conventionaladj.n.

/kənˈvɛnʃənəl/

Etymology: < Latin conventiōnālis pertaining to a convention or agreement, < conventiōn- convention n. Compare French conventionnel (16th cent. in Littré).

A. adj.

1. Of, pertaining to, or of the nature of a convention or assembly.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [adjective]

synedrian1587

synedrial1684

conventional1812

1812 Ann. Reg. 1810 Pref. 3 The national, conventional, and legislative assemblies of France.

1850 H. S. Foote in H. von Holst J. C. Calhoun (1884) 324 Intimating..that this Conventional movement of ours was stimulated by South Carolina.

a. Relating to, or of the nature of, a convention, compact, or agreement; settled by a convention or compact between parties. In Law: Founded on actual contract (opposed to legal or judicial).

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal obligation > contract > [adjective]

conventional1583

contracting1649

synallagmatic1792

contractual1861

synallagmatical1871

1583 T. Stocker tr. Tragicall Hist. Ciuile Warres Lowe Countries ii. 5 a Rightes, Customes, Priuiledges..aswell Legale, Conuentionale, Customary, as Locale.

1592 W. West Symbolæogr.: 1st Pt. §19 C A pledge voluntarie or conuentionall, is a pledge diliuered by the couenant of both parties.

a1676 M. Hale Hist. Common Law (1739) 49 Conventional Services; as, Homage, Knights Service, Grand or petit Serjeanty.

1847 C. G. Addison Treat. Law Contracts (1883) ii. iii. §1 593 A conventional hypothecation is that which is founded purely upon contract.

1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon 138/2 Conventional Estates, those freeholds not of inheritance or estates for life, which are created by the express acts of the parties, in contradistinction to those which are legal and arise from the operation and construction of law.

1861 G. Ross W. Bell's Dict. Law Scotl. (rev. ed.) Conventional Obligations, are obligations resulting from the special agreement of parties..in contradistinction to natural or legal obligations.

b. = conventionary adj.

ΚΠ

1804 W. H. Marshall Landed Property Eng. 3 Conventional Rents are acknowledgments reserved, by a proprietor of lands which he has thus temporarily sold—that he may have the right of convening the tenants, annually or otherwise, to his court or audit; to acknowledge him as..the reversionary proprietor, etc.

c. Of the nature of an international convention.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > international politics or relations > international agreements > [adjective] > convention

conventional1883

1883 Pres. Arthur in Pall Mall Gaz. 4 Dec. 8/1 In the absence of conventional engagements, owing to the termination of the treaty of 1848.

1885 Manch. Examiner 21 Mar. 5/1 Delegates of the Powers to meet in Paris to draw up a conventional Act..guaranteeing the freedom of the Suez Canal.

d. Cards. Of, pertaining to, or characterized by a convention or conventions (see convention n. 10b).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > [adjective] > actions or tactics

conventional1864

1864 J. Clay Treat. Short Whist iii, in J. L. Baldwin Laws of Short Whist 97 This method of play being as old as whist itself, it was certain, sooner or later, to be reduced to the conventional sign,—good in the lowest cards as well as the highest—of which I now treat.

1864 ‘Cavendish’ Princ. Whist 51 The instructed player frequently selects one card in preference to another with the sole object of affording information. When the principle is carried thus far the play becomes purely conventional.

1884 ‘Cavendish’ Princ. Whist (ed. 14) 105 The system of returning the higher of two losing cards when they are both small cards, is purely conventional.

1927 M. C. Work Contract Bridge iii. 39 A..baldly arbitrary and conventional scheme for handling strong two-suiters.

1958 Everyman's Encycl. III. 750/1 Conventional bidding, i.e. bids to which particular meanings are attached, is now accepted as an integral part of Contract Bridge.

3. Relating to convention or general agreement; established by social convention; having its origin or sanction merely in an artificial convention of any kind; arbitrarily or artificially determined.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > customs, values, or beliefs of a society or group > [adjective] > conventional

conventional1761

straight1941

pin-striped1973

the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > [adjective] > conventional > conventional or arbitrary

conventional1761

1761 E. Gibbon Misc. Wks. (1814) III. 211 In matters merely conventional, examples are more powerful than principles.

1783 H. Blair Lect. Rhetoric vi. (Seager) The connexion between words and ideas may in general be considered as arbitrary and conventional.

1805 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. V. 269 Proceedings of this kind were carried on by a species of conventional fraud, between the religious house and the tenant of the land.

