concentreconcenterv.

Brit.

/kənˈsɛntə/,

/ˌkɒnˈsɛntə/, U.S.

/kənˈsɛn(t)ər/

Forms: 1500s– concenter (now chiefly U.S.), 1500s– concentre, 1600s concenterre.

Origin: Probably a borrowing from Latin; partly modelled on an Italian lexical item. Etymon: Latin concentrare.

Etymology: Probably < post-classical Latin concentrare concentrate v. In senses 1 and 2a after Italian concentrare to cause (a person's thoughts) to be focused on a single object or goal (16th cent. used reflexively, a1686 used transitively), to bring (two or more things) towards a common centre (1594 in the passage translated in quot. 1600 at sense 2a, or earlier), to cause (something) to be concentrated (1598 in Florio: compare quot. 1598 at sense 1). Compare French concentrer (1611 in Cotgrave), Spanish concentrar (1575), and also German konzentrieren (1686 as †concentriren ), all earliest in sense ‘to bring (two or more things) towards a common centre’. Compare later concentrate v., and also centre v.

1. transitive. To cause to be concentrated (in a person, thing, or place), esp. with a resultant increase in intensity or power.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > reduce in size or extent [verb (transitive)] > concentrate or condense

condense1477

concentre1598

sum1609

compact1633

epitomizea1634

concentrate1665

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] > (as) to a centre

concentre1598

concentrate1628

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Concentrare, to..incorporate, or concentre hard together.

1633 Great Batt. Lutzen 37 His death did but concenterre and redouble their vigour.

1648 T. Hill Strength of Saints 4 All this strength is concenterd in Jesus Christ.

1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 36 The Spirit of Life that is concenter'd in the Seed.

1757 M. Postlethwayt Great Britain's True Syst. vi. 139 The Inhabitants will be drawn from all Parts of the Kingdom towards that Spot, in which the Wealth of the State is concentered.

1819 National Reg. (Washington, D.C.) 29 May 347/1 Let us clear off the triumvirate executive power, and concenter it in one President.

1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes iii. 149 His greatness has..concentered itself into fiery emphasis and depth.

1866 J. F. W. Herschel Familiar Lect. Sci. Subj. v. §34. 209 It would require four hundred such suns concentred into one to send us the light which that superb star actually does.

1933 Daily Mail 17 May 2/3 To concentre production in the more efficient units.

1998 J. Seelye Memory's Nation xvi. 393 His personal investment served to give added force to historical fact by concentering the Pilgrims' resolve in one man.

a. transitive. To bring (two or more things) to or towards a common centre; to cause to converge on a central object. Frequently followed by prepositional phrase. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > central condition or position > mark or be the centre of [verb (transitive)] > centre in something

concentre1600

centre1603

incentre1611

revolve1815

sphere1852

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or fact of uniting or being united > unite [verb (transitive)] > in a common centre

concentre1600

1600 tr. T. Garzoni Hosp. Incurable Fooles 142 She so bendeth her lookes to the grounde, as it might seeme that her eies were concentred and fast linked to the earth [It. che le sue luci siano con l'istessa terra concentrate].

1619 J. Bainbridge Astron. Descr. Late Comet 11 The Sun beames may by reflexion or refraction bee so concentred & vnited, that..they shall easily set any combustible matter on fire.

1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (iii. 10) 1303 All dignities, all titles shall bee concentred in him [sc. Christ].

1764 S. Foote Patron ii. 28 In you, Madam, are concentered all the beauties of the Heathen mythology.

1862 E. Bulwer-Lytton Strange Story I. xv. 103 When ideas of perfection and purity..start forth and concentre themselves round one virgin shape.

1964 E. J. H. Corner Life of Plants i. 6 Patterns of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms concentred on one of magnesium.

b. transitive. To cause (a person's thoughts, feelings, faculties, etc.) to be gathered and directed towards a single goal or object. Frequently with on, upon. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > attention > earnest attention, concentration > fix the attention, concentrate [verb (transitive)] > in one direction

concentre1643

think1821

concentrate1860

to zero in1955

1643 E. Bowles Plaine Eng. 28 The benefit of such an Association would be doubtlesse great; It would concenter and determine the loose and languishing affections of men.

1647 J. Trapp Comm. Evangelists & Acts Matt. vi. 193 Call in, and concenter thy thoughts, as men doe the Sun-beams into a burning glasse.

1772 E. Burke Let. in Corr. (1960) II. 374 Whenever we concenter the mind on one sole object.

1792 H. H. Brackenridge Mod. Chivalry I. vii. i. 140 They cut men from the common mass, and alienate their affections from the whole, concentring their attachments to a particular point and interest.

