albumenn.

Brit.

/ˈalbjᵿmᵻn/, U.S.

/ælˈbjumən/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin albumin-, albumen.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin albumin-, albumen white of an egg (5th cent.; earlier (4th cent.) denoting a disease of the eye) < classical Latin albus white (see album n.²) + -men (see -ment suffix), after classical Latin ferrūmen cement (see ferruminate v.). Compare albumin n. N.E.D. (1884) gives the pronunciation as (æ̆lbiū·mėn) /ælˈbjuːmɪn/. Pronunciation with stress on the first syllable is recorded only as an alternative by D. Jones Eng. Pronouncing Dict. (1917) (and in subsequent editions until ed. 14 (1977); it is recorded as the sole pronunciation by British dictionaries from the mid 20th cent. onwards.

1. The white of an egg; egg white. Cf. sense 4.Formerly (now historical) often with reference to a photographic process: cf. Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [noun] > ovum or ootid > white or albumen

whiteeOE

albuginousness1599

albumen1599

ovalbumin1835

albumin1850

egg albumin1871

ovoalbumin1873

egg white1898

1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 52/1 Take..the Albumen [Ger. das weiß] of 4 Egges.

1698 W. Cowper Anat. Humane Bodies sig. c1/2 The Vitellus and Albumen prepare and supply its Nourishment; both bearing an exact Analogy to the Lobes and Plantula Seminalis in Vegetable Seeds.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) There is most albumen in the obtuse end of an egg.

1869 T. H. Huxley in Fortn. Rev. Feb. 135 The white or albumen of an egg.

1891 T. F. Hardwich & J. T. Taylor Man. Photogr. Chem. (ed. 9) xvii. 274 The paper has been badly albumenized, the albumen having been allowed to drain off in streaks.

1940 G. S. Carter Gen. Zool. Invertebr. ii. 9 A familiar example of coagulation is the solidification of the albumen of a bird's egg when it is boiled.

1981 Cook's Mag. Sept.–Oct. 76/3 (advt.) This simple technique..will prevent the annoyance of cracked shells and oozing albumen.

2003 Cage & Aviary Birds 6 Dec. 18/1 Even empty eggs contain yolks and albumen—what is meant is that they are not fertile.

2. Botany. The endosperm of a seed, esp. when occurring as a persistent storage tissue in the mature seed. Cf. albuminous adj. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > seed > [noun] > parts of > albumen

albumen1682

yolk1795

perisperm1800

vitellus1807

vitellin1882

phytalbumose1885

phytalbumin1899

1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants iv. iv. iii. 202 The Albumen or clear Liquor out of which they are bred.

1796 T. Martyn Lang. Bot. (ed. 2) sig. C8 Albumen, used by Grew and Gærtner, for the substance of the lobes of the seed; which corresponds with the white in an egg.

1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. Introd. 32 The substance which surrounds the embryo is called the Albumen.

1868 Amer. Jrnl. Hort. 4 155 The ‘chit’ of a grain of maize is the embryo: all else within the grain is the albumen.

1913 J. F. Rock Indigenous Trees Hawaiian Islands 245 Embryo filling the whole cavity of the seed,..albumen scanty.

1946 Amer. Midland Naturalist 36 517 The designation albumen has fallen into disfavour, apparently because of misleading connotations resulting from comparison to albumen of eggs.

2004 Internat. Jrnl. Plant Sci. 165 553 The wheat bran..includes botanically distinct layers, which are, starting from the albumen layer and going outward, the aleurone layer [etc.].

†3. The whitish or colourless part of the blood; serum, plasma. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > [noun] > serum

whey1578

serosity1601

ichor1638

serum1672

albumen1683

blood serum1834

1683 W. Charleton Three Anat. Lect. 31 Whenever the bloud is quiet or ceases from motion,..the red and grumose part of it soon curdles, and is separated from the serose or albumen.

1714 Bibliotheca Anatomica III. 8/1 Some have appointed the Serum or Albumen of the Blood..for that Office, which others assign to the Crassamentum.

4. A white, nitrogenous organic substance of a kind which forms a major constituent of egg white, blood plasma, and other animal and plant tissues; colourless soluble protein (cf. albuminoid n. 1). In later use (occasionally): spec. a soluble protein of a specific type (see albumin n. 1).Not now in technical use, and in reference to egg white sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 1.

ΚΠ

1790 W. Nicholson tr. A.-F. de Fourcroy Elements Nat. Hist. & Chem. (new ed.) III. 182 This matter, when well washed, is white and solid, like the albumen of the blood.

