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单词 compile
释义

compilen.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: compile v.
Etymology: < compile v. Compare earlier compilation n., compiling n.
Obsolete rare.
Accumulation.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > mass formed by collection of particles > an accumulation
accumulation1490
amass1567
compile1595
compilement1655
collection1697
lodgement1739
cumulation1892
pile-up1937
1595 G. Markham Most Honorable Trag. Sir R. Grinuile xxx Saturns compile [rhyme exile] Of frantike discontentment.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

compilev.

Brit. /kəmˈpʌɪl/, U.S. /kəmˈpaɪl/
Forms: Also Middle English–1500s compyle.
Etymology: < French compile-r (14th cent. in Godefroy) to put together, collect; (commonly taken as) < Latin compīlāre to plunder, pillage, rob, steal, snatch together and carry off. The history is by no means clear. In reference to literary ‘compiling’, compīlātor was applied reproachfully by rivals to Vergil, and this is commonly taken as = ‘plunderer’; but Isidore (a640), in reference to this very circumstance, says ‘Compilator, qui aliena dicta suis permiscet, sicut solent pigmentarii in pila diversa mixta contundere’, where the etymological explanation ‘to mix in a mortar’, implies at least that no sense of ‘plunder’ any longer attached to the word. In medieval Latin Du Cange has compilatus = ‘exstructus’, said of an arch; Godefroy has Old French compilé = ‘constructed, built’, of a palace, which seem also to point to some other derivation. Compare branch II. below.
I. With reference to literary work, and the like.
1. transitive. To collect and put together (materials), so as to form a treatise; to collect into a volume.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > a compilation > compile (a work) [verb (transitive)] > materials for a work
gathera1000
compilec1425
comprisec1425
c1425 Wyntoun Cron. ii. Prol. 24 Of hys storys þa wyll I Compyle, þat me-thynk mast lykly Tyl oure Matere accordande.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection Pref. sig. Aii If I had them compyled in one treatyse.
1577 H. I. tr. H. Bullinger 50 Godlie Serm. I. i. i. sig. A.iiij Moses in an hystory compileth the traditions of the fathers.
1669 W. Simpson Hydrologia Chymica 215 The most select experiments compil'd together.
1880 L. Stephen Alexander Pope iii. 77 Compiling notes to the Iliad from Eustathius.
2.
a. To make, compose, or construct (a written or printed work) by arrangement of materials collected from various sources.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > a compilation > compile (a work) [verb (transitive)]
compilea1387
quilt1605
to put together1862
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 77 Broþer Ranulf monk of Chestre compiled and made þis present cronicle.
1447 O. Bokenham Lyvys Seyntys (1835) 13 I wolde compyle A clere descrypcyoun..Of alle hyr feturys.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xiii. 699 In tyme of the compyling Of this buk.
?1518 A. Barclay tr. D. Mancinus Myrrour Good Maners sig. H If thou take vpon the, a comment to compyle..on Ouyd or Vyrgyle.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 159 Osman who compiled the Alcoran out of Mahomets loose paper.
a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 103 The twelve Apostles..are said to have compil'd their Creed in this place.
1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1748 I. 101 [W. Adams:] The French Academy..took forty years to compile their Dictionary.
1839 T. Keightley Hist. Eng. II. 81 Cranmer..compiled a liturgy in English.
b. Predicated of the materials. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 38* I omit many instances..which alone would compile a just volume.
c. Computing. To produce (a machine-coded form of a program), originally from existing subroutines but now from a source program in a high-level language; also, more commonly, to translate from a high-level source language into machine language, usually by means of a program written for the purpose (see compiler n. 1b).
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > programming language > programme execution > run or execute [verb (transitive)] > compile
compile1952
1952 Proc. Assoc. Computing Machinery 1/2 UNIVAC compiled the program in one and one half minutes.
1960 R. H. Gregory & R. L. Van Horn Automatic Data-processing Syst. viii. 273 After check-out, the final version of the program..can be compiled into the numerical code of the machine.
1960 Communications ACM 3 607/1 In December, 1958, a hand-coded version of Neliac compiled its first rudimentary code for the Remington Rank Univac Countess computer.
1961 Communications ACM 4 74 The method..for compiling Boolean expressions is an alternative to the usual method which would compile an object program that performs all logical operations indicated in the expression.
1961 IRE Trans. Electronic Computers 10 561/3 A basic compiler for arithmetic expressions that will compile intermediate language programs from assignment statements and arithmetic expressions is described.
1972 M. D. Freedman Princ. Digital Computer Operation xi. 181 When the complete program has been compiled, the programmer can request that it be executed.
1976 M. Laver Introd. Uses of Computers vi. 113 When the source program is a long one..it will be compiled as a separate preliminary process; but short scientific programs may be compiled and run in a single load and go operation.
1979 M. S. Carberry et al. Found. Computer Sci. iii. 58 The internal program compiled by the computer is called the object program.
1982 Sci. Amer. Dec. 94/2 Fortran programs are compiled.
3. To compose as original work (esp. a work of definite form or structure, e.g. a sonnet). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > be the author of or write (a work) [verb (transitive)]
setc888
adighteOE
awriteeOE
writeeOE
dightc1000
workOE
makelOE
brevea1225
ditea1300
aditec1330
indite1340
betravail1387
compone1393
saya1475
compile1477
compose1483
comprise1485
recite1523
pen1530
contex1542
invent1576
author1597
context1628
to make up1630
spawn1631
1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 154 I shal compyle an epistle.
a1500 Songs Costume (Percy Soc.) 54 This litel schort dyté, Rudely compyled, lat it be noon offence.
1509 (title) A Mornynge Remembraunce..Compyled by the Reuerent Fader in God, Johan Fisher Bysshop of Rochester.
a1593 C. Marlowe Hero & Leander (1598) i Some, their violent passions to assuage, Compile sharp satires.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. iii. 132 Longauile, Did neuer Sonnet for her sake compile . View more context for this quotation
4. To render (into another language); to translate. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > translation > translate [verb (transitive)]
setc888
wendeOE
turnc1175
writec1275
drawa1325
translatea1375
expound1377
takea1382
interpret1382
transpose1390
remue?a1400
renderc1400
put?a1425
to draw outa1450
reducec1450
compile1483
redige?1517
make1529
traducea1533
traduct1534
converta1538
do1561
to set out1597
transcribe1639
throw1652
metaphrase1868
versionize1874
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 178/2 His passyon bede compyled out of greek in to latyn.
1586 W. Webbe Disc. Eng. Poetrie sig. F.i v Googe, in translating and enlarging the most profitable worke of Heresbachius, hath deserued much commendation..for hys faythfull compyling and learned increasing the noble worke.
II. In other senses. [In some of these, evidently associated with pile v.2 to heap; but not necessarily derived therefrom: see note to the derivation.]
5. To heap together, pile up; to gather or form into a heap or mass. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] > gather in one mass or form lumps > accumulate
heapc1000
tassea1400
aggregate?a1425
grossc1440
amass1481
accumulatec1487
accumule1490
exaggerate1533
cumulate1534
compile1578
pook1587
mass1604
hilla1618
congeriate1628
agglomerate1751
pile1827
to roll up1848
1578 J. Banister Hist. Man v. f. 75v Nature hath boulstred the same [vein] with many Glandules compiled together.
1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 457 In this one portion of accusation, I doe perceave two severall crimes compyled together.
1723 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth (ed. 3) 80 The Strata are compil'd..every where after the very same Method.
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Pit fall Light straight Sticks..which you must compile one over another.
1812 W. Taylor in Monthly Mag. 34 318 Dung is collected for fuel, not compiled for manure.
6.
a. To construct by putting together materials; to make up, build. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > construct
workOE
dighta1175
to set upc1275
graitha1300
formc1300
pitchc1330
compoundc1374
to put togethera1387
performc1395
bigc1400
elementc1400
complexion1413
erect1417
framea1450
edifya1464
compose1481
construe1490
to lay together1530
perstruct1547
to piece together1572
condite1578
conflate1583
compile1590
to put together1591
to set together1603
draw1604
build1605
fabric1623
complicate1624
composit1640
constitute1646
compaginate1648
upa1658
complex1659
construct1663
structurate1664
structure1664
confect1677
to put up1699
rig1754
effect1791
structuralize1913
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. iii. sig. Dd7v A brasen wall in compas to compyle About Cairmardin.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 235 Cloth compiled of Asses and goates haire.
1682 G. Wheler Journey into Greece i. 79 Of such are compiled the present Buildings of the Town.
b. Predicated of the materials. Obsolete. Cf. 2b.
ΚΠ
1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. I4 Aurora brought hir blush, the Moone hir white: Both so combinde..Compilde those pretie orbes [= her cheeks].
1595 E. Spenser Amoretti lxxx, in Amoretti & Epithalamion sig. Fv So long a race as I haue run Through Faery land, which those six books compile.
7. To compose. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > put in (proper) order [verb (transitive)] > reduce to order > give structure to or organize
edifya1340
beset1413
reduce?a1425
institutea1538
compile1596
to deraign battle1596
modelize1600
skillc1610
organize1632
formalize1646
model1652
modulize1656
structure1664
economize1691
regiment1698
structurize1912
pattern1967
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. ix. sig. I2 When the Prince had perfectly compylde These paires of friends in peace and setled rest. View more context for this quotation
8. Cricket slang. To make, ‘pile up’, or ‘score’ (a number, esp. a large number, of runs).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > bat [verb (transitive)] > score runs
fetch1735
run1752
to knock up1837
to knock off1851
to run out1856
to hit off1857
rattle1860
compile1884
to hit up1895
slog1897
1884 Times 5 Feb. 10/2 It was not until he had compiled 126 that he had the misfortune to play a ball on to his wicket.
1884 Daily News 16 Feb. 5/2 New South Wales ‘compiled’ (as the slang goes) 412.