1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel vi. i. 162 The wretch, concentred all in self.

1817 S. T. Coleridge Biographia Literaria I. x. 220 The neglect of concentering my powers.

1852 W. J. Conybeare & J. S. Howson Life & Epist. St. Paul I. x. 409 How the attention of the whole audience is concentered at the last upon Jesus Christ.

1915 J. E. Richardson Spirit of Work I. viii. 247 It has concentered its efforts..upon an ‘Appeal to the Progressive Intelligence of the Age’.

1949 J. M. Murry Katherine Mansfield & Other Literary Portraits 68 No man loves a woman for herself; he is merely under the necessity of associating his ‘obscure feelings’ with, and concentering them upon a real form.

c. transitive. To form a centre or focus for; to gather around oneself; to attract. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > central condition or position > mark or be the centre of [verb (transitive)] > form centre for

concentre1796

1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc iv. 439 His eager eye Concentring all the anguish of the soul.

1796 W. Wordsworth Borderers ii, in Wks. (1889) 48/1 My breast..Concentres all the terrors of the Universe.

1825 New Monthly Mag. 14 333 Lord of a thousand victories, he Concentred his empire's majesty.

2002 G. Wills Why I am a Catholic (2003) xxii. 289 The church is centralist where heresy is fissiparous; but what it concenters is so huge and varied that many forms of life struggle back from the periphery toward the center.

a. intransitive. To converge on or towards a common centre; to be focused in or on a single point. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > move towards [verb (intransitive)] > towards a centre

concentre1613

concentrate1640

ray1876

the mind > attention and judgement > attention > earnest attention, concentration > be absorbed in [verb (intransitive)] > be intent > on a focal point

stick1534

concentre1613

centre1642

focus1858

concentrate1899

home1955

the world > space > relative position > inclination > state or quality of being convergent > converge [verb (intransitive)]

close1551

concur1570

collineatea1631

concentrate1640

converge1691

corradiate1800

approximate1835

concentre1853

navel1855

radiate1866

1613 H. Peacham Period of Mourning sig. D2 See how our loues doe runne by line, And dead, concenter in thy Shrine.

1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 47 That..his inmost thoughts (like lines in a Circle) shall alwayes concenter in this immoveable point.

1659 R. Boyle Some Motives & Incentives to Love of God x. 58 He is that glorious Sun From whom (as beams) all created-perfections flow, and In whom they all concenter.

1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 19. ⁋9 There was no way of life in which all his views could so completely concenter as in that of a soldier.

1796 W. Marshall Rural Econ. W. Eng. I. 185 Plymouth, and its environs, form the metropolis of the District, in which its various products may be said to concenter.

1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. xlix. 465 The sea..is studded with bergs, apparently concentering about our anchorage.

1876 G. Bancroft Hist. U.S. (rev. ed.) V. ii. 347 This jealousy of control from without concentred in the subject of taxation.

1960 Financial Times 9 July 6/2 Demand has so far concentred on the medium-dated securities.

†b. intransitive. Of circles: to become concentric. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > central condition or position > find or have a centre [verb (intransitive)] > have the same centre

concentre1660

1660 J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) III. 129 [They] might be made to have their circles as orderly as those which we find in Brasile, Ebene, &c., which, within a very little, concentre by reason of the uniform course of the Sun about them.

†4. intransitive. To agree, coincide; to be in harmony or accord. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > agree/be in harmony/be congruous [verb (intransitive)] > come into agreement

to come togetherOE

atonea1616

concentre1615

mesh1944

1615 J. Hoskins 2 Serm. preached at Oxf. 12 in Serm. Wisedome which spake in the Prophets..at sundrie times, and in diuers maners, may seeme to concenter in Christ.

1647 N. Ward Simple Cobler Aggawam 37 If the Assembly of all Divines, do not consent, and concenter the sooner.

1702 J. Howe Living Temple (new ed.) II. xi. 417 That the Glorious Subsistents in the Eternal Godhead, should so concenter in kind Design..towards a despicable impure Worm!

1755 T. Amory Mem. Ladies 352 By associating and concentring with the divinity.

5. transitive. Chemistry. = concentrate v. 3a. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > solutions > solutions (concentration) [verb (transitive)]

concentre1655

concentrate1686

1655 N. Culpeper et al. tr. L. Rivière Pract. Physick xvii. i. 634 These narcoticks are seldom to be given and in smal Quantity, because they Concentre the poyson [L. quia venenum concentrant].