1871 W. Markby Elem. Law §120 There is known to some systems of law a sort of conventional death, or, as it is sometimes called, a civil death.

a. Characterized by convention; in accordance with accepted artificial standards of conduct or taste; not natural, original, or spontaneous.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > [adjective] > conventional

orthodox1755

conventional1833

mainstream1953

1833 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. vi, in Fraser's Mag. Dec. 671/2 A tone of levity, approaching to conventional satire.

1844 A. P. Stanley Life & Corr. T. Arnold I. ii. 52 Breaking through the conventional phraseology with which English preaching had been so long encumbered.

1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) III. 384 What they saw was a conventional imitation of philosophy.

b. Art. Consisting in, or resulting from, an artificial treatment of natural objects; following accepted models or traditions instead of directly imitating nature or working out original ideas.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > work of art > [adjective] > types of artistic treatment or style

antica1536

Moresque1611

barbaric1667

massive1723

popular1730

maniéré1743

regency1811

tedesco1814

massy1817

Barbaresque1831

sensualistic1838

broad1849

conventional1851

expressional1856

tight1891

stylized1898

distressed1940

pop1956

transgressive1969

1851 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice I. App. xxi. 399 Representation is said to be conventional, either when a confessedly inadequate imitation is accepted in default of a better, or when imitation is not attempted at all, and it is agreed that other modes of representation, those by figures or by symbols, shall be its substitute and equivalent.

1858 N. Hawthorne Fr. & Ital. Jrnls. II. 34 Some conventional costume, never actual but always graceful and noble.

a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. 25 In their works you find the finest specimens of conventional or imaginary foliage.

1888 The Lady 25 Oct. 374/2 Some palm-trees and star-fish kind of flowers, which, I was told, were conventional lilies—classical, too, I suppose—for they were not like anything growing now.

c. Of bombs, weapons, etc.: other than nuclear; of war: fought without nuclear weapons; of power stations, etc.: using other than nuclear energy. Also transferred.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > war > types of war > [adjective] > conventional

conventional1955

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > [adjective] > type of, generally

steel1340

invasible1489

saultable1570

expugnatory1601

long-handled1611

shaftless1811

incendiary1871

conventional1955

targetable1972

1952 N.Y. Herald Tribune 21 Nov. We must decide whether the new fire package [sc. the hydrogen bomb] will permit a reduction of our more conventional military weapons.]

1955 M. Beloff Foreign Policy & Democratic Process 102 The knowledge that all-out war would almost certainly mean the annihilation of organized society of the country initiating it..must enter into the calculations of modern statesmen as a deterrent to war in a way in which the limited horrors of ‘conventional war’ could not.

1955 Hansard DXXXVII. 1970 This unique difference..between the hydrogen and the atomic weapon on the one hand and conventional weapons on the other.

1958 Times Rev. Industry Feb. 15/1 The rate of building both nuclear and conventional stations may well increase.

1958 Jane's Fighting Ships 1958–59 p. iv/1 The various admiralties and navy departments..have been shaken out of the static orbit of conventional ships, conventional propulsion and conventional weapons.

Categories »

d. conventional projection: any form of map projection using arbitrary rules for convenience of drawing and the approximate representation of a number of properties.

B. n.

1. the conventional: That which is conventional.

ΚΠ

1800 W. Taylor in Monthly Mag. 10 8 Happy the youth, who..lets go only the conventional and the accidental [in religion], but binds closer about him the valuable and the essential!

1837 R. W. Emerson Oration before Phi Beta Kappa Soc. 8 Neither can any artist entirely exclude the conventional, the local, the perishable from his book.

2. = conventionalist n. 1a.

ΚΠ

1876 J. Morley Robespierre in Crit. Misc. (1877) 2nd Ser. 128 The Conventionals..were unconscious apparently that the great crisis of the drama was still to come.

Draft additions October 2009

conventional wisdom n. the body of traditional, orthodox, or widely held opinion; generally accepted theory or belief.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > understanding > wisdom, sagacity > worldly wisdom > [noun]

shrewdnessa1616

common sense1658

savoir vivre1745

savoir faire1788

savoir1823

conventional wisdom1838

sophistication1850

canniness1878

hep1914

hipness1937

move1966

1838 Inq. Moral & Relig. Char. Amer. Govt. 35 We appeal in such a case, neither to the records of legislation, nor yet to the conventional wisdom of our forefathers.

1850 Internat. Weekly Misc. 15 July 65/2 There is close at hand the birth of a new gospel, far above the common-places of this conventional wisdom.

1974 L. Bangs in G. Marcus Psychotic Reactions (1987) 142 Contrary to conventional wisdom it ain't all glitz and gravy.

2000 Nation 4 Dec. 4/3 I was the first to call attention to the traumatic impulse of the divorce experience, and what seemed to many to be an alarmist view then is now conventional wisdom.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online September 2020).

