-ositysuffix

Primary stress is attracted to the first syllable of this suffix and vowels may be reduced accordingly; see e.g. religiosity n.

Forms: Middle English -osytee, Middle English–1500s -osite, Middle English–1500s -ositee, Middle English–1500s -osyte, 1500s -ositye, 1500s -osytye, 1500s–1600s -ositie, 1500s– -osity; Scottish pre-1700 -osite, pre-1700 -ositie, pre-1700 -ositye, pre-1700 1700s– -osity.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin -ōsitāt-, -ōsitās.

Etymology: < classical Latin -ōsitāt-, -ōsitās (in e.g. animōsitās ) < -ōsus -ose suffix¹ (compare -ous suffix) + -tās (see -ty suffix¹; compare -ity suffix). Compare French -osité.The direct reflex of Latin -ōsitāt- in Old French was -ouseté , which is found in Middle English as -ouste , forming nouns from adjectives in -ous suffix (compare enviousty n., grievousty n., outrageousty n., venomousty n.). Loanwords of this period having the latter termination and remaining in use were subsequently re-formed with -osity (e.g. contrariosity n., curiosity n.: compare also religiousty n., voluptuousty n. with religiosity n., voluptuosity n. (all first attested in late Middle English), and hidousty n. with the much later formation hideosity n.). Hence in such words -osity came to be the noun termination corresponding to an adjective in -ous . The termination is otherwise earliest recorded from late Middle English onwards in loans from classical and post-classical Latin (e.g. generosity n.), some of these being via French (e.g. animosity n.); such loans are quite frequent down to the 17th cent., and in many cases correspond to adjectives in -ous . In Old French there are formations on Latin adjectives in -ōsus where Latin lacks a derived noun in -ōsitās . Many of these are borrowed into early modern English (e.g. anfractuosity n.), and this style of formation is also adopted in English (e.g. gummosity n.). It is difficult in practice to separate the latter type from the many formations in which -osity has been substituted for the -ous of an English adjective, which has become the usual derivational pattern and remains productive (e.g. bulbosity n., numinosity n. (20th cent.)). The ending -osity also occurs in the relatively small group of nouns that are loanwords from Latin or French and correspond to adjectives in -ose suffix¹ (e.g. morosity n.), and has continued to be used to form nouns from them (e.g. bellicosity n., jocosity n.). A few infrequent nouns have been formed with the ending -osity directly from adjectives, e.g. funniosity n., primosity n.

Forming nouns corresponding to adjectives in -ose suffix¹, -ous suffix.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	-osity
释义	-ositysuffix Primary stress is attracted to the first syllable of this suffix and vowels may be reduced accordingly; see e.g. religiosity n. Forms: Middle English -osytee, Middle English–1500s -osite, Middle English–1500s -ositee, Middle English–1500s -osyte, 1500s -ositye, 1500s -osytye, 1500s–1600s -ositie, 1500s– -osity; Scottish pre-1700 -osite, pre-1700 -ositie, pre-1700 -ositye, pre-1700 1700s– -osity. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin -ōsitāt-, -ōsitās. Etymology: < classical Latin -ōsitāt-, -ōsitās (in e.g. animōsitās ) < -ōsus -ose suffix¹ (compare -ous suffix) + -tās (see -ty suffix¹; compare -ity suffix). Compare French -osité.The direct reflex of Latin -ōsitāt- in Old French was -ouseté , which is found in Middle English as -ouste , forming nouns from adjectives in -ous suffix (compare enviousty n., grievousty n., outrageousty n., venomousty n.). Loanwords of this period having the latter termination and remaining in use were subsequently re-formed with -osity (e.g. contrariosity n., curiosity n.: compare also religiousty n., voluptuousty n. with religiosity n., voluptuosity n. (all first attested in late Middle English), and hidousty n. with the much later formation hideosity n.). Hence in such words -osity came to be the noun termination corresponding to an adjective in -ous . The termination is otherwise earliest recorded from late Middle English onwards in loans from classical and post-classical Latin (e.g. generosity n.), some of these being via French (e.g. animosity n.); such loans are quite frequent down to the 17th cent., and in many cases correspond to adjectives in -ous . In Old French there are formations on Latin adjectives in -ōsus where Latin lacks a derived noun in -ōsitās . Many of these are borrowed into early modern English (e.g. anfractuosity n.), and this style of formation is also adopted in English (e.g. gummosity n.). It is difficult in practice to separate the latter type from the many formations in which -osity has been substituted for the -ous of an English adjective, which has become the usual derivational pattern and remains productive (e.g. bulbosity n., numinosity n. (20th cent.)). The ending -osity also occurs in the relatively small group of nouns that are loanwords from Latin or French and correspond to adjectives in -ose suffix¹ (e.g. morosity n.), and has continued to be used to form nouns from them (e.g. bellicosity n., jocosity n.). A few infrequent nouns have been formed with the ending -osity directly from adjectives, e.g. funniosity n., primosity n. Forming nouns corresponding to adjectives in -ose suffix¹, -ous suffix. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < suffix
随便看	-percenter -petal -petalous -pexy -phage -phagia -phagic -phagies -phagism -phagist -phagous -phagy -phane -phanous -phany -phasia -phasic -phenone -phile -philia -philiac -philic -philism -philist -philite