1673 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 8 6024 Thereby more and more to concenter the acid parts.

1757 J. Rutty Methodical Synopsis Min. Waters ii. vii. 97 The [Holt] water is limpid and well tasted until its impregnating salts be concentred by evaporation.

1823 J. Badcock Domest. Amusem. 19 The acid property required to be drawn and concentered for use.

1911 Bull. Bureau Agric. Intelligence & Plant-dis. May 1127/2 The deposit becomes more visible if the wine be concentred by evaporation.

†6. intransitive. In the writings of Nehemiah Grew: (of substances) to combine closely such that their atoms interpenetrate (cf. concentration n. 3). Also transitive (in passive). Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1673 N. Grew Idea Phytol. Hist. iii. 110 Whereupon, the Alkali oleosum of the one, and the Acidum spirituosum of the other meeting together, these with the other Principles all concentre, and of divers fluids, become one fixed body.

1682 N. Grew Exper. Luctation ii. ii. §2 in Anat. Plants 242 Stones, and Metals; into which the said Bolus's are transmuted, by being concentred with divers kinds of Salts and Sulphurs, which successively flow in upon them.

Derivatives

conˈcentering n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > inclination > state or quality of being convergent > [noun] > action or fact of converging

congress1578

contracting1585

congression1611

concentration1612

concentering1641

convergence1713

convergency1794

convergement1839

focusing1844

1641 Ld. J. Digby Speech in Comm. 19 Jan. 14 A King..by a Concentring of all the Royall lynes in his Person.

?a1676 T. Bell Nehemiah Tirshatha (1692) 16 What exchange of hearts are there? What concentering of Affections?

1798 Repertory Arts & Manuf. 9 18 A rope-shaft, in which they [sc. the shafts] are all concentred, and receive the twist which forms them into a rope: but I also occasionally omit the concentring of them.

1854 J. R. Pickmere Being, Analytically Described iv. 192 The intellectual perception of all the simple feelings appears, from the concentring of the nervous system, to be in the brain.