单词	conventional
释义	conventionaladj.n. /kənˈvɛnʃənəl/ Etymology: < Latin conventiōnālis pertaining to a convention or agreement, < conventiōn- convention n. Compare French conventionnel (16th cent. in Littré). A. adj. 1. Of, pertaining to, or of the nature of a convention or assembly. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [adjective] synedrian1587 synedrial1684 conventional1812 1812 Ann. Reg. 1810 Pref. 3 The national, conventional, and legislative assemblies of France. 1850 H. S. Foote in H. von Holst J. C. Calhoun (1884) 324 Intimating..that this Conventional movement of ours was stimulated by South Carolina. 2. a. Relating to, or of the nature of, a convention, compact, or agreement; settled by a convention or compact between parties. In Law: Founded on actual contract (opposed to legal or judicial). ΘΚΠ society > law > legal obligation > contract > [adjective] conventional1583 contracting1649 synallagmatic1792 contractual1861 synallagmatical1871 1583 T. Stocker tr. Tragicall Hist. Ciuile Warres Lowe Countries ii. 5 a Rightes, Customes, Priuiledges..aswell Legale, Conuentionale, Customary, as Locale. 1592 W. West Symbolæogr.: 1st Pt. §19 C A pledge voluntarie or conuentionall, is a pledge diliuered by the couenant of both parties. a1676 M. Hale Hist. Common Law (1739) 49 Conventional Services; as, Homage, Knights Service, Grand or petit Serjeanty. 1847 C. G. Addison Treat. Law Contracts (1883) ii. iii. §1 593 A conventional hypothecation is that which is founded purely upon contract. 1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon 138/2 Conventional Estates, those freeholds not of inheritance or estates for life, which are created by the express acts of the parties, in contradistinction to those which are legal and arise from the operation and construction of law. 1861 G. Ross W. Bell's Dict. Law Scotl. (rev. ed.) Conventional Obligations, are obligations resulting from the special agreement of parties..in contradistinction to natural or legal obligations. b. = conventionary adj. ΚΠ 1804 W. H. Marshall Landed Property Eng. 3 Conventional Rents are acknowledgments reserved, by a proprietor of lands which he has thus temporarily sold—that he may have the right of convening the tenants, annually or otherwise, to his court or audit; to acknowledge him as..the reversionary proprietor, etc. c. Of the nature of an international convention. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > international politics or relations > international agreements > [adjective] > convention conventional1883 1883 Pres. Arthur in Pall Mall Gaz. 4 Dec. 8/1 In the absence of conventional engagements, owing to the termination of the treaty of 1848. 1885 Manch. Examiner 21 Mar. 5/1 Delegates of the Powers to meet in Paris to draw up a conventional Act..guaranteeing the freedom of the Suez Canal. d. Cards. Of, pertaining to, or characterized by a convention or conventions (see convention n. 10b). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > [adjective] > actions or tactics conventional1864 1864 J. Clay Treat. Short Whist iii, in J. L. Baldwin Laws of Short Whist 97 This method of play being as old as whist itself, it was certain, sooner or later, to be reduced to the conventional sign,—good in the lowest cards as well as the highest—of which I now treat. 1864 ‘Cavendish’ Princ. Whist 51 The instructed player frequently selects one card in preference to another with the sole object of affording information. When the principle is carried thus far the play becomes purely conventional. 1884 ‘Cavendish’ Princ. Whist (ed. 14) 105 The system of returning the higher of two losing cards when they are both small cards, is purely conventional. 1927 M. C. Work Contract Bridge iii. 39 A..baldly arbitrary and conventional scheme for handling strong two-suiters. 1958 Everyman's Encycl. III. 750/1 Conventional bidding, i.e. bids to which particular meanings are attached, is now accepted as an integral part of Contract Bridge. 3. Relating to convention or general agreement; established by social convention; having its origin or sanction merely in an artificial convention of any kind; arbitrarily or artificially determined. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > customs, values, or beliefs of a society or group > [adjective] > conventional conventional1761 straight1941 pin-striped1973 the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > [adjective] > conventional > conventional or arbitrary conventional1761 1761 E. Gibbon Misc. Wks. (1814) III. 211 In matters merely conventional, examples are more powerful than principles. 1783 H. Blair Lect. Rhetoric vi. (Seager) The connexion between words and ideas may in general be considered as arbitrary and conventional. 1805 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. V. 269 Proceedings of this kind were carried on by a species of conventional fraud, between the religious house and the tenant of the land. 1871 W. Markby Elem. Law §120 There is known to some systems of law a sort of conventional death, or, as it is sometimes called, a civil death. 4. a. Characterized by convention; in accordance with accepted artificial standards of conduct or taste; not natural, original, or spontaneous. