confreren.

Brit.

/ˈkɒnfrɛː/,

/kɒnˈfrɛː/,

/kənˈfrɛː/, U.S.

/ˈkɑnˌfrɛ(ə)r/

Forms: Also 1500s confreer, 1600s confrier.

Etymology: Middle English confrere (compare frere, Friar), < French confrere (13th cent. in Littré) = Provençal confraire, Catalan confrare, Spanish co(n)frade, Italian confrate, medieval Latin confrāter, < con- together with + frāter brother. As a naturalized English word (of which the pronunciation would now be /kɒnˈfrɪə(r)/ or /-ˈfraɪə(r)/) it appears to have become obsolete in 17th cent.; but it has been taken back into frequent use as a borrowing from modern French, and is usually written confrère.

†1. A fellow-member of a fraternity, religious order, college, guild, etc., a colleague in office.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a companion or associate > [noun] > colleague or fellow-worker

fellowOE

consort1419

confrerec1425

companionc1523

labour-fellow1526

yokefellow1526

colleaguea1533

associate1533

adjunct1554

yokemate1567

colleagen1579

co-agenta1600

co-operatora1600

collateralc1600

co-workman1619

co-workera1643

partner1660

co-operatrix1674

co-agitator1683

co-adjoint1689

adjoint1738

side-partner1845

co-operatress1865

maugh1868

with-worker1884

c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. xvi. 227 That come in Scotland wyth confrere, The kyng of Inglandis tresorere.

a1466 in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 317 Yowr confrerys of this holy Ordre.

1540 Act 32 Hen. VIII c. 24 Any of his bretherne or confreres of the hospitall..of saint John of Jerusalem.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. iii. xxxii. 109 C. Horatius Pulvillus..in whose roome the Augurs (his confreers) chose C. Veturus.

1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 113 None of the Brethren or Confriers of the said Religion..should be called Knights of the Rhodes.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 53/2 A..Companion, or Co-Brother, and confrere Knight.

2. A fellow-member of a learned profession, scientific body, or the like. [ < modern French.]

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > [noun] > member > other types of member

fellowc1405

entrant1560

redemptionary1583

honorary1675

confrere1753

constituent1755

corresponding member1772

new (also fresh) blood1782

life member1813

young blood1830

old guard1841

cardholder1869

hardcore1922

fully paid-up member1960

teleocrat1971

1753 N. Torriano tr. J. B. L. Chomel Hist. Diss. Gangrenous Sore Throat 111 The Dissertation of M. Chomel, our Confrere or Brother, upon the gangrenous sore Throats.

1766 Bevis in Philos. Trans. 1765 (Royal Soc.) 55 130 Father Boschowick..sent me a very high character of his confrere's..assiduity, and abilities for astronomical observations.

1876 J. G. Holland Story of Sevenoaks (new ed.) xxiv. 332 Mr. Belcher..turned the cold shoulder to his confreres.

1881 Dr. Gheist 184 Without handicapping our confrères in this way.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	confrere
释义	confreren. Brit. /ˈkɒnfrɛː/, /kɒnˈfrɛː/, /kənˈfrɛː/, U.S. /ˈkɑnˌfrɛ(ə)r/ Forms: Also 1500s confreer, 1600s confrier. Etymology: Middle English confrere (compare frere, Friar), < French confrere (13th cent. in Littré) = Provençal confraire, Catalan confrare, Spanish co(n)frade, Italian confrate, medieval Latin confrāter, < con- together with + frāter brother. As a naturalized English word (of which the pronunciation would now be /kɒnˈfrɪə(r)/ or /-ˈfraɪə(r)/) it appears to have become obsolete in 17th cent.; but it has been taken back into frequent use as a borrowing from modern French, and is usually written confrère. †1. A fellow-member of a fraternity, religious order, college, guild, etc., a colleague in office. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a companion or associate > [noun] > colleague or fellow-worker fellowOE consort1419 confrerec1425 companionc1523 labour-fellow1526 yokefellow1526 colleaguea1533 associate1533 adjunct1554 yokemate1567 colleagen1579 co-agenta1600 co-operatora1600 collateralc1600 co-workman1619 co-workera1643 partner1660 co-operatrix1674 co-agitator1683 co-adjoint1689 adjoint1738 side-partner1845 co-operatress1865 maugh1868 with-worker1884 c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. xvi. 227 That come in Scotland wyth confrere, The kyng of Inglandis tresorere. a1466 in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 317 Yowr confrerys of this holy Ordre. 1540 Act 32 Hen. VIII c. 24 Any of his bretherne or confreres of the hospitall..of saint John of Jerusalem. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. iii. xxxii. 109 C. Horatius Pulvillus..in whose roome the Augurs (his confreers) chose C. Veturus. 1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 113 None of the Brethren or Confriers of the said Religion..should be called Knights of the Rhodes. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 53/2 A..Companion, or Co-Brother, and confrere Knight. 2. A fellow-member of a learned profession, scientific body, or the like. [ < modern French.] ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > [noun] > member > other types of member fellowc1405 entrant1560 redemptionary1583 honorary1675 confrere1753 constituent1755 corresponding member1772 new (also fresh) blood1782 life member1813 young blood1830 old guard1841 cardholder1869 hardcore1922 fully paid-up member1960 teleocrat1971 1753 N. Torriano tr. J. B. L. Chomel Hist. Diss. Gangrenous Sore Throat 111 The Dissertation of M. Chomel, our Confrere or Brother, upon the gangrenous sore Throats. 1766 Bevis in Philos. Trans. 1765 (Royal Soc.) 55 130 Father Boschowick..sent me a very high character of his confrere's..assiduity, and abilities for astronomical observations. 1876 J. G. Holland Story of Sevenoaks (new ed.) xxiv. 332 Mr. Belcher..turned the cold shoulder to his confreres. 1881 Dr. Gheist 184 Without handicapping our confrères in this way. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1425
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