1994 E. Schor Bearing Dead v. 166 Contemplation, then, is to be..ruralized within the ‘calm centre’ of this landscape. This concentering, however, describes both the Solitary's topography and his contemplative attitude.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	concentre
释义	concentreconcenterv. Brit. /kənˈsɛntə/, /ˌkɒnˈsɛntə/, U.S. /kənˈsɛn(t)ər/ Forms: 1500s– concenter (now chiefly U.S.), 1500s– concentre, 1600s concenterre. Origin: Probably a borrowing from Latin; partly modelled on an Italian lexical item. Etymon: Latin concentrare. Etymology: Probably < post-classical Latin concentrare concentrate v. In senses 1 and 2a after Italian concentrare to cause (a person's thoughts) to be focused on a single object or goal (16th cent. used reflexively, a1686 used transitively), to bring (two or more things) towards a common centre (1594 in the passage translated in quot. 1600 at sense 2a, or earlier), to cause (something) to be concentrated (1598 in Florio: compare quot. 1598 at sense 1). Compare French concentrer (1611 in Cotgrave), Spanish concentrar (1575), and also German konzentrieren (1686 as †concentriren ), all earliest in sense ‘to bring (two or more things) towards a common centre’. Compare later concentrate v., and also centre v. 1. transitive. To cause to be concentrated (in a person, thing, or place), esp. with a resultant increase in intensity or power. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > reduce in size or extent [verb (transitive)] > concentrate or condense condense1477 concentre1598 sum1609 compact1633 epitomizea1634 concentrate1665 the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] > (as) to a centre concentre1598 concentrate1628 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Concentrare, to..incorporate, or concentre hard together. 1633 Great Batt. Lutzen 37 His death did but concenterre and redouble their vigour. 1648 T. Hill Strength of Saints 4 All this strength is concenterd in Jesus Christ. 1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 36 The Spirit of Life that is concenter'd in the Seed. 1757 M. Postlethwayt Great Britain's True Syst. vi. 139 The Inhabitants will be drawn from all Parts of the Kingdom towards that Spot, in which the Wealth of the State is concentered. 1819 National Reg. (Washington, D.C.) 29 May 347/1 Let us clear off the triumvirate executive power, and concenter it in one President. 1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes iii. 149 His greatness has..concentered itself into fiery emphasis and depth. 1866 J. F. W. Herschel Familiar Lect. Sci. Subj. v. §34. 209 It would require four hundred such suns concentred into one to send us the light which that superb star actually does. 1933 Daily Mail 17 May 2/3 To concentre production in the more efficient units. 1998 J. Seelye Memory's Nation xvi. 393 His personal investment served to give added force to historical fact by concentering the Pilgrims' resolve in one man. 2. a. transitive. To bring (two or more things) to or towards a common centre; to cause to converge on a central object. Frequently followed by prepositional phrase. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > central condition or position > mark or be the centre of [verb (transitive)] > centre in something concentre1600 centre1603 incentre1611 revolve1815 sphere1852 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or fact of uniting or being united > unite [verb (transitive)] > in a common centre concentre1600 1600 tr. T. Garzoni Hosp. Incurable Fooles 142 She so bendeth her lookes to the grounde, as it might seeme that her eies were concentred and fast linked to the earth [It. che le sue luci siano con l'istessa terra concentrate]. 1619 J. Bainbridge Astron. Descr. Late Comet 11 The Sun beames may by reflexion or refraction bee so concentred & vnited, that..they shall easily set any combustible matter on fire. 1633 T. Adams Comm. 2 Peter (iii. 10) 1303 All dignities, all titles shall bee concentred in him [sc. Christ]. 1764 S. Foote Patron ii. 28 In you, Madam, are concentered all the beauties of the Heathen mythology. 1862 E. Bulwer-Lytton Strange Story I. xv. 103 When ideas of perfection and purity..start forth and concentre themselves round one virgin shape. 1964 E. J. H. Corner Life of Plants i. 6 Patterns of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms concentred on one of magnesium. b. transitive. To cause (a person's thoughts, feelings, faculties, etc.) to be gathered and directed towards a single goal or object. Frequently with on, upon. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > attention > earnest attention, concentration > fix the attention, concentrate [verb (transitive)] > in one direction concentre1643 think1821 concentrate1860 to zero in1955 1643 E. Bowles Plaine Eng. 28 The benefit of such an Association would be doubtlesse great; It would concenter and determine the loose and languishing affections of men. 1647 J. Trapp Comm. Evangelists & Acts Matt. vi. 193 Call in, and concenter thy thoughts, as men doe the Sun-beams into a burning glasse. 1772 E. Burke Let. in Corr. (1960) II. 374 Whenever we concenter the mind on one sole object. 1792 H. H. Brackenridge Mod. Chivalry I. vii. i. 140 They cut men from the common mass, and alienate their affections from the whole, concentring their attachments to a particular point and interest. 1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel vi. i. 162 The wretch, concentred all in self. 1817 S. T. Coleridge Biographia Literaria I. x. 220 The neglect of concentering my powers. 1852 W. J. Conybeare & J. S. Howson Life & Epist. St. Paul I. x. 409 How the attention of the whole audience is concentered at the last upon Jesus Christ. 1915 J. E. Richardson Spirit of Work I. viii. 247 It has concentered its efforts..upon an ‘Appeal to the Progressive Intelligence of the Age’. 1949 J. M. Murry Katherine Mansfield & Other Literary Portraits 68 No man loves a woman for herself; he is merely under the necessity of associating his ‘obscure feelings’ with, and concentering them upon a real form. c. transitive. To form a centre or focus for; to gather around oneself; to attract. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > central condition or position > mark or be the centre of [verb (transitive)] > form centre for concentre1796 1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc iv. 439 His eager eye Concentring all the anguish of the soul. 1796 W. Wordsworth Borderers ii, in Wks. (1889) 48/1 My breast..Concentres all the terrors of the Universe. 