1806 W. Henry Epitome Chem. (ed. 4) ii. xxi. 295 The white of an egg affords a good example of animal albumen.

1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) II. 138 Albumen is the principle constituent of the serum of blood.

1858 E. Lankester & W. B. Carpenter Veg. Physiol. (new ed.) §32 These compounds,..gluten, fibrin, albumen, caseine, etc., form the basis of all vegetable and animal tissues.

1953 K. von Frisch Dancing Bees 10 Protein in pure form, or albumen, occurs abundantly in the white of an egg.

2000 Which? Oct. 54/3 This makes it difficult to distinguish wines that are produced using animal by-products (such as gelatin or albumen) from ones that do not.

Compounds

General attributive, with the sense ‘designating or involving photographic paper or plates in which silver nitrate is held in a coating of egg white (albumen)’, as albumen paper, albumen print, albumen process. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > treatment of plates, films, or paper > [adjective]

mercurialized1648

ferro-prussiate1815

sensitive1839

albumen1850

sensitized1851

bromized1853

waxed1853

salted1855

collodionized1859

collodioned1870

colour-sensitive1879

colour-sensitized1888

unsensitized1889

fumed1890

silvered1890

unfumed1891

orthochromatized1902

backed1906

hypersensitized1914

hypersensitive1937

1850 Chemist 1 503/1 (heading) Preparation of the positive albumen paper.

1856 R. Howlett On Var. Methods Printing Photogr. Pict. 7 The Albumen Process. The most simple process for obtaining positive prints is that upon albumenized paper.

1867 Photogr. Mosaics 53 (heading) Blistering of albumen prints.

1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 403 The clearness..of the albumen pictures.

1940 Bull. Museum Mod. Art 8 5 There are several printing methods included: the now obsolete calotype, albumen and platinum processes; direct photogravures, [etc.].

1960 G. A. Glaister Gloss. Bk. 328/1 In albumen paper, the usual copying material in the later 19th century, the colloid consisted of white of egg.

