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单词 confessional
释义

confessionaln.

/kənˈfɛʃənəl/
Etymology: In sense 2 < French confessional = Italian confessionale , medieval Latin confessiōnāle (neuter of confessiōnālis adjective), quoted by Du Cange in the sense ‘sacrum pænitentiæ tribunal’ in 1563. Sense 1 is apparently a distinct substantive use of the adjective.
1. A due for hearing or giving permission to hear confession. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > benefice > other financial matters > [noun] > church dues > for confession
confessional1570
1570 Cases Papal in J. Foxe Actes & Monuments (rev. ed.) I. sig. OOiiijv What should I speake here of my daylie reuenues, of my first fruites, annates, palles, indulgences, bulles, confessionalls,..& such like, which come to no small masse of money?
2.
a. A desk, stall, cabinet, or box, in which the priest sits to hear confessions in a Roman Catholic church.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > furniture > confessional > [noun]
shriving pew1487
shrifta1616
confessionary1669
whispering-office1704
confessional1728
box1842
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) Confessional is also used in the Romish Church for a little Bench, or Desk in the Church, where the Confessor takes the Confessions of the Penitent.
1740 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses iv. iv, in Wks. (1811) IV. 118 I [Acosta] have seen an Indian bring to the confessional a confession of all his sins written..by picture and characters.
1858 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 6 Jan. in French & Ital. Notebks. (1980) i. 9 A confessional, a little oaken structure about as big as a century-box, with a closed part for the priest to sit in, and an open one for the penitent to kneel in.
b. Taken typically for the practice of confession, with its concomitants.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > [noun]
shriftc1175
wil-shrift?c1225
shrivinga1250
confession1377
fassionc1440
shriftnessc1460
manifestation1657
confessional1816
1816 Ld. Byron Siege of Corinth viii. 14 More constant at confessional, More rare at masque and festival.
1862 E. M. Goulburn Thoughts Personal Relig. (1873) i. 7 Before the Reformation, the Confessional existed as a living power in the Church.
1872 J. Morley Voltaire iii. 117 The clergy had the pulpit and the confessional, and their enemies had the press.
c. attributive, as confessional-box, confessional-chair.
ΚΠ
1792 Archaeologia 261 Confessional chairs..probably always were of wood.
1858 A. H. Clough Amours de Voyage in Atlantic Monthly Feb. 422 Pseudo-learning and lies, confessional-boxes and postures.
3. = confession n. 8, confessionary n. 2. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > division of building (general) > crypt > [noun] > under high altar, containing relics
confession1670
confessional1705
confessionary1728
1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 33 In one of the Churches I saw a Pulpit and Confessional, very finely In-laid with Lapis-Lazuli.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Confessional, or Confessionary, in Church-History, a Place in Churches, usually under the main Altar, wherein were deposited the Bodies of deceas'd Saints, Martyrs, and Confessors.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2020).

confessionaladj.

/kənˈfɛʃənəl/
Etymology: < confession n. + -al suffix1: corresponding to medieval Latin confessiōnālis and modern French confessionel.
1. Of the nature of or pertaining to confession.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > acknowledgement, avowal, or confession > [adjective] > relating to confession
confessory1651
confessional1817
society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > [adjective]
confessionary1607
confessional1817
society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > [adjective] > self-revealing > confession
confessional1817
confessive1821
1817 N. Drake Shakspeare II. 72 If we dismiss these confessional sonnets.
1823 J. Galt Entail II. xxiv. 231 In the confessional moments of contrition.
1827 G. S. Faber Origin Expiat. Sacrifice 216 Not an expiatory sin-offering, but an offering merely confessional of sin.
2.
a. Of or pertaining to Confessions of Faith, or systems of formulated Theology.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > aspects of faith > creed > [adjective]
credal1740
symbolical1745
symbolic1867
confessional1884
1884 P. Schaff et al. Relig. Encycl. III. 1972 Confessional differences concern the condition of the dead during the period between death and the resurrection.
1889 A. B. Bruce Speech at Mansfield Coll. Oxf. 16 Oct. In theology our position might be described as Biblical, as distinct from confessional. We want to know what the Bible really teaches.
b. Denominational; holding or according with a certain system of dogmas or beliefs.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > aspects of faith > sectarianism > [adjective]
sectary1590
separatistical1610
separistical1633
separistic1655
separate1680
separating1734
sectarian1796
sectarial1816
separatist1830
separatistic1830
denominational1838
separatical1846
societyisha1873
confessional1907
1907 Daily Chron. 10 Jan. 6/4 The erection and endowment by the State of confessional schools.
1920 Q. Rev. July 172 It is treated strictly as a working hypothesis of science and not as a dogma of ‘confessional’ validity.
1950 Internat. Affairs 26 40 The Catholics..supported confessional schools of the individual Churches.
1957 Economist 30 Nov. 768/2 In spite of the early links of the Labour party with Methodism and of ‘Tory Democracy’ with Anglican social reform, British political parties are not confessional.
c. Confessional Church n. see quot. 1957.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > sect > Christianity > Protestantism > Lutheranism > Lutheran groups and sects > [noun] > confessional
Confessional Church1938
1938 A. S. Duncan-Jones Relig. Freedom in Germany iv. 82 The Confessional Church foreshadowed at Ulm came into definite existence at Barmen.
1939 N. Micklem Nat. Socialism & Christianity 22 The right wing [of German Protestantism] are those who stand in unswerving loyalty to the old Confessions of the Church, and who have been profoundly influenced by the teaching of Dr. Karl Barth. They are sometimes called ‘the Confessional Church’.
1957 F. L. Cross Oxf. Dict. Christian Church 325/2Confessional Church’ (Bekenntnis-Kirche). The group of German Evangelical Christians which most actively opposed the ‘German-Christian’ Church Movement sponsored by the Nazis between 1933 and 1945 and which claimed..to stand fast by the Augsburg and other Reformation Confessions.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.1570adj.1817
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