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > [adjective] > conventional orthodox1755 conventional1833 mainstream1953 1833 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. vi, in Fraser's Mag. Dec. 671/2 A tone of levity, approaching to conventional satire. 1844 A. P. Stanley Life & Corr. T. Arnold I. ii. 52 Breaking through the conventional phraseology with which English preaching had been so long encumbered. 1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) III. 384 What they saw was a conventional imitation of philosophy. b. Art. Consisting in, or resulting from, an artificial treatment of natural objects; following accepted models or traditions instead of directly imitating nature or working out original ideas. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > work of art > [adjective] > types of artistic treatment or style antica1536 Moresque1611 barbaric1667 massive1723 popular1730 maniéré1743 regency1811 tedesco1814 massy1817 Barbaresque1831 sensualistic1838 broad1849 conventional1851 expressional1856 tight1891 stylized1898 distressed1940 pop1956 transgressive1969 1851 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice I. App. xxi. 399 Representation is said to be conventional, either when a confessedly inadequate imitation is accepted in default of a better, or when imitation is not attempted at all, and it is agreed that other modes of representation, those by figures or by symbols, shall be its substitute and equivalent. 1858 N. Hawthorne Fr. & Ital. Jrnls. II. 34 Some conventional costume, never actual but always graceful and noble. a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. 25 In their works you find the finest specimens of conventional or imaginary foliage. 1888 The Lady 25 Oct. 374/2 Some palm-trees and star-fish kind of flowers, which, I was told, were conventional lilies—classical, too, I suppose—for they were not like anything growing now. c. Of bombs, weapons, etc.: other than nuclear; of war: fought without nuclear weapons; of power stations, etc.: using other than nuclear energy. Also transferred. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > war > types of war > [adjective] > conventional conventional1955 society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > [adjective] > type of, generally steel1340 invasible1489 saultable1570 expugnatory1601 long-handled1611 shaftless1811 incendiary1871 conventional1955 targetable1972 1952 N.Y. Herald Tribune 21 Nov. We must decide whether the new fire package [sc. the hydrogen bomb] will permit a reduction of our more conventional military weapons.] 1955 M. Beloff Foreign Policy & Democratic Process 102 The knowledge that all-out war would almost certainly mean the annihilation of organized society of the country initiating it..must enter into the calculations of modern statesmen as a deterrent to war in a way in which the limited horrors of ‘conventional war’ could not. 1955 Hansard DXXXVII. 1970 This unique difference..between the hydrogen and the atomic weapon on the one hand and conventional weapons on the other. 1958 Times Rev. Industry Feb. 15/1 The rate of building both nuclear and conventional stations may well increase. 1958 Jane's Fighting Ships 1958–59 p. iv/1 The various admiralties and navy departments..have been shaken out of the static orbit of conventional ships, conventional propulsion and conventional weapons. Categories » d. conventional projection: any form of map projection using arbitrary rules for convenience of drawing and the approximate representation of a number of properties. B. n. 1. the conventional: That which is conventional. ΚΠ 1800 W. Taylor in Monthly Mag. 10 8 Happy the youth, who..lets go only the conventional and the accidental [in religion], but binds closer about him the valuable and the essential! 1837 R. W. Emerson Oration before Phi Beta Kappa Soc. 8 Neither can any artist entirely exclude the conventional, the local, the perishable from his book. 2. = conventionalist n. 1a. ΚΠ 1876 J. Morley Robespierre in Crit. Misc. (1877) 2nd Ser. 128 The Conventionals..were unconscious apparently that the great crisis of the drama was still to come. Draft additions October 2009 conventional wisdom n. the body of traditional, orthodox, or widely held opinion; generally accepted theory or belief. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > understanding > wisdom, sagacity > worldly wisdom > [noun] shrewdnessa1616 common sense1658 savoir vivre1745 savoir faire1788 savoir1823 conventional wisdom1838 sophistication1850 canniness1878 hep1914 hipness1937 move1966 1838 Inq. Moral & Relig. Char. Amer. Govt. 35 We appeal in such a case, neither to the records of legislation, nor yet to the conventional wisdom of our forefathers. 1850 Internat. Weekly Misc. 15 July 65/2 There is close at hand the birth of a new gospel, far above the common-places of this conventional wisdom. 1974 L. Bangs in G. Marcus Psychotic Reactions (1987) 142 Contrary to conventional wisdom it ain't all glitz and gravy. 2000 Nation 4 Dec. 4/3 I was the first to call attention to the traumatic impulse of the divorce experience, and what seemed to many to be an alarmist view then is now conventional wisdom. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online September 2020). < adj.n.1583
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