1897 Daily News 1 Jan. 3/2 The condenser doors were also open. condenser house n. (see sense 6). ΚΠ 1907 Daily Chron. 18 Oct. 5/1 Corrugated iron condenser house. condenser loudspeaker n. (see quots.). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > loud speaker loudspeaker1884 speaker1926 condenser loudspeaker1929 monitor1931 tweeter1934 woofer1935 squawk box1945 ionophone1952 monitor speaker1954 mid-range1955 squawker1959 subwoofer1975 1929 Proc. IRE 17 1142 By using the Kyle principle of construction, it has been possible to develop a practicable condenser loud speaker. 1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 188/1 Condenser loudspeaker, a loudspeaker in which the sound-radiating element forms one electrode of a large condenser, to which polarised modulation voltages are applied. 1959 W. S. Sharps Dict. Cinematogr. 93/2 Electrostatic loudspeaker (capacitor loudspeaker) (condenser loudspeaker). An electrostatic loudspeaker is a loudspeaker in which the mechanical forces are produced by the action of electrostatic fields. condenser microphone n. see condenser loudspeaker n. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > audibility > sound magnification or reproduction > [noun] > microphone carbon transmitter1878 microphone1878 carbon microphone1879 pantelephone1881 phonoscope1890 mike1911 condenser microphone1921 magnetophone1922 radio microphone1922 ionophone1924 crystal microphone1925 ribbon microphone1925 radio mike1926 laryngophone1927 velocity microphone1931 ribbon mike1933 pressure microphone1934 bug1936 eight ball1937 ribbon1937 throat microphone1937 throat mike1937 rifle microphone1938 parabolic microphone1939 lip microphone1941 intercept1942 spike mike1950 spy-mike1955 spy-microphone1960 mic1961 rifle mike1961 gun microphone1962 spike microphone1962 shotgun microphone1968 Lavallière1972 wire1973 sneaky1974 multi-mikes1990 1921 L. B. Turner Wireless Telegr. 160 (caption) Condenser microphone. 1928 B.B.C. Handbk. 267/1 Condenser Microphone, a microphone consisting of two plates of a condenser, whose distance apart is altered by the sound waves impinging upon one of them. 1938 Admiralty Handbk. Wireless Telegr. II. §N. 12 In historical development, the condenser microphone succeeded the carbon granule type and was much used for broadcasting work. 1960 H. Carter Dict. Electronics 53 Condenser microphone, microphone consisting in essence of a capacitor, one plate of which is made to vibrate by the incident sound waves, thus varying the distance between the two plates and therefore the capacitance of the device. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1686
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