Derivatives

comˈpiled adj. (esp. in sense 2c).
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > programming language > programme execution > [adjective] > compilation
compiled1886
compiling1952
society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > a compilation > [adjective] > compiled
variorum1883
compiled1886
1886 Athenæum 31 July 147/2 The value that would otherwise attach to the compiled information as to Canada.
1959 in W. W. Youden Computer Literature Bibliogr. 1946–63 (1965) 14 A Fortran-compiled list-processing language.
1968 L. Fox & D. F. Mayers Computing Methods for Scientists & Engineers ii. 26 Such operations may be available in basic machine language (though not in compiled languages).
1970 O. Dopping Computers & Data Processing xix. 325 The economically most important measure of a compiler's value..is usually the execution speed of the compiled programs.
1985 Personal Computer World Feb. 159/2 The compiled code can only be run from the command menu.

Draft additions March 2012

compile time n. Computing the time at or during which a program is compiled (often contrasted with run time); (also) the length of time taken to compile a program; cf. sense 2c.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > programming language > programme execution > [noun] > compilation
compiling1952
compile time1959
compilation1960
1959 Jrnl. ACM 6 125 It is possible to leave many program parameters undefined until execution time, which by former methods had to be defined at compile time.
1981 InfoWorld 27 Apr. 18/2 Minimize both compile time and the disk space needed for object program storage.
2007 M. Barr & A. J. Massa Programming Embedded Syst. (ed. 2) xiv. 260 Because this determination is made at compile time, there is no penalty paid at runtime.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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