1825 New Monthly Mag. 14 333 Lord of a thousand victories, he Concentred his empire's majesty. 2002 G. Wills Why I am a Catholic (2003) xxii. 289 The church is centralist where heresy is fissiparous; but what it concenters is so huge and varied that many forms of life struggle back from the periphery toward the center. 3. a. intransitive. To converge on or towards a common centre; to be focused in or on a single point. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > move towards [verb (intransitive)] > towards a centre concentre1613 concentrate1640 ray1876 the mind > attention and judgement > attention > earnest attention, concentration > be absorbed in [verb (intransitive)] > be intent > on a focal point stick1534 concentre1613 centre1642 focus1858 concentrate1899 home1955 the world > space > relative position > inclination > state or quality of being convergent > converge [verb (intransitive)] close1551 concur1570 collineatea1631 concentrate1640 converge1691 corradiate1800 approximate1835 concentre1853 navel1855 radiate1866 1613 H. Peacham Period of Mourning sig. D2 See how our loues doe runne by line, And dead, concenter in thy Shrine. 1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 47 That..his inmost thoughts (like lines in a Circle) shall alwayes concenter in this immoveable point. 1659 R. Boyle Some Motives & Incentives to Love of God x. 58 He is that glorious Sun From whom (as beams) all created-perfections flow, and In whom they all concenter. 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 19. ⁋9 There was no way of life in which all his views could so completely concenter as in that of a soldier. 1796 W. Marshall Rural Econ. W. Eng. I. 185 Plymouth, and its environs, form the metropolis of the District, in which its various products may be said to concenter. 1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. xlix. 465 The sea..is studded with bergs, apparently concentering about our anchorage. 1876 G. Bancroft Hist. U.S. (rev. ed.) V. ii. 347 This jealousy of control from without concentred in the subject of taxation. 1960 Financial Times 9 July 6/2 Demand has so far concentred on the medium-dated securities. †b. intransitive. Of circles: to become concentric. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > central condition or position > find or have a centre [verb (intransitive)] > have the same centre concentre1660 1660 J. Evelyn Mem. (1857) III. 129 [They] might be made to have their circles as orderly as those which we find in Brasile, Ebene, &c., which, within a very little, concentre by reason of the uniform course of the Sun about them. †4. intransitive. To agree, coincide; to be in harmony or accord. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > agree/be in harmony/be congruous [verb (intransitive)] > come into agreement to come togetherOE atonea1616 concentre1615 hit1758 mesh1944 1615 J. Hoskins 2 Serm. preached at Oxf. 12 in Serm. Wisedome which spake in the Prophets..at sundrie times, and in diuers maners, may seeme to concenter in Christ. 1647 N. Ward Simple Cobler Aggawam 37 If the Assembly of all Divines, do not consent, and concenter the sooner. 1702 J. Howe Living Temple (new ed.) II. xi. 417 That the Glorious Subsistents in the Eternal Godhead, should so concenter in kind Design..towards a despicable impure Worm! 1755 T. Amory Mem. Ladies 352 By associating and concentring with the divinity. 5. transitive. Chemistry. = concentrate v. 3a. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > solutions > solutions (concentration) [verb (transitive)] concentre1655 concentrate1686 1655 N. Culpeper et al. tr. L. Rivière Pract. Physick xvii. i. 634 These narcoticks are seldom to be given and in smal Quantity, because they Concentre the poyson [L. quia venenum concentrant]. 1673 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 8 6024 Thereby more and more to concenter the acid parts. 1757 J. Rutty Methodical Synopsis Min. Waters ii. vii. 97 The [Holt] water is limpid and well tasted until its impregnating salts be concentred by evaporation. 1823 J. Badcock Domest. Amusem. 19 The acid property required to be drawn and concentered for use. 1911 Bull. Bureau Agric. Intelligence & Plant-dis. May 1127/2 The deposit becomes more visible if the wine be concentred by evaporation. †6. intransitive. In the writings of Nehemiah Grew: (of substances) to combine closely such that their atoms interpenetrate (cf. concentration n. 3). Also transitive (in passive). Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1673 N. Grew Idea Phytol. Hist. iii. 110 Whereupon, the Alkali oleosum of the one, and the Acidum spirituosum of the other meeting together, these with the other Principles all concentre, and of divers fluids, become one fixed body. 1682 N. Grew Exper. Luctation ii. ii. §2 in Anat. Plants 242 Stones, and Metals; into which the said Bolus's are transmuted, by being concentred with divers kinds of Salts and Sulphurs, which successively flow in upon them. Derivatives conˈcentering n. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > inclination > state or quality of being convergent > [noun] > action or fact of converging congress1578 contracting1585 congression1611 concentration1612 concentering1641 convergence1713 convergency1794 convergement1839 focusing1844 1641 Ld. J. Digby Speech in Comm. 19 Jan. 14 A King..by a Concentring of all the Royall lynes in his Person. ?a1676 T. Bell Nehemiah Tirshatha (1692) 16 What exchange of hearts are there? What concentering of Affections? 1798 Repertory Arts & Manuf. 9 18 A rope-shaft, in which they [sc. the shafts] are all concentred, and receive the twist which forms them into a rope: but I also occasionally omit the concentring of them. 1854 J. R. Pickmere Being, Analytically Described iv. 192 The intellectual perception of all the simple feelings appears, from the concentring of the nervous system, to be in the brain. 1994 E. Schor Bearing Dead v. 166 Contemplation, then, is to be..ruralized within the ‘calm centre’ of this landscape. This concentering, however, describes both the Solitary's topography and his contemplative attitude. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < v.1598
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