2007 Time Out N.Y. 1 Feb. 68/4 In the 19th century, ‘spirit’ photographers used the same albumen-printing process.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	albumen
释义	albumenn. Brit. /ˈalbjᵿmᵻn/, U.S. /ælˈbjumən/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin albumin-, albumen. Etymology: < post-classical Latin albumin-, albumen white of an egg (5th cent.; earlier (4th cent.) denoting a disease of the eye) < classical Latin albus white (see album n.²) + -men (see -ment suffix), after classical Latin ferrūmen cement (see ferruminate v.). Compare albumin n. N.E.D. (1884) gives the pronunciation as (æ̆lbiū·mėn) /ælˈbjuːmɪn/. Pronunciation with stress on the first syllable is recorded only as an alternative by D. Jones Eng. Pronouncing Dict. (1917) (and in subsequent editions until ed. 14 (1977); it is recorded as the sole pronunciation by British dictionaries from the mid 20th cent. onwards. 1. The white of an egg; egg white. Cf. sense 4.Formerly (now historical) often with reference to a photographic process: cf. Compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [noun] > ovum or ootid > white or albumen whiteeOE albuginousness1599 albumen1599 ovalbumin1835 albumin1850 egg albumin1871 ovoalbumin1873 egg white1898 1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 52/1 Take..the Albumen [Ger. das weiß] of 4 Egges. 1698 W. Cowper Anat. Humane Bodies sig. c1/2 The Vitellus and Albumen prepare and supply its Nourishment; both bearing an exact Analogy to the Lobes and Plantula Seminalis in Vegetable Seeds. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) There is most albumen in the obtuse end of an egg. 1869 T. H. Huxley in Fortn. Rev. Feb. 135 The white or albumen of an egg. 1891 T. F. Hardwich & J. T. Taylor Man. Photogr. Chem. (ed. 9) xvii. 274 The paper has been badly albumenized, the albumen having been allowed to drain off in streaks. 1940 G. S. Carter Gen. Zool. Invertebr. ii. 9 A familiar example of coagulation is the solidification of the albumen of a bird's egg when it is boiled. 1981 Cook's Mag. Sept.–Oct. 76/3 (advt.) This simple technique..will prevent the annoyance of cracked shells and oozing albumen. 2003 Cage & Aviary Birds 6 Dec. 18/1 Even empty eggs contain yolks and albumen—what is meant is that they are not fertile. 2. Botany. The endosperm of a seed, esp. when occurring as a persistent storage tissue in the mature seed. Cf. albuminous adj. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > seed > [noun] > parts of > albumen albumen1682 yolk1795 perisperm1800 vitellus1807 vitellin1882 phytalbumose1885 phytalbumin1899 1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants iv. iv. iii. 202 The Albumen or clear Liquor out of which they are bred. 1796 T. Martyn Lang. Bot. (ed. 2) sig. C8 Albumen, used by Grew and Gærtner, for the substance of the lobes of the seed; which corresponds with the white in an egg. 1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. Introd. 32 The substance which surrounds the embryo is called the Albumen. 1868 Amer. Jrnl. Hort. 4 155 The ‘chit’ of a grain of maize is the embryo: all else within the grain is the albumen. 1913 J. F. Rock Indigenous Trees Hawaiian Islands 245 Embryo filling the whole cavity of the seed,..albumen scanty. 1946 Amer. Midland Naturalist 36 517 The designation albumen has fallen into disfavour, apparently because of misleading connotations resulting from comparison to albumen of eggs. 2004 Internat. Jrnl. Plant Sci. 165 553 The wheat bran..includes botanically distinct layers, which are, starting from the albumen layer and going outward, the aleurone layer [etc.]. †3. The whitish or colourless part of the blood; serum, plasma. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > [noun] > serum whey1578 serosity1601 ichor1638 serum1672 albumen1683 blood serum1834 1683 W. Charleton Three Anat. Lect. 31 Whenever the bloud is quiet or ceases from motion,..the red and grumose part of it soon curdles, and is separated from the serose or albumen. 1714 Bibliotheca Anatomica III. 8/1 Some have appointed the Serum or Albumen of the Blood..for that Office, which others assign to the Crassamentum. 4. A white, nitrogenous organic substance of a kind which forms a major constituent of egg white, blood plasma, and other animal and plant tissues; colourless soluble protein (cf. albuminoid n. 1). In later use (occasionally): spec. a soluble protein of a specific type (see albumin n. 1).Not now in technical use, and in reference to egg white sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 1. ΚΠ 1790 W. Nicholson tr. A.-F. de Fourcroy Elements Nat. Hist. & Chem. (new ed.) III. 182 This matter, when well washed, is white and solid, like the albumen of the blood. 1806 W. Henry Epitome Chem. (ed. 4) ii. xxi. 295 The white of an egg affords a good example of animal albumen. 1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) II. 138 Albumen is the principle constituent of the serum of blood. 1858 E. Lankester & W. B. Carpenter Veg. Physiol. (new ed.) §32 These compounds,..gluten, fibrin, albumen, caseine, etc., form the basis of all vegetable and animal tissues. 1953 K. von Frisch Dancing Bees 10 Protein in pure form, or albumen, occurs abundantly in the white of an egg. 2000 Which? Oct. 54/3 This makes it difficult to distinguish wines that are produced using animal by-products (such as gelatin or albumen) from ones that do not. Compounds General attributive, with the sense ‘designating or involving photographic paper or plates in which silver nitrate is held in a coating of egg white (albumen)’, as albumen paper, albumen print, albumen process. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > treatment of plates, films, or paper > [adjective] mercurialized1648 ferro-prussiate1815 sensitive1839 albumen1850 sensitized1851 bromized1853 waxed1853 salted1855 collodionized1859 collodioned1870 colour-sensitive1879 colour-sensitized1888 unsensitized1889 fumed1890 silvered1890 unfumed1891 orthochromatized1902 backed1906 hypersensitized1914 hypersensitive1937 1850 Chemist 1 503/1 (heading) Preparation of the positive albumen paper. 1856 R. Howlett On Var. Methods Printing Photogr. Pict. 7 The Albumen Process. The most simple process for obtaining positive prints is that upon albumenized paper. 1867 Photogr. Mosaics 53 (heading) Blistering of albumen prints. 1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 403 The clearness..of the albumen pictures. 1940 Bull. Museum Mod. Art 8 5 There are several printing methods included: the now obsolete calotype, albumen and platinum processes; direct photogravures, [etc.]. 1960 G. A. Glaister Gloss. Bk. 328/1 In albumen paper, the usual copying material in the later 19th century, the colloid consisted of white of egg. 2007 Time Out N.Y. 1 Feb. 68/4 In the 19th century, ‘spirit’ photographers used the same albumen-printing